cops, in that particular form which the long wooden cam, or shaper directs.

In order to enable the spindles to take up or coil the yarn on the cops, with the same uniform degree of tension, as the diameter of the cop becomes enlarged, there is a contrivance, by means of a ratchet-wheel and click connected to a snail-wheel and lever, which causes the rods attached to the faller and counter-faller, to approach to, or recede from each other, and to act upon the yarns, so as to accelerate or retard the rotations of the bobbins, which contrivance effectually regulates the tension of the winding.

The mechanism appears to be correctly arranged in principle to effect the movements described, but as we have before hinted, is extremely complicated; cogwheels, both cylindrical and beveled, slipping in and out of gear; friction-wheels with interrupted motions driving or stopping parts of the machinery at intervals; cams for moving the levers, clutch-boxes, straps, rods and other parts of the apparatus, are placed in various situations about the machine, which multitude of parts necessarily envolve complexity of actions, aud cause a great practical difficulty in keeping the whole properly adjusted, so as to perform all the required evolutions at the precise periods intended. Upon the whole, we consider that these suggested improvements constitute a machine highly creditable to its inventer, as respects the ingenuity of the combination, but which we fear, will be found practically inefficient.

To JOHN MARTIN HANCHETT, of Crescent Place, Blackfriars', in the City of London, and JOSEPH DELValle, of White-cross Street, in the County of Middlesex, Esqrs. in consequence of a communication made to them by a certain Foreigner residing abroad, for an Improvement or Improvements in Looms, for making Cloths, Silks, and different kinds of Woollen Stuffs, of various breadths.

[Sealed 25th March, 1825.]

THESE improvements are applicable only to powerlooms, or that construction of loom which is to be actuated by the power of steam or water, instead of manual labour. The novelties introduced into the power-loom, by the present patentees, apply to particular parts of the machine, and therefore a description of the entire construction and operation of a power loom, is not considered to be necessary in this specification, it may however, be seen in several of our preceding volumes, particularly in Bowman's patent, Vol. II, page 161, and plate VII, to which cur readers may refer, with advantage, for the better understanding of the following.

The inventions which constitute the subjects of the present patent, have three distinct objects; Ist, the adaptation of certain cam-wheels to the principle rotatory shaft of the machine, for giving the requisite movements to the batten or lay, and reed; 2nd, a cam-wheel or pulley of a peculiar form, also affixed to the main-shaft, for effecting the vibrating motions of the pecker-lever, which, by means of cords, causes the shuttle to be projected to and fro, along the race of the lay; 3rd, other cam-wheels to be attached to the said main shaft, or to an independant

shaft, (and then put in motion by a train of toothedwheels,) for the purpose of acting as tappets or wipers, in order to give the required movements to the headles or harnes, by which the warps are raised and depressed.

Plate I, fig. 4, is a front view of a power-loom, with the improved parts adapted; a, a, are two pullies, one fastened to its axle, the other sliding loosely round it, as in ordinary power-looms. A band passed from the rotatory part of a steam engine, or any other first mover, over the fixed pulley a, puts the machine in action, and which when slidden on to the loose pulley, causes the machine to stop. Upon the axle of a, there is a toothed-wheel, that takes into the toothed-wheel b, affixed to the main shaft c, c, which causes the shaft and the several cams to revolve, and consequently, the different evolutions of the loom to be performed; d, d, is the lay or batten, and e, the reed affixed to it. The lay vibrates upon pivots, at the lower parts of its arms f, f, for the purpose of beating up the webs as usual, which pivots are affixed to the framing of the machine near the bottom.

There are affixed to the main-shaft c, two cam-wheels 9, 9, which as the shaft revolves, actuates the lay in the following manner :-There is a stud or pin extending from each of the arms f,f, of the lay which studs or pins passes into an excentric groove in the face of each of the cam-wheels 9, and consequently as the cam-wheels revolve, the lay is moved backward and forward upon its pivots. The form of the cam-wheels, and of their grooves will depend upon the kind of fabric intended to be woven, and also whether it is necessary to beat up the weft thread by one or more sharp strokes of the batten or lay, or to press up the weft by a gentle movement of the lay.

A representation of the side or face of one of these cam wheels is exhibited at fig. 5, in which the groove for the