The manners of the citizens are generally simple. Dinner is usually served at twelve; in the afternoon the gentlemen assemble in small societies in the town, during winter, and at their respective villas in summer. The frequently smoke, and partake of wine, cake, fruit, and other refresh

ments.

The women, for the most part, are engaged in domestic vocations, or devoted to the instruction of their children. They are not fond of visiting; and when they go out, they assemble in select parties, to which only a few men, and those chiefly the nearest relations, are admitted. This reserve, however, among the ladies, begins to give way to a more social intercourse.

Sumptuary laws, as well as those against immorality, are here well observed. The former may, indeed, be carried into execution among a people far gone in vicious refinement; but the *severest penalties will be incapable of restraining the latter, without some degree of moral purity in the people.

At Zuric the original Swiss spirit of independence prevails more than in any of the other large towns in the confederacy; and this is still considered as the most patriotic and upright of all the thirteen cantons.

The militia of Zuric, of every description, amounts to about thirty thousand effective men. The arsenal is well supplied with arms and ammunition. Here is to be seen the two hundred swords and massy armour of the old Swiss warriors; and the bow and arrow with which William Tell is said to have cleft the apple placed on the head of his son.

The ecclesiastical affairs are under the Supreme direction of the senate, assisted by fourteen deans, chosen by a synod composed of the whole clergy of the canton. The principal ministers and professors in the town, constitute, in conjunction with several magistrates and assessors, an ecclesiastical and academical council. To this committee the deans have recourse in all arduous circumstances; and it often determines lesser affairs, or refers cases of importance to the senate.

The benefices in this canton are, in no instance, higher than one hundred and forty pounds per annum, and often as low as thirty; but a clergyman of learning and merit, who resides in the town, has commonly a professorship added to his function.

There are several excellent public establishments, such as an orphan-house, and a chiurgical seminary, both extremely well conducted.

The public education is under the immediate protection of government. The office of a professor gives rank and estimation; and is often held by a member of the senate, or of the great council. The learned languages, divinity, natural history, mathematics, and in short, every species of polite learning, as well as the abstruse sciences, are here taught at a small expence, and with abundant care.

In consequence of this laudable attention to form the minds of youth, and to elicit the flame of genius, no town in Switzerland has produced more eminent men than Zuric. Among others, since the reformation, may be enumerated Zuinglius, and Bullinger, Conrad Gesner, Hotinger, Simler, Spon, Scheutzer, Heydegger, Breitinger,

Bodmer, Hertzel, and Solomon Gesner. The latter is the well-known author of the Death of Abel, and several pastorals; which, for delicate and elegant simplicity, are universally admired. They display a mind of the nicest sensibility, and warmed with the finest sentiments in passions and morals.

But in this literary galaxy, none have gained more extensive reputation than Lavater, a clergyman of Zuric, and a famous physiognomist. Our author visited this celebrated man, and was charmed with the vivacity of his conversation, the amenity of his manners, and the singularity and animation of his style, which have contributed more to spread his principles than sound reasoning and depth of learning.

That particular passions have a certain effect on particular features, is evident to every observer; but that, by contemplating the countenance, we can infallibly discover the mental qualities, is an hypothesis liable to many exceptions. Nevertheless, Lavater, like a true enthusiast, carries his theory much farther; for he not only pretends to discover the character and passions by the features, the complexion, the form, and motion; but he also draws some inferences, of the same kind, from the hand writing.

Lavater, however, has not confined himself merely to physiognomy. He has composed hymns and national songs, which are much admired for their simplicity. He has also published numerous works on sacred subjects; but it must be confessed, that the same fanciful turn, which displays itself in his physiognomical theories, is likewise visible in what ought to be under the influence of sober reason, or the guidance of revelation.

Mr. Coxe makes honourable mention of several other literary characters he met with at Zuric. The library and cabinet of John Gesner, professor of physics, and a descendant of Conrad Gesner, particularly pleased him. The proficiency of this gentleman, in the study of nature, has been amply testified by the repeated acknowledgments of Haller, whom he accompanied in several botanical excursions through Switzerland.

The public library at Zuric contains about twenty-five thousand volumes, and a few curious manuscripts. Among the latter, the following chiefly attracted the attention of Mr. Coxe. The original copy of Quintilian, found in the library of St. Gallen, from which the first edition of that great rhetorician was published; the Psalms in the Greek tongue, written on violet coloured parchment, supposed to have come from the Vatican at Rome; several manuscripts of Zuinglius, which evince the indefatigable industry of that. celebrated reformer; and three Latin letters from Lady Jane Grey to Bullinger, in 1551, 2, 3. These letters, written with her own hand, breathe a spirit of unaffected piety, and prove the uncommon progress which this unfortunate, but accomplished, woman had made in various branches of literature though only sixteen years old.

The library is also rich in the best editions of the classics, and particularly in the early impressions.

Our author likewise mentions the library of the cathedral, belonging to the Caroline college, which contains several manuscripts, and ancient printed books of great rarity; the collections of Simler

and Heydegger, which no lover of learning would pass without notice.

From Zuric our author made an excursion round the lake, in company with several gentlemen of the place. They passed through vineyards and corn-fields to Kussnach, a small village on the eastern side of the lake, which contains about one thousand seven hundred souls.

Having reposed themselves here, and accepted some refreshments from a gentleman of the place, they continued their walk through similar scenes, and enjoyed, during the greatest part of the way, the most agreeable shade of forest trees, while the scattered cottages, villages, and picturesque villas and churches, added to the beauty of the everchanging scenery.

At Meile they embarked and crossed the lake, when new beauties arrested their attention; but it is impossible to do them justice in our description. They landed again at Weddenschweil, on the west side of the lake. Near this last place is a cascade, which bursting from surrounding trees, falls a few feet on the ridge of rock, and then precipitates itself in mid air for fifty feet, without touching the sides of the precipice. The effect was peculiarly striking; nor could they sufficiently admire the amphitheatre of rock, the beeches suspended on its top and sides, the sun-beams playing on the falling waters, and the noise of the torrent, contrasting with the mild and tranquil beauties of the lake they had just quitted.

They passed the night at Richliswick, most agreeably situated. The road sometimes conducted through meadows, sometimes lay close to the water's edge, and scarcely could they advance one