Whatever the reader may think of the availability or value of this part of the system, there are so many easily applicable tests of the worth of much that Loisette has done, that it may be taken with the rest.

Few people, to give an easy example, can remember the value of π-the ratio between the circumference and the diameter of the circle--beyond four places of decimals, or at most five-3.141592+. Here is the value to 108 decimal places:

3.14159265*3589793238-4626433832 79502884197169399375*10582 09749 4459230781 6406286208.9986280348 2534211706 79821480 86+

By a very simple application of the numerical letter values, these 108 decimal places can be carried in the mind and recalled about as fast as you can write them down. All that is to be done is to memorize these nonsense lines:

Mother Day will buy any shawl.
My love pick up my new muff.
A Russian jeer may move a woman.
Cables enough for Utopia.

Get a cheap ham pie by my cooley.
The slave knows a bigger ape.
I rarely hop on my sick foot.
Cheer a sage in a fashion safe.
A baby fish now views my wharf.
Annually Mary Ann did kiss a jay.
A cabby found a rough savage.

Now translate each significant into its proper value and you have the task accomplished. "Mother Day," m=3, th=1, r=4; d=1, and so on. Learn the lines one at a time by the method of interrogatories. "Who will buy any shawl?" "Which Mrs. Day will buy a shawl?" "Is Mother Day particular about the sort of shawl she will buy?" "Has she bought a shawl?" etc., etc. Then cement the end of each line to the beginning of the next one, thus, Shawl "-"warm garment "-"warmth "-"love"-" my love," and go on as before. Stupid as the work may seem to you, you can memorize the figures in fifteen minutes this way so that you will not forget them in fifteen years. Similarly you can take Haydn's Dictionary of Dates and turn fact after fact into nonsense lines like these which you cannot lose.

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And this ought to be enough to show anybody the whole art. If you look back across the sands of time and find out that it is that ridiculous old “Thirty days hath September" which comes to you when you are trying to think of the length of October-if you can quote your old prosody,

"O datur ambiguis," etc.,

with much more certainty than you can serve up your Horace; if,

in fine, jingles and alliterations, wise and otherwise, have stayed with you, while solid and serviceable information has faded away, you may be certain that here is the key to the enigma of memory.

If you

wish

You can apply it yourself in a hundred ways. to clinch in your mind the fact that Mr. Love lives at 485 Dearborn Street, what is more easy than to turn 485 into the word "rifle" and chain the ideas together, say thus: "LOVE-happiness--good time--picnic-forest-wood rangers— range—rifle range-rifle--fine weapon-costly weapon-dearly bought— DEARBORN.

Or if you wish to remember Mr. Bowman's name, and you notice he has a mole on his face which is apt to attract your attention when you next see him, cement the ideas thus: "Mole, mark, target, archer, Bowman."

THE COPYING PAD.-Put 1 ounce of glue to soak in cold water until pliable and soft. Drain off the surplus water and place the dish in another dish containing hot water. When the glue is thoroughly melted, add 6 ounces of glycerine, which has been previously heated, and mix the two, adding a few drops of carbolic acid to prevent molding. Pour out this mixture into a shallow pan (9x12 inches) and set away to cool, taking care that the surface is free from blisters. After standing 12 hours it is ready for use. To use, write on a sheet of paper what you wish to duplicate with a sharp steel pen and strong aniline ink. When dry, lay the paper face down on the pad, pressing it lightly, and allow it to remain for a moment. On removing the paper an impression will be found on the face of the pad, and if another paper is placed upon it, it will receive a similar impression. When enough impressions have been taken, the face of the pad should be immediately washed with a sponge and cold water until the ink impression is wholly removed. If the surface of the pad becomes dry, wipe it with a moist sponge, and, if uneven, melt over a slow fire.

