to the queen, 1590; an unsuccessful candidate for the office of solicitor- general, 1594; received from his friend, the Earl of Essex, an estate worth in our money, to-day, $40,000; obliged by his position to appear against Essex in his trial for treason; knighted, 1603; solicitor-general, 1607; attorney-gen- eral, 1613; keeper of the great seal, 1617; lord high chancellor, 1618; Baron Verulam, 1618; Viscount Saint Albans, 1619; Novum Organum, a part of the Instauratio Magna, or Great Resto- ration, 1620; accused of taking bribes, by one Waynham, against whom he had decided a suit in chancery; sen- tenced, 1621, to pay £40,000 and to im- prisonment; fine remitted and he set at liberty by the king; d. 1626.
98, 99, 104-107 Bæda, b. in the county of Durham, 672; placed at the age of seven under Benedict Biscop, in the monastery of Wearmouth; deacon at nineteen and priest at thirty; lived at Jarrow (Yarrow); d. 735..
Barbour, John, b. 1316, at Aberdeen; became archdeacon of Aberdeen; vis- ited Oxford to complete his studies; d. 1396.... Barrow, Isaac, b. in London, 1630; M.A. at Cambridge in 1652; ordained, and made professor of Greek at Cam- bridge, 1660; professor of mathemat- ics, 1663; resigned in favor of his pupil, Isaac Newton, 1669; master of Trinity College in 1672; d. 1677......201 Baxter, Richard, b. in Shropshire, 1615; ordained, 1638; vicar of Kidder- minster, 1640; chaplain to one of Crom- well's regiments, 1645; Saint's Ever- lasting Rest, 1649; chaplain to Charles II., 1660; refused the offer of a bish- opric; ejected from the Anglican Church by Act of Uniformity, 1662; fined 500 marks by Jeffries on charge of sedition, 1685; imprisoned 18 months for non-payment; his works are 168 in all; d. 1691.....
.244, 247 Beaumont & Fletcher, the one b. 1586 in Leicestershire; educated at Ox- ford; studied law; d. 1616. The other b. in Northamptonshire 1576; edu- cated at Cambridge: and d. 1625; as- sociated in authorship, producing a great number of plays. F. wrote after the death of B..... ..146, 147 Bentham, Jeremy, b. in London, 1748; graduated at Oxford, 1766; admitted to the bar, 1772; Fragment on Govern- ment, 1776; Introduction to the Prin- ciples of Morals and Legislation, 1789; he made utility the test and measure of virtue, and held that laws should promote the greatest happiness of the greatest number; published other works; Macaulay says he found juris- prudence a gibberish and left it a science; d. 1832... Beowulf..
Berkeley, Bishop, b. at Kilcrin, Ire- land, 1684; New Theory of Vision, 1709, and Principles of Human Knowl- edge, 1710; Dean of Derry, 1724; came to this country,1728, to found a college; preached two years in Newport; abandoned the project of a college and returned; Minute Philosopher, 1732; bishop of Cloyne, 1734; d. 1753..219. Berners, Lord, educated at Oxford; travelled abroad; governor of Calais under Henry VIII.; chancellor of the exchequer; translated Froissart and other works; d. 1532.. Blackstone, Sir Wm. Blair, Robert. Blake, Wm.
Blank-Verse.
Blind Harry. Bloomfield, Robt.. Boswell Boyle, Robt..
Bronte, Charlotte (Currer Bell), b at Thornton, 1816; taught school; went to Brussels; she and her sisters pub- lished a volume of poems, 1846; her Jane Eyre, 1847; Shirley, 1849; Villette, 1852; The Professor, 1856; married Rev. A. B. Nichols, 1854; d. 1855...277
Browne, William. Browning, Mrs. Elizabeth Barrett, b. near Ledbury, 1809; Prometheus Bound, 1833; Romaunt of the Page, 1839; two volumes of poems, 1844; mar- ried Robert Browning, 1846; Casa Guidi Windows, 1851; Aurora Leigh, 1856; d. 1861... Browning, Robert, b. at Camberwell, 1812; educated at the University of London; Paracelsus, 1835; two volumes of poems, 1849; Men and Women, 1855; Ring and the Book, 1868..382, 383. Bryant, William Cullen, biography and works, see text... Buckingham, Duke of.. ........194 Bulwer, Baron Lytton, b. in Norfolk, 1805; graduated at Cambridge, 1826; visited France, and on his return pub- lished Falkland, 1827; Pelham, 1829; M. P. for St. Ives, 1831, and repre- sented the city of Lincoln, 1832-41; Last Days of Pompeii, 1834; Rienzi and many other novels and dramas, as Richelieu and Lady of Lyons, followed; knighted, 1838; Lord Rector of Glas- gow, 1856; became a peer, 1866; d. 1873...
