1809 it had risen to between 200 and 300; in 1819-20, it had increased to 400; and, by the last return, it appeared, that, in 1827, 661 persons had been committed for trial. He was inclined to

think that the great increase of crime, particularly in the west of Scotland, was attributable, in no small degree, to the number of Irish who daily and weekly arrived there. He did not mean to say that the Irish themselves were in the habit of committing more crime than their neighbors; but he was of opinion, that their numbers tended to reduce the price of labor, and that an increase of crime was the consequence. Another cause was the great disregard manifested by parents for the moral education of their children. Formerly the people of Scotland were remarkable for the paternal care which they took of their offspring. That had ceased in many instances to be the case. Not only were parents found who did not pay attention to the welfare of their children, but who were actually parties to their criminal pursuits, and participated in the fruits of their unlawful proceedings. When crime was thus on the increase, it was necessary to take measures for its speedy punishment. The great city of Glasgow, which contained 150,000 inhabitants, and to which his proposed measure was meant chiefly to apply, stood greatly in need of some additional jurisdiction. This would appear evident, when it was considered that the court met there for the trial of capital offences, had also to act in the districts of Renfrew, Lanark, and Dumbarton. In 1812, the whole number of criminals tried in Glasgow was only 31; in 1820, it was 83; in 1823, it was 85; and in 1827, 211.-The learned lord concluded by moving for leave to bring in a bill to authorize an additional circuit court of justiciary to be held at Glasgow, and to facilitate criminal trial in Scotland.'

INDEX.

ACQUISITIVENESS, 51, 61, 69, 76.

its activity permitted and limited in the bible, 357.

Adhesiveness, 50, 59, 73.

Adumbration of the doctrine of the Trinity, in the nature of man, 353.
Alison, Mr., on the easy childbirths among the lower orders, 385.
Amativeness, 50, 57, 75, 113.

its activity permitted, and limited in the bible, 357.
America, evils anticipated from slavery in the United States of, 247. Cru-
elties of the Spaniards in, 250. Penitentiaries in, 278.
American Indians, character of the, 167.

American war, 239.

Animals, their constitution compared with that of man, 2, 3, 41, 108.
Hereditary transmission of their qualities, 154, 389, 390. Punishment
inflicted by them on each other, 263, et seq.

Animal nature of man addressed, in the bible, in prohibitions, 354.
Approbativeness addressed, appealed to, and its activity limited, in the
bible, 358, 359.

Aristides's advice as to the burning of the Grecian ships, 241.
Aristocracy, source of the unhappiness of the, 233.

Barometer, its utility in foretelling storms, 294.
Benevolence, sentiment of, 51, 65, 77.

Blackstone on the laws of nature, 382.

Blindness of the moral sentiments admitted in the bible, 360.

of the intellectual powers admitted by Phrenology, 361.

Bonaparte's mother, a woman of superior talent and courage, 159.
Brahmins, their children naturally superior to those of other Hindoo castes,
150.

Brain the organ of the mind, 120. Necessity of exercising it, 120, et seq.
Its form and qualities transmissible from parents to children, 152, 269,
304, 386. By improving the brain we may improve human character,
324.

Breeding of live stock, 390.

Bridgewater bequest, 19.

Britain too exclusively manufacturing and commercial, 225, 232. Corrup-
tion of her government arising indirectly from the slave trade, 236.
Strictures on her conduct in entering on the American war, 239. Her
national debt the punishment of foolish wars, 243.

Brown, Dr. John, of Haddington, his complaint about the repeal of penal
statutes against witches, 333.

Butler, Bishop, on the government of God, 30. On the supremacy of con-
science, 42. On the extent to which suffering results from our own

conduct, 282.

Caldwell, Dr. Charles, 279, 280.

Causality addressed in the bible, 358.

Cautiousness, 51, 65, 76.

Chalmers, Dr., on the means of human improvement, 100.

Childbirth, pains of, 116, 385.

Children, resemblance of, to their parents, 149, et seq., 386. See Heredi-
tary transmission.

Christianity has proved itself insufficient, while unaided by physical sci-
ence, to produce moral conduct among men, 327. Practical christianity,
how to be realized, 228, 341, 349.

Christians, primitive, charged with atheism and impiety, 322.

Circassian brain, 159.

Clergy, their zeal in persecuting and tormenting witches, 331. Ought
they to teach the natural as well as revealed laws of God? 348. See
Religion.

Clerks, evils arising from a bad choice of, 178.

Combination laws, 222.

Combativeness, 50, 61.

Commercial prosperity and distress, 222, 303, 403.

Comparison, addressed in the bible, 357.

Conscientiousness, 51, 66, 72.

Constitution of man, general view of the, and its relations to external ob-
jects, 1.

Constructiveness, 51, 76.

Conversion, its necessity asserted by Revelation, and admitted by Phren-
ology, 365, 366, 369, 370.

of individuals, Phrenological works silent on it, 366, 367.
Cowper on the punishment of the Spaniards for their cruelties in America,
250.

Crime, origin of, 269. How to be prevented, 270.
land, 404.

