With regard to State banks there do not exist exhaustive returns. The United States authorities are empowered by statute to obtain such information, but only 24 States themselves require returns, and few of these States provide adequately for the compilation and scrutiny. The following is a summary, from official and unofficial sources separately, of the number, capital, stock, surplus, and undivided profits of all State banks, loan and trust companies, and savings (mutual and stock) and private banks, 1887-88: Money, Weights, and Measures. The money, weights, and measures of the United States are: The Dollar, of 100 cents. or 17.4.866 dollars. MONEY. Approximate value, 48. Par value, 49.32d. There were for fifteen years, from 1863 to 1878, two denominations of value employed in the United States, the first the gold dollar, of the average value of 48. British money, and the second the paper dollar, principal currency since the civil war, the value of which was fluctuating, according to the rates of exchange. By the provisions of the Resumption Act' passed by Congress, coming into operation on January 1, 1879, the complete resumption of specie payments was established, but it took place several months before this date, by the action of commercial causes. Thus there exists no longer any difference in value between coined money and paper currency. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. British weights and measures are usually employed, but the old Win chester gallon and bushel are used instead of the new or imperial standards. They are: Wine Gallon = Ale Gallon Bushel 0.83333 gallon. 1.01695 19 = 0.9692 imperial bushel. Instead of the British cwt. a Cental, of 100 pounds, is used. Diplomatic Representatives. 1. OF THE UNITED STATES IN GREAT BRITAIN. Envoy and Minister.-The Hon. R. T. Lincoln. Secretary.-Henry White. Military Attaché.--Major J. C. Post. Naval Attaché.-Lieutenant-Commandant W. H. Emary. There are Consular representatives in Belfast, Birmingham, Bradford, Bristol, Cardiff, Cork, Dublin, Dundee, Glasgow, Hull, Leeds, Leith, Liverpool, Manchester, Newcastle, Plymouth, Sheffield, Southampton, Antigua, Auckland (N.Z.), Bombay, Calcutta, Cape Town, Ceylon, Halifax (N.S.), Hobart, Melbourne, Montreal, Quebec, St. John's (N.F.), Singapore, Sydney. 2. OF GREAT BRITAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. Envoy and Minister.-Sir Julian Pauncefote, G.C.M.G., K.C.B. Appointed 1889. Secretary.-Hon. Henry G. Edwardes. There are Consular representatives at Baltimore, Boston, Charleston, Chicago, Galveston, New Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco. Statistical and other Books of Reference concerning the United States. 1. OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS. Acts of Congress relating to Loans and the Currency from 1846 to 1885 inclusive. 8. New York, 1888. Agriculture: Special Reports of the Department for 1888. Washington, 1888. Annual Report of the Foreign Commerce of the United States for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1889. Washington, 1889. Annual Report of the Secretary of the Navy, made to the President of the United States. 8. Washington, 1889. Annual Reports of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey. 8. Washington, 1869-88. Census of the United States. Tenth Census. Vols. I. to XXI. 4. Washington, 1883-89. Commercial Relations of the United States with Foreign Countries. 8. Washington, 1888-89. Compendium of the Tenth Census of the United States, 1880. 2 vols. Washington, 1883. Congressional Directory. 8. Washington, 1889. Digest of the International Law of the United States. 3 vols. Washington, 1886. Education Bureau: Circulars of Information during 1889. Washington, 1889. Hertslet (Sir E.), Foreign Office List. Published annually. London, 1890. Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury transmitting Estimates of Appropriation required for the year ending June 30, 1890. Washington, 1889. Mineral Resources of the United States. By David T. Day, Jun., Chief of Bureau of Mining Statistics and Technology in United States Geological Survey. Washington, 1889. Navy Register of the United States to July 20, 1889. Printed by order of the Secretary of the Navy. Washington, 1889. Notes by Mr. West on the Reports of the Governors of the various Territories, in 'Reports from H.M.'s Diplomatic and Consular Officers Abroad.' Part I. Fol. London, 1885. Official Register of the United States. 8. Washington, 1889. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, transmitted to Congress. 8 Washington, 1889. Quarterly Reports of the Chief of the Bureau of Statistics relative to the Imports, Exports Immigration, and Navigation of the United States, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1889 Washington, 1889. Report by Mr. Helyar on the Finances of the United States, in Part IV. of 'Reports of H.M.'s Consuls.' London, 1886. Report by Mr. West on the Production of Precious Metals in the United States; on the Annual Product of the United States in relation to Capital, Labour, and the Railroad System; on Population and Education; and on the Land Laws; in 'Reports from H.M.'s Diplomatic and Consular Officers Abroad.' Fol. London, 1882. Report by Sir L. S. West on the Coinage of the United States and on the Imports and Exports, in Part II. of 'Reports from H.M.'s Diplomatic and Consular Agents.' London, 1886. Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture for 1887-88. 8. Washington, 1889. Report of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue of the United States for the fiscal ending June 30, 1889. 8. Washington, 1889. year Report of the Commissioner of the General Land Office to the Secretary of the Interior for the year 1889. 8. Washington, 1889. Report of the Director of the Mint on the Production of the Precious Metals in the United States during the calendar year 1888. Washington, 1889. Report of the Secretary of the Interior upon the Operations of the Department of the Interior, 1888-89. 8. Washington, 1889. Report of the Secretary of the Navy. 8. Washington, 1889. Report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the State of the Finances for the year ended June 30, 1889. Washington, 1889. Report of the Secretary of War upon the Operations of the War Department for the year 1889. 