HOW TO RAISE THE BODY OF A DROWNED PERSON.-In a recent failure to recover the body of a drowned person in New Jersey, a French-Canadian undertook the job, and proceeded as follows: Having supplied himself with some glass gallon jars and a quantity of unslacked lime he went in a boat to the place where the man was seen to go down. One of the jars was filled half full of lime, and then filled up with water and tightly corked. It was then dropped into the water and soon after exploded at the bottom of the river with a loud report. After the third trial, each time at a different place, the body rose to the surface and was secured.

Concise Rules in Grammar, Spelling and Pronunciation.

T

HERE are several kinds of errors in speaking. The most objectionable of them all are those in which words are employed that are unsuitable to convey the meaning intended. Thus, a person wishing to express his intention of going to a given place says, "I propose going," when, in fact, he purposes going. The following affords an amusing illustration of this class of error: A venerable matron was speaking of her son, who, she said, was quite stage-struck. "In fact," remarked the old lady, "he is going to a premature performance this evening! Considering that most amateur performances are premature, it cannot be said that this word was altogether misapplied; though, evidently, the maternal intention was to convey quite another meaning.

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Other errors arise from the substitution of sounds similar to the words which should be employed; that is, spurious words instead of genuine ones. Thus, some people say tive," when they mean remunerative." A nurse, recommending her mistress to have a perambulator for her child, advised her to purchase a preamputator!

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Other errors are occasioned by imperfect knowledge of the English grammar: thus, many people say, "Between you and I," instead of "Between you and me." other departures from the rules of pointed out hereafter.

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And there are numerous grammar, which will be

What beautiful butter!" "What a beautiful

MISUSE OF THE ADJECTIVE: What a nice landscape!" They should say landscape!" quently occasioned by the following causes :

"What nice butter!" Again, errors are fre

MISPRONUNCIATION OF WORDS: Many persons say pronounciation instead of pronunciation; others say pro-nun-shea-shun, instead of pro-nun-ce-a-shun.

MISDIVISION OF WORDS AND SYLLABLES: This defect makes the words an ambassador sound like a nambassador, or an adder like a nadder.

IMPERFECT ENUNCIATION, as when a person says hebben for heaven, ebber for ever, jocholate for chocolate.

To correct these errors by a systematic course of study would involve a closer application than most persons could afford, but the simple and concise rules and hints here given, founded upon usage and the authority of scholars, will be of great assistance to inquirers.

RULES AND HINTS FOR CORRECT SPEAKING.

Who and whom are used in relation to persons, and which in relation to things. But it was once common to say, "the man which." This should now be avoided. It is now usual to say, "Our Father who art in heaven," instead of "which art in heaven "

Whose is, however, sometimes applied to things as well as to persons. We may therefore say, "The country whose inhabitants are free "

Thou is employed in slemn discourse, and you in common language. Ye (plural) is also used in serious addresses, and you in familiar language.

The uses of the word it are various and very perplexing to the uneducated. It is not only used to imply persons, but things, and even ideas, and therefore in speaking or writing, its assistance is constantly required. The perplexity respecting this word arises from the fact that in using it in the construction of a long sentence, sufficient care is not taken to insure that when it is employed it really points out or refers to the object intended For instance, "It was raining when John set out in his cart to go to market, and he was delayed so long that it was over before he arrived." Now what is to be understood by this sentence? Was the rain over? or the market? Ei her or both might be inferred from the construction of the sentence, which, therefore, should be written thus:-"It was raining when John set out in his cart to go to market, and he was delayed so long that the market was over before he arrived."

Rule. After writing a sentence always look through it, and see that wherever the word it is employed, it refers to or carries the mind back to the object which it is intended to point out.

The general distinction between this and that may be thus defined: this denotes an object present or near, in time or place; that something which is absent. These refers, in the same manner, to present objects, while those refers to things that are remote.

Who changes, under certain conditions, into whose and whom; but that and which always remain the same, with the exception of the possessive case, as noted ab ve.

That may be applied to nouns or subjects of all sorts; as, the girl that went to school, the dog that bit me, the opinion that he entertains

The misuse of these pronouns gives rise to more errors in speaking and writing than any other cause.