Criminals, punishment of, 264. Brains of, 269.

Deafness and dumbness hereditary, 149.

Death, 36, 397. A natural institution, 182, 198.
Depravity of the human mind, 324.

Increase of, in Scot-

human, admitted alike by Phrenology and Revelation, 363-365.
Destructiveness, 50, 61, 75.

its activity permitted, and limited in the bible, 356.
Disease, predisposing causes of, 125, et seq. At different ages, 190.
Dogs, acquired habits of, hereditary, 154.
Drunken fathers produce inferior children, 386.

Edinburgh, great fires in, 288.
entific Instruction, 404.

Edinburgh Association for procuring Sci-

Education, Dr. Chalmers on its power to improve the human race, 100.
Classical and scientific compared, 205. Scientific,

Utility of, 121.

208. Utility of phrenology in relation to, 336. What it ought to be,
345. State of, in Wurtemberg, 395.

Eggs of hens, 390.

Emancipation of the Negro slaves, 246, 249.

Endowments, original, unequal in men, admitted alike by Phrenology and
Revelation, 372, 373.

Erskine on the laws of nature, 382.

Ebenezer, his account of the despondency of his wife, 139.
Evil. See Miseries.

Excise laws, their oppressive and unjust operation fifty years ago, 237.
Exercise indispensable to happiness, 46, 82, et seq. 119, 226.

Expediency and justice always accordant, 240.

Faculties of man, summary of the, 50, 57, et seq. Compared with each
other, 54. Compared with external objects, 75.

Fall of man, 14, et seq. 184.

Fire, benefits accruing from its proper use, and evils from its misapplica-
tion, 256.

Fires in Edinburgh in 1824, causes of, 288.

Firmness, one of the faculties, 51, 80.

addressed in the bible, and its activity limited, 359.

Flint's account of the American Indians, 167.

Food, relation of, to climate, 47.

French Revolution, 243. Philosophers of the, 383.

Friends, faithless, 60.

Friendship, 59, 72.

Future state, 24, 196, 203.

INDEX.

Geology, truths revealed by, 4, 181.
Germany, burning of witches in, 329.
Education in, 395.

409

Scripture geology, 320.
State of the lower orders in, 394.

Globe, progressively adapted for the reception of man, 4, 181.
God, existence and attributes of, discoverable from his works, 1, 78.
Professor Sedgwick and Bishop Butler on his government, x. 30.
Locke on his benevolence and justice, 107. Principles on which his
laws seem to be instituted, 256.

Government, ought it to interfere with industry? 230.

Gravitation, law of, results of obedience to, and neglect of, 42, 108, 306.
Gregory, Drs. James and John, on the hereditary transmission of mental
qualities, 150.

Happiness, how attainable, 8, 9, 82, 201. Why so little advance has been
made in the pursuit of, 99. Influence of the natural laws on that of
individuals, 305.

Hare, murderer, engraving of his head, 143.

Harmonious gratification of the faculties necessary to happiness, 57, 69,

92.

Harmony between Phrenology and Christianity, 351.

Head, different forms of, 143. See Brain. Phrenology.

Health, prerequisites of, 44, 46, 115.

Hens, their eggs how made to vary in size, 390.

Hereditary transmission of bodily and mental qualities, 117, 148, et seq.
269, 304, 312, 386; and of acquired habits, 154, 388. Advantage of
crossing the breed, 177.

History exhibits man progressively improving, 10, 217.

Honesty the best policy, 242.

Hope, sentiment of, 52, 66, 78.

Human nature. See Man.

Ideality, 52, 66, 78.

Constitution of Man.

addressed in the bible, 358.

Imitation, one of the faculties, 52, 80.

Independence of the natural laws, 21, 34.

Intellectual faculties, 52, 80. Intended to be exercised, 86. Intellectual
laws, 33.

James I. of England, his pusillanimity accounted for, 160.

Johnson, Samuel, on the evils arising from hasty marriages, 147.

Jury trial in Scotland, errors in the mode of conducting it pointed out,

285.

Justice always in accordance with expediency, 240. Defective adminis-
tration of, 285.

Knowledge, acquisition of, agreeable, 83. Happiness advances with, 102.
Knowledge of science necessary for rightly interpreting Scripture, 317,
et seq.

Labor, man intended for, 46, 226. Evils arising attending its excess, 218,
225, 403.

Lawrence, Mr., on the easy child-births of savages, 386.
Laws of Nature, 27. Three great classes of, 21, 32. Their indepen-
dence, 21, 33. Definition of the term, 28. Obedience to each re-
warded, and neglect punished, 34. Universal, invariable, and unbend-
ing, 35. In harmony with the whole constitution of man, 35. Appli-
cation of, to the practical arrangements of life, 95. Punishment in-
flicted under the, 254. Instituted for the benefit of created beings, 255.
Moral advantages of punishment under them, 280. Their combined
operation, 285. Their influence on the happiness of individuals, 305.
Extracts from authors who have treated of, 381.

Legislation, utility of Phrenology in relation to 337.

Life. love of, 50, 57, 193. Duration of, increasing, 198, 397. Plan of, 95.

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