.277 Bunyan, John, b. at Elstow, 1628; learned the trade of a tinker; served in the Parliamentary army, 1645; a Baptist preacher, 1655; sentenced to transportation as a promoter of seditious assemblies, sentence not executed; imprisoned in Bedford jail, 1660-1672; Pilgrim's Progress, 1678- 84; Holy War, 1684; author of sixty volumes, great and small; d. 1688. 172, 173, 176-9
Burke, Edmund, b. in Dublin, 1729; en- tered Trinity College, Dublin; studied law in England; Vindication of Na- tional Society, 1756; essay on the Sub- lime and Beautiful, 1757; M. P. for Wendower, 1765, re-elected, 1768; made
a speech on American taxation in 1774; M. P. for Bristol, 1774; another great speech on the American question, 1775; paymaster of the forces, 1782; spoke on the East India Bill, 1783; on the debts of the nabob of Arcot, 1785; was leading manager in the impeach- ment of Hastings begun 1787; made his memorable speech in 1788; Reflec- tions on the Revolution in France, 1790; d. 1797.. ..239, 240, 242, 308. Burnet, Bishop. 201, 204 Burney, Miss, b. at Lynn-Regis, 1752; daughter of Dr. Charles Burney, an eminent musician; moved to London, 1760; father intimate with Johnson, Burke, etc.; she produced Evelina, 1778; Cecilia, 1782; she was made second keeper of the robes of Queen Charlotte, 1786; married to Count D'Arblay, 1793; d. at Bath in 1840.
Burns, Robert, b. near Ayr, Scotland, 1759; moved with his father to Mount Oliphant and to Lochlea; educated mostly at home; after his father's death, he moved, 1784, to Mossgiel; wrote many of his best poems, 1784-6; published a volume of them in 1786; resolved to migrate to the West In- dies, but the success of his book led him to abandon his resolution; was lionized in Edinburgh during the winter of '86 and '87; second edition of his poems, published in Edinburgh, brought him £500; made several tours in Scotland during 1787; spent the next winter in Edinburgh; took the farm of Ellisland near Dumfries; became an exciseman to eke out his fortune, and afterwards removed to Dumfries, where he died, 1796... Burton, Robert, b. at Lindley, 1576; educated at Oxford; vicar of St. Thomas, Oxford, 1616; Anatomy of Melancholy, 1621; an "amusing and in- structive medley of quotations and classical anecdotes," says Byron, com- posed to cure himself of melancholy; rector of Segrave, 1628; d. 1639.....152 Butler, Bishop, b. at Wantage, 1692,
entered Oxford in 1714; preacher at the Rolls Chapel, 1718; obtained the rich living of Stanhope, 1725; chaplain to Lord Chancellor Talbot, 1733; bishop of Bristol, 1738, and of Dur- ham, 1750; d. 1752. His Analogy, 1736, Lord Brougham says, is "the most argumentative and philosophical defence of Christianity ever submit- ted to the world.".. .........201 Butler, Samuel, b. in Worcestershire, about 1600; entered the service of Sir Sam. Luke, an officer under Cromwell, supposed to be the original of Hudi- bras in the poem; parts of Hudibras, 1663, 1664, 1678; hostile to the Puri- tans; d. 1680.. Byron, George Gordon, b. in Lon- don, 1788; became Lord Byron by the death of a grand uncle, 1798; went to Trinity College, Cambridge, 1805, where he remained two years; Hours of Idleness, 1807; attacked in the Ed. Rev., and he replied in the English Bards and Scotch Reviewers, 1807; took a two years' tour through Portu- gal, Spain, Turkey, and Greece; cantos I. and II. of Childe Harold, 1812, and awoke one morning to find himself famous; in the House of Lords: published many of his poems; married Miss Millbanke, 1815; she left him with their little daughter, and Byron never saw either again; left for the continent, 1816; wrote canto III. of Childe Harold at Geneva; lived awhile in Venice, and then at Ra- venna, Pisa, Genoa; wrote canto IV. of Childe Harold, and other poems, while in Italy; left Italy for Greece in 1823; d. at Missolonghi, 1824.....361-71. Cædmon, a native of Northumbria; originally a cow-herd; entered the monastery at Whitby; wrote a Para- phrase of portions of the Bible; d. about 680.... 26-28