When you wish to distinguish between two or more persons, say, “Which is the happy man?" not who-" Which of those ladies do you admire?"

Instead of "Whom do you think him to be?" say, "Who do you think him to be?"

Self should never be added to his, their, mine, or thine.

Each is used to denote every individual of a number.

Every denotes all the individuals of a number

Either and or denote an alternative: "I will take either road, at your pleasure," "I will take this or that."

Neither means not either; and nor means not the other.

Either is sometimes used for each-"Two thieves were crucified, on either side one."

"Let each esteem others as good as themselves," should be, "Let each esteem others as good as himself."

"There are bodies each of which are so small," should be,

small."

each of which is so

Do not use double superlatives, such as most straightest, most highest, most

finest.

The term worser has gone out of use; but lesser is still retained.

The use of such words as chiefest, extremest, etc., has become obsolete, because they do not give any superior force to the meanings of the primary words, chief, extreme, etc.

Such expressions as more impossible, more indispensable, more universal, more unc ntroiable, more unlimited, etc., are objectionable, as they really enfeeble the meaning which it is the cbject of the speaker or writer to strengthen. For instance, impossible gains no strength by rendering it more impossible. This class of error is common with persons who say, "A great large house," "A great big animal," "A little small foot," "A tiny little hand."

Here, there and where, originally denoting place, may now, by common consent, be used to denote other meanings; such as, " There I agree with you," Where we differ" We find pain where we expected pleasure," "Here you mistake me

Hence, whence and thence, denoting departure, etc., may be used without the word from. The idea of from is included in the word whence-therefore it is unnecessary to say "From whence."

Hither, thither, and whither, denoting to a place, have generally been superseded by here, there, and where. But there is no good reason why they should not be employed. If, however, they are used, it is unnecessary to add the word to, because that is implied-" Whither are you going?" "Where are y u going?' Each of these sentences is complete. To say, "Where are you going to?" is redundant.

Two negatives destroy each other, and produce an affirmative. not observe them," conveys the idea that he did observe them.

"Nor did he

But negative assertions are allowable. "His manners are not impolite," which implies that his manners are in some degree marked by politeness. Instead of "Let you and I," say "Let you and me.'

Instead of "I am not so tall as him," say "I am not so tall as he."

When asked "Who is there?" do not answer " Me," but "I."

Instead of "For you and I," say

For

you and me."

Instead of "Says 1," say, "I said."

Instead of "You are taller than me," say "You are taller than I."
Instead of "I ain't," or "I arn't," say "I am not."

Instead of Whether I be present or no, say "Whether I be present or not."
For "Not that I know on, say

Instead of

Not that I know"

Was I to do so," say

Were I to do so.

Instead of "I would do the same if I was him," say "I would do the same if I were he "

Instead of "I had as lief go myself," say "I would as soon go myself," or "I would rather."

It is better to say "Six weeks ago," than "Six weeks back.".

It is better to say "Since which time," than "Since when."

It is better to say "I repeated it," than I said so over again."

Instead of "He was too young to have suffered much," say "He was too young to suffer much.

Instead of "Less friends," say "Fewer friends " Less refers to quantity.

Instead of "A quantity of people," say "A number of people."

Instead of "He and they we know," say "Him and them."

Instead of "As far as I can see," say "So far as I can see."

Instead of "A new pair of gloves, say "A pair of new gloves."

Instead of "I hope you'll think nothing on it," say "I hope you'll think nothing of it."

Instead of "Restore it back to me," say "Restore it to me. ""

Instead of "I suspect the veracity of his story," say "I doubt the truth of his

story."

Instead of "I seldom or ever see him," say "I seldom see him."

Instead of "I expected to have found him," say "I expected to find him." Instead of Who learns you music?" say "Who teaches you music?" Instead of "I never sing whenever I can help it," say "I never sing when I can help it."

Instead of "Before I do that I must first ask leave," say "Before I do that I must ask leave."

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