8. Washington, 1889. Report on the Internal Commerce of the United States. Washington, 1889. Report on the Trade of Galveston, in No. 458; Baltimore, No. 463; Philadelphia, No. 464; New Orleans, No. 465 and 466; Charleston, in No. 518; Savannah, No. 531; New York, No. 545; San Francisco, No. 544 and 555; Chicago, No. 570, of Diplomatic and Consular Reports.' London, 1889. Reports on Liquor Traffic Legislation in the United States, in No. 78; Oyster Fishery of Maryland, No. 80; Sorghum Sugar in Kansas, No. 83; Recent Labour Strikes, No. 90, of Reports on Subjects of General Interest.' London, 1888. Statement of the Public Debt of the United States, July 1, 1889. Fol. Washington, 1889. Statistical Abstract of the United States. Prepared by the Chief of the Bureau of Statistics, Treasury Department. No. XI. 8. Washington, 1889. The Statutes at large, and Treaties of the United States of America. Collated with the originals at Washington. Published annually. 8. Trade of the United States with Great Britain and Ireland, in 'Annual Statement of the Trade of the United Kingdom with Foreign Countries in the year 1888.' Imp. 4. London, 1889. 2. NON-OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS. Bancroft (George), History of the Formation of the Constitution of the United States of America. 2 vols. London, 1882. Bancroft (George), History of the United States. New ed. 6 vols. 8. London, 1882. Bolles (A. S.), Financial History of the United States. 3 vols. New York, 1885. Brockett (L. R.), Our Western Empire. Philadelphia, 1882. Bryant (W. C.) and Gay (S. H.), Popular History of the United States. New York, 1878, &c. 4 vols. London, 1888. Bryce (James), The American Commonwealth. 3 vols. 2 vols. Dall (W. H.), Alaska and its Resources. 8. Boston, 1870. Dilke (Sir Charles Wentworth, Bart., M.P.), Greater Britain: a record of travel in Englishspeaking countries in 1866 and 1867. 4th ed. 8. London, 1885. Elliot (H. W.), An Arctic Province. London, 1886. Fontpertuis (Adalbert Frout de), Les Etats-Unis de l'Amérique Septentrionale; leursorigines, leur émancipation et leurs progrès. 8. Paris, 1875. Hildreth (Richard), History of the United States. 6 vols. New York, 1880, &c. Homans (B.), The Banker's Almanac and Register for 1890. 8. New York, 1889. Johnston (Alex.), History of American Politics. New York, 1882. King (Edward), The Southern States of America. 8. London, 1875. Lanman (Charles), Biographical Annals of the Civil Government of the United States during its First Century. 8. London, 1876. Laws of the United States relating to Loans and the Currency, Coinage, and Banking. Washington, 1886. Lossing (B. J.), Cyclopædia of United States History. New York, 1883. 2 vols. McMaster (J. B.), History of the People of the United States. New York, 1883–89. (In progress.) Macpherson (E.), The Political History of the United States of America during the Great Rebellion from 1860 to 1864. 8. Washington, 1864. Paschal (George W.), The Constitution of the United States. 8. Washington, 1868. Pomeroy (J. N.), Constitutional Law of the United States. Enlarged by E. H. Bennett. Boston. Poor (Henry V.), Manual of the Railroads of the United States. 8. New York, 1889. Porter (R. P.), Gannett (H.), and Jones (W. P.), The West, from the Census of 1880 A history of the industrial, commercial, social, and political development of the States and Territories of the West, from 1800 to 1880. Chicago, 1882. Schouler (James), History of the United States. 4 vols. (In progress.) Seaman (Ezra C.), The American System of Government, its Character and Workings. 12. New York, 1871. Spofford (Ainsworth R.), American Almanac. 8. New York and Washington, 1889. Stanwood (Edward), History of Presidential Elections. Boston, 1884. Towle (N. C.), History and Analysis of the Constitution of the United States. Boston, 1871. Vernon (Edward), American Railroad Manual for the United States and the Dominion Imp. 8. New York and Philadelphia, 1888. Von Holst (Dr. H.), The Constitutional and Political History of the United States of America. 5 vols. 8. New York, 1879-85. Wharton (Francis), International Law of the United States. 3 vols. Washington, 1887. Winsor (Justin), Vols. 6 and 7 of the Narrative and Critical History of America. URUGUAY. (REPÚBLICA ORIENTAL DEL URUGUAY.) Constitution and Government. THE Republic of Uruguay, formerly a part of the viceroyalty of Spain, and subsequently a province of Brazil, declared its independence August 25, 1825, which was recognised by the Treaty of Montevideo, signed August 27, 1828. The Constitution of the Republic was sworn July 18, 1830. By the terms of this charter, the legislative power is in a Parliament, composed of two Houses, the Senate and the Chamber of Representatives, which meet in annual session, extending from February 15 to July 15. In the interval of the session, a permanent committee of two senators and five members of the Lower House assume the legislative power, as well as the general control of the administration. The representatives are chosen for three years, in the proportion of 1 to every 3,000 inhabitants of male adults who can read and write. The senators are chosen by an Electoral College, whose members are directly elected by the people; there is one senator for each department, chosen for six years, one-third retiring every two years. There are (1889) 53 representatives and 19 senators. The executive is given by the Constitution to the President of the Republic, elected for the term of four years. President of the Republic.-Dr. Hereira y Obes, elected March 1890. The President is assisted in his executive functions by a council of ministers divided into five departments, namely, that of the Interior, Foreign Affairs, Finance, War and Marine, and the department of Worship, Justice, and Public Instruction. Area and Population. The area of Uruguay is estimated at 72,110 English square miles, with a population, in 1887, of 614,257, which, it is stated, to allow for omissions, should be raised to 651,112. The country is divided into 19 provinces. |