CRIMINAL STATISTICS OF FRANCE.

In our last volume we gave an account of the Report made to the King relative to the administration of civil justice in France. We shall now lay before our readers the substance of the Report on the Criminal Law for the year 1830,-a highly interesting document, conveying a much more accurate idea of the state of crime than our own Parliamentary or Government returns.

In 1830, the Cours d'Assises have tried 5,068 cases (6,962 prisoners), in which the parties pleaded not guilty, and 654 (787 prisoners) par

contumace.

This exhibits a decrease since 1829 of 451 cases, and 388 prisoners. Of the 5,068 cases 3,910 were offences against property, and 1,158 offences against persons. The proportion of the latter crime is gradually decreasing.

The proportion of accused criminals in all France was, in 1829, one in 4,321; in 1830, one in 4576. The department of the Ain exhibits the smallest sum of crime, having only one in 17,081; while the department of the Seine, the numbers are one in 1,260.

Of 6,962, 5,608 were men and 1,354 women, being in the proportion of 19 in 100. In crimes against the person, women are in the proportion of 15 in 100; in other crimes, 21.

Out of the number above mentioned only 114 are under 16 years. There is a gradual diminution in the number of juvenile offenders.

With regard to education, 4,319 were unable either to read or write; 1,826 had been taught to read and write imperfectly; and 688 well; while 129 had received a superior education. About 61 in 100 could not read.

Crimes against property were in the proportion of 63 in 100; crimes against persons in the proportion of 59.

The Report then gives a statement of the different professions and occupations of the accused, which is too long to be extracted.

Of 6,962 persons accused, 2,832 were acquitted and 4,130 convicted. Of these the punishments were as follows:

To death

92

268

973

1,005

8

1,740

43

4,130

In capital convictions there is an increase of 3 on the last year, but a considerable diminution with regard to the three previous years.

The second part of the Report contains an account of the labours of the Correctional Tribunals, before which there were brought in 1830 139,035 cases (210,691 defendants), being an increase on the preceding year of 21,176 cases (34,464 defendants.) This increase arises from

the multiplication of offenders against the game laws, which has been caused by various circumstances in 1830. Ordinary misdemeanours, on the contrary, have sensibly diminished. Of those accused of misdemeanours 32,970 have been acquitted, and 177,721 convicted and punished as follows:

To imprisonment for one year, or more
for less than one year

To make amends
Offenders against the game laws

Youths under 16, detained with the view of

5,925 20,385 151,167

4

4,822 of the correctional sentences have been appealed against; 2,685 confirmed; 2,137 declared void, in whole or in part; of 1,156 defendants the sentence has been increased, while 1,768 have been either acquitted, or have procured a commutation of their sentences.

The statements in the Report respecting second offenders are curious. The proportion of these has been increasing.

În 1826 they were

756

Of the latter number 1,014 had been once before convicted; 240 twice; 80 three times; 20 four times; 8 five times; 3 six times; 2 seven times; and 2 nine times; while one had actually been subjected one hundred and fifty times to correctional punishments. Of the 1,370 second offenders, in 1830, 197 were prosecuted for offences against the person, and 1090 for theft; of the latter 942 had been formerly convicted of theft. The proportion of second offenders in the prison at Brest is 34 in 100; in Toulon, 32; in Rochefort, 31; and in Lorient, only 16. The Report contains some highly valuable tables respecting second offenders. "These," says the Minister of Justice, "will furnish the means of modifying the discipline of our prisons, one of the principal objects of which ought to be the reformation of the prisoners."

The tables also contain accounts of the proceedings in matters of Police, and much other interesting information, which our limits will not permit us to detail.

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