The flourishing state of the cotton manufactory has rendered many persons, in the Protestant districts, easy, if not affluent, in their circumstances. Our author, however, thinks the machinery used in Switzerland, for spinning and preparing cotton cloth, far inferior to that in England.

Appenzel contains no fortified town; but only two or three open burghs, of which Appenzel is the largest in the Catholic district; and Trogen, Undevil, and Herisau in the Protestant. The whole canton, however, is almost one continuous village, each cottage being surrounded by a little domain, which generally contains every rural convenience within itself.

The original simplicity of the pastoral life is still visible among a majority of the inhabitants; and Mr. Coxe says, he saw several venerable figures, with long beards, that resembled the pictures of the ancient patriarchs. The natives of this canton, as is common in democracies, possess a natural frankness, and peculiar tone of equality, which arise from a consciousness of independence. They also display a fund of original humour, a quickness of repartee, and rude sallies of wit, which enliven their conversation.

Near Appenzel they observed an old man, with venerable white hair covering his shoulders, in the dress of a substantial farmer, who enquired, in the tone of civil authority, who they were; and upon their asking of their guide who this person was, they found he was Landamman, or chief of the republic. Happy people, exclaims our author, the nature of whose country, and the constitution of whose government are equally inimical to the introduction of luxury!

As there was a scarcity of horses on their leaving Appenzel, Mr. Coxe preferred walking. Having traversed the canton for about a league, over a continued range of mountains, dotted with cottatages and cultivated spots, they arrived at its boundary, when the scene suddenly changed to a wild forest of pines. The road was scarcely three feet broad, and, in general, difficult to pass.

At Oberied they engaged a cart for Salets. The roads being rough and stony, in such a vehicle they could not be much at their ease; but the evening being fine, and the moon shining exceedingly bright, their journey was not altogether unpleasant.

Next morning, they continued their route in the same carriage, which was so small, that they were completely wedged in; and having once taken their places, it was impossible to stir. The day was hot; but the country through which they passed, at the slow rate of three miles an hour, was still so picturesque and beautiful, that they forgot the partial inconveniences of equipage and heat.

From Trivaback, a small village on the Rhine, they walked to Sargans, the capital of a bailliage of the same name. They arrived late at Wallenstadt, a town incorporated with it, but enjoying several distinct privileges. It forms a link of the communication between Germany and Italy, through the country of the Grisons; and is frequently resorted to by merchants.

The lake of Wallenstadt is about twelve miles long and two broad, and is environed by high mountains, except towards the east and west. From this exposure, a breeze generally blows from

those two quarters at different periods of the day, which much facilitates the transportation of merchandise.

The scenery of the lake affords an endless variety of beautiful and romantic views. On the side of Glarus, the mountains are chiefly cultivated, and enriched with woods; while the Alps behind are covered with snow. On the other side,

for the most part, the rocks are grotesque, craggy, and inaccessible; yet even here are some fertile spots of land, reclaimed by human industry from original sterility. Numberless water-falls, occasioned by the melting of the snows, devolve from the sides of the hills, and enter the lake by different courses, and with different degrees of velocity and noise..

Glarus is the last in rank of the eight ancient cantons, which enjoy several superior privileges to the five remaining ones, that afterwards courted their alliance. The people of this canton were invaded by the Austrians in 1388, with such a force, as it was supposed would render resistance vain. It was then that three hundred and fifty troops of Glarus, assisted by thirty Switzers, opposed the whole Austrian force, consisting of fifteen thousand men. The former were advantageously posted on the mountains, and having compelled their invaders to retreat, by a shower of stones; the inhabitants seized the moment of confusion, and fell on them with such impetuosity, that they broke their ranks, and after an immense slaughter, drove the remainder from the canton.

Such unequal combats are not singular in the Helvetic annals, and they render the classical engagements of Marathon and Platxa perfectly cre

dible The same love of independence, the same dread of slavery, the same attachment to their country, animated the respective nations to similar efforts of heroism.

The government of Glarus is wholly democratical: every person at the age of sixteen has a vote in the general assembly, which is annually held in an open plain. This assembly ratifies new laws, imposes contributions, enters into alliances, and makes peace or war. The Landamman is the chief of the republic, and is chosen alternately from the Protestants and Catholics.

Cattle, cheese, and butter constitute the principal wealth of the canton. It is computed that ten thousand head of large cattle, and four thousand sheep are pastured in the mountains, belonging to this district, during the summer season. Among the exports, slates are no inconsiderable article. These quarries once supplied Great Britain with school and compting-house slates, but our own country is now found to be sufficiently rich in this kind of produce.

On the 30th of July they made an excursion towards the extremity of the canton. It is entirely enclosed by the Alps, except towards the north; and this is the only entrance, unless during the summer months. At this pass, the canton reaches from the banks of the Linth, to the farthest extremity of its Alps, about thirty miles; forming a valley, which gradually narrows till it is scarcely more than a musket shot in breadth at the burgh of Glarus. It afterwards opens in the same manner, and about a league farther, it is divided by the Freyberg mountains.

The scenery of this narrow, populous valley through which they passed, reminded Mr. Coxe of Matlock, in Derbyshire. It is of the same cast, but infinitely more wild, more varied, and more sublime. The Linth is much broader, and more rapid than the Derwent, and the highest eminences of the peak are only mole-hills, compared to the Alps of Glarus.

They several times crossed the Linth, which rushes with the impetuosity of a torrent, and at length arrived at an amphitheatre of mountains, where the valley terminated. The view here was awfully grand, every feature that entered into the composition of the landscape was vast, and wholly Alpine. They admired the sublime horror of the scenery for some time; and then made a hearty meal on some excellent bread, honey, butter, and milk, which a neighbouring cottage supplied.

"Nothing," says Mr. Coxe, "delights me so much as the inside of a Swiss cottage: all those I have hitherto visited, convey the liveliest image of cleanliness, ease, and simplicity; and cannot but strongly impress, on the observer, a most pleasing conviction of the peasants happiness. The houses are generally built of wood, large, solid, and compact, with penthouse roofs, that extend far beyond the area of the foundation.

Their landlord, at Glarus, was an open hearted honest fellow, who brought his pint of wine, and sat down to converse with his guests, without the least ceremony. This freedom, being neither the effect of impertinent curiosity, nor fawning officiousness, but the impulse of a mind conscious of its natural equality, and unconstrained by arbitrary distinctions, was highly pleasing.