Campbell, Thos., b. at Glasgow, 1777; educated at the Grammar-School and the University; Pleasures of Hope, 1799; secured a pension of £200; Poems, 1803; Rector of the University,
Carlyle, Thomas, b. at Ecclefechan, Scotland, 1795; entered the University of Edinburgh, 1809 or 1810, where he remained seven years; married Miss Welch, 1825, and settled on a farm in his native county; Life of Schiller, 1824, and a translation of Goethe's William Meister; Sartor Resartus, 1834; removed to London that year; History of the French Revolution, 1837; delivered lectures on Heroes and Hero- worship, in London, 1840; five volumes of Essays entitled Miscellanies, 1839 or '40; Life of Sterling, 1851; and Life of Frederick the Great, 1858-64; d. 1881..... ..279, 308-15 Caxton, b. about 1412; a London mer- chant; lived 30 years from 1441 in the Low Countries; learned the art of printing there; first book printed by him was a translation from the French -The Game and Play of the Chess; translated, wrote, and printed indus- triously; in all he published 64 vol- umes; d. 1491......... Chalkhill.. Chapman, George, b. 1557; enjoyed the society and friendship of Spenser and Shakespeare; published transla- tions of the Iliad, 1598, and of the Odyssey, 1614; wrote many comedies and tragedies; and d. 1634.... 120, 148-9 Chatterton, Thos. .244 Chaucer, b. in London, it is now thought, 1340; was page to Lionel, 3d son of Ed. III.: in the English army in France in 1359; valet of the king's chamber in 1367; employed on royal missions to Italy, France, and Flan- ders, 1370-80; held offices in the cus- toms for some years, from 1374; M.P. for Kent, 1386; dismissed from his place in the customs, 1386; received other appointments, 1389; lost them
Clarendon, Earl of (Edward Hyde), born at Dinton, 1608; educated at Ox- ford; member of the Long Parliament; of the popular party at first, after- ward a royalist; chancellor of the exchequer, and privy councillor, 1643; with Charles in his long exile in France and Holland; prime minister and lord chancellor, 1660; Earl of Clarendon, 1661; impeached and ban- ished, 1667; d. at Rouen, 1674. Anne, his daughter, was married to the Duke of York, afterwards James II.......204 Clough, Arthur Hugh, b. at Liver- pool, 1819; some years of his childhood spent in this country; educated at Rugby and Oxford; Principal of Uni- versity Hill, London; visited U. S. again, 1852; held a post in the Educa- tion Office; Poems appeared, 1840-50; d. at Florence, 1861.. .383 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor,b.at Ottery Saint Mary, 1772; entered Jesus Col- lege, Cambridge, 1790, but left with- out a degree; resolved to migrate with Southey to America and found a republic, or pantisocracy, but did not do it; lectured on moral and political subjects at Bristol, 1795; preached a little for the Unitarians; visited Ger- many with Wordsworth, 1798; in 1800 removed to the Lake district, where Southey and Wordsworth were; in 1805 renounced Unitarianism for Epis- copacy; lectured on Shakespeare and the fine arts at the Royal Institution, 1808; in 1810 left his wife and daughter for Southey to support; began tak- ing opium to excess; d. 1834.
Exeter, 1551; imprisoned and exiled; returned about 1558; d. 1565..... 74 Cowley, Abraham, b. in London, 1618; a volume of poems, 1633; entered Cambridge, 1636; ejected as a royalist, 1643; went with the queen to Paris 1646; the agent of the cipher-corre- spondence between her and Charles I.; failed of the expected reward at the Restoration; numerous poems and writings in prose; settled at Chertsey as a farmer, 1665; d. 1667.
