can be done only where a fixed and complete mode of instruction is laid down.

Arith

The branches taught by the pupils are grammar, reading, composition, writing, drawing, arithmetic, mental exercises, singing, religion. Language is taught partly after Krause, and partly on the plan of the inspector, Mr. Wagner. Reading is closely connected with writing, according to the method of the inspector. The pupils of the higher classes have subjects of familiar compositions given them; at the same time, they are made to learn by heart short letters, narrations and descriptions, because this is deemed the best method of familiarising children with the language, and enabling them to express themselves with ease in writing. When they have learnt a piece by heart, they endeavour to write it without a fault, and with the proper punctuation; the comparison with the original and the correction are left to themselves, that the thing may be more deeply impressed upon their mind. metic is taught on the system of Schumacher and Jos. Schmid. In the lower classes great care is taken that the numbers are always correct, in order to avoid the inefficient and too artificial mental arithmetic of Pestalozzi, and to make arithmetic itself an exercise of language. Singing is taught by the two forwardest pupils of the school, who give two lessons in the morning, and drawing by the two most skilful draughtsmen. For exercises in language and mental activity, use is occasionally made of Krause's Exercises for the Mind, and Pestalozzi's Mothers' Book. On religion the pupils give but one lesson aweek, under the particular guidance of the director. The special superintendence of this school is confided to the inspector, Mr. Wagner, who, besides a daily visit during the lessons, subjects them to a slight examination every week, to keep up a persevering ac

tivity in the young men, and to know exactly what progress is made. The satisfaction of the parents at the pupils' mode of teaching is proved by the regular attendance at the school. I am well satisfied with the practical ability hitherto shown by the pupils.

6. MASTERS OF THE ESTABLISHMENT.

Two masters, besides the director, were last year annexed to the establishment,-the inspector Mr. Wagner, and Mr. Richter. The assistant master Mr. Rudisch was added at the beginning of this year. These masters give their entire and undivided attention to the school; yet they are not sufficient for this great establishment; two pupils and the organist of the town assist in the department of instrumental music.

The following branches of instruction devolve upon the director: religion, history, the science of education (Pädagogik), the theory of composition,-twelve lessons a-week; adding the hours of devotion, the number of his lessons amounts to nineteen.

Mr. Wagner has the charge of language, arithmetic, singing, natural philosophy, the theory of composition, and reading, twenty-three lessons a-week.

Mr. Richter attends to the arithmetic, geometry, reading, orthography, theory of composition, natural history, singing, and the violin,-twenty-one lessons a-week.

Mr. Rudisch, assistant master, teaches orthography, geography, writing, the piano-forte, and thoroughbass; besides which, he gives lessons in the school for practice altogether his lessons amount to twenty.

Simon the organist gives two lessons a-day on the organ and piano-forte, and the pupils Mohr and Schwippert give a lesson every day on the violin.

It is evident from this, that the complement of masters is not yet perfect, and that besides the masters already annexed, a good organist is especially

needed, the town organist being employed only for want of a better.

Although the general superintendence rests upon the director, yet, to relieve him, one of the masters in rotation has hitherto conducted the special inspection each week. But I see every day more clearly, that the whole inspection ought to devolve upon the director alone;—in a well-regulated house there should be but one head. The other masters also recognise this principle; and in the end the director will have the whole superintendence, and, in case of need, will transfer it to the inspector. But as the director and the inspector cannot be always with the pupils, and as it is nevertheless necessary that there should be some fixed person to refer to when disturbances or complaints occur, the established custom will be continued of appointing the student who is deemed the best fitted as superintendent of his fellow-students. This plan may, besides, have a very useful effect in the education both of the young superintendent and of his schoolfellows.

7. RESULTS OF THE EXAMINATION AT QUITTING

THE SCHOOL.

The first parting examination took place from the 15th to the 19th of September, under the auspices of the consistory-councillor, Mr. Poll, of Köln, and the following left the school:

6 pupils with the certificate, No. 1

In all forty-four. There had been, it is true, fifty pupils admitted since the opening of the school; but at the end of the first year, three pupils were permitted by high authority to begin the course anew:

one other, by a decision of the Chief-president of the province, bearing date Nov. 24th, 1823, was expelled the fifth, Henry Joseph Schmitz, died of consumption, on the 3rd of May of the preceding year: and the sixth, Joseph Waldnehl, sent back to his parents on account of illness before the examination, died of consumption, as has been already stated, on the 21st of January.

8. THE PUPILS' PROSPECT OF APPOINTment after

LEAVING THE SCHOOL.

As the school is not in direct correspondence with the central government, and the newspapers of the district do not mention the subject, I do not know exactly if all the pupils have met with appointments. From a private communication of Mr. Husgen, consistory-councillor at Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle), I learn, that the pupils from this department are all appointed, and that the parishes are perfectly satisfied with them. I learn also from Mr. Schmitz, consistorial assessor at Köln, that the greater part of the pupils from that department, perhaps all by this time, are appointed : since which, the Köln journal expressed the satisfaction of the parishes respecting the pupils of the primary normal school of Brühl. I do not know the author of this article. The news is without doubt gratifying to the masters and encouraging to the pupils, but we are not puffed up by it, our self-satisfaction resting on another foundation.

9. PUPILS LATELY ADMITTED.

The law of the school says (§ 44), that every pupil, who, at the end of the first year, shall not have made progress enough to warrant the expectation that at the end of the course he will be capable of fulfilling the duties of a schoolmaster, shall be sent back. This, ther, fixes a year as the time of trial, and it appears

to me a wise regulation. Experience has shown us that many who enter weak become strong, whilst others who appeared very forward at first are left behind. A few acquirements more or less are not so important in the new-comers as good natural capacity and love of work. I have not yet been three months with the new pupils, so that I cannot give a decided opinion respecting them; but the masters agree in saying, that although none have yet specially distinguished themselves, there are some of very good capacity, and very few who seem weak. I have pleasure in being able to state that a peaceful and joyous spirit reigns amongst them.

10. DISTRIBUTION OF THE GRANTS.

The grants are fixed by the Chief-president of the province, at the time of the admission of the pupils, according to the contributions of each department. The whole amount of the grants for these two years* is 2645 thaler (3961. 15s.); that of the preceding amounted to 2978 thlr. (4467. 14s.), which gives an excess of 333 thlr. Although I lament this falling off, I am willing to believe it is the effect of demands of paramount importance. The contribution of each department to the sum stated is as follows: Thlr. Gr. £. S. d. 1. Coblentz .. for 23 pupils 637 11 or 95 12 0 2. Düsseldorf. 20

3. Köln....

547

1- 82 1 0 1697 14 O

Two pupils quitted the school this year, not having a decided turn for teaching: by this withdrawal a stipendium of 45 thlr. 15 gr. (67. 16s. 6d.) is become vacant.

The course at this school lasts only two years.