164, 191 Cowper, William, b. at Great Berk- hamstead, 1731; educated at a private school and at Westminster; articled to a solicitor, a Mr. Chapman; excite- ment produced by his appointment to two clerkships in the House of Lords, and his disappointment because Ashly Cowper refused him his daughter in marriage prepared the way for an attack of insanity, 1763; became ac- quainted with the Unwins at Hunting- don; after Mr. Unwin's death in 1767, he removed with the family to Olney; wrote the Olney Hymns there; Table Talk and other poems, 1782; The Task and other poems, 1785; his Translation of Homer, 1791; d. 1800... Crabbe, George, b. at Aldborough, 1754; went to London; assisted by Edmund Burke; The Library. 1781; ordained, 1782; The Village, 1783; Par- ish Register, 1807; The Borough, 1810; Tales in Verse, 1812; Tales of the Hall, 1819; d. 1832. 339 Cranmer, Thomas, born at Aslacton, Nottinghamshire, 1489; a fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge: chaplain to Henry VIII.; went to Rome to se- cure the pope's assent to Henry's divorce from Catharine; Archbishop of Canterbury.1533; excommunicated, 1555; recanted, but was burnt at the stake, 1556.
Crashaw
Crowne, John.. Coryat
Cynewulf, a monk at Winchester; ab- bot of Peterborough about 992; d. 1008.
Authorities concerning him disagree.
Daniel, Samuel, b. at Taunton, 1562; educated at Oxford; lived in London; associated with Shakespeare; tutor to Anne Clifford, Countess of Pembroke; master of the queen's revels, 1603; said to have succeeded Spenser as poet-laureate; d. 1619... .99, 118 Davenant, b. at Oxford, 1605; poet- laureate, 1637; a royalist in the civil war, and knighted by Charles I., 1643; confined in the Tower, and owed his safety to Milton; d. 1688.........149, 191 Davies, Sir John, b in Wiltshire, 1570; graduated at Oxford; Nosce Teip- sum, 1599; solicitor-general of Ireland, 1603; attorney-general soon after; knighted, 1607; a work on the political state of Ireland, 1612; M. P., 1621; lord chief-justice, 1626; d. 1626... ...119 Defoe, Daniel, b. in London, 1663; joined the rebels under Monmouth, 1685; became a tradesman; wrote countless pamphlets; Robinson Cru- soe, 1719; for his ironical Shortest Way with Dissenters, fined, pilloried, and imprisoned; helped to promote the union of Scotland with England; d. 1731.....
Denham, Sir John... De Quincey, Thos., b. at Manchester, 1785; so mastered Greek at Bath that his teacher said he could harangue an Athenian mob; ran away in 1802 from the grammar-school of Manchester; lived in obscurity and great poverty in London: entered Oxford, 1803, where he remained five years; con- tracted there the habit of taking opium; lived twenty years at Gras- mere; married, 1816; gave himself to literary pursuits, writing mostly essays for the magazines on philosophical, biographical, and other topics; lived also in Glasgow and Edinburgh; d. 1859.. .308, 315-19 Dickens, Charles, b. at Landport, Portsmouth, 1812; studied in a college near Rochester; in an attorney's of- fice; became a reporter for the Morn-
ing Chronicle; Sketches by Boz, 1836; Pickwick Papers, 1837; Oliver Twist, 1838; Nicholas Nickleby, 1839; visited the United States 1841; and American Notes and Martin Chuzzlewit, describ- ing life and character here, followed; his other novels appeared between 1840 and 1865; chief editor for a while of Daily News, 1845; started House- hold Words, a weekly periodical, 1850; All the Year Round, 1859; made a sec- ond visit to the United States, 1867, and read from his works in all the principal cities; d. 1870, leaving Edwin Drood unfinished.. .278, 301-7 Distribution of the Language and Literature. 23
Donne, John, 162. Douglas, Gawin, b. 1474; finished his education at the University of Paris and entered the Church: became bish- op of Dunkeld, 1515; d. 1522......84, 85 Drayton.... Drummond
Dryden, John, b. at Aldwinkle, 1631; a pupil of Dr. Busby; entered Cam- bridge 1650; M.A. 1657; married Lady Howard, daughter of Earl of Berk- shire, 1663; wrote poems from 1680 on; Poet-laureate, 1688, salary £200 a year; d. 1700, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. .192-4, 196-200 Dunbar, b. at Salton, Scotland, about 1465; a Franciscan friar and preacher; employed by James IV. as secretary of embassy; received a small pension; The Thistle and the Rose, 1503; d. 1530.
« ForrigeFortsæt » |