BY THE ARMED FORCES OF THE BY MILTON OFFUTT A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Board of University Studies of the Johns 1927 BALTIMORE PREFACE This study of the protection of citizens abroad by the armed forces of the United States has been limited to a consideration of those occasions upon which American forces have operated on foreign soil or have engaged in actual hostilities with the troops or citizens of another nation within the jurisdiction of the foreign state. It takes no account of the much more numerous incidents in which protection to American citizens abroad was afforded simply by a display of force. The unexpectedly large number of cases requiring consideration has made it necessary to compress almost to curtness many of the accounts of such incidents and to indicate only briefly their diplomatic and political backgrounds. In general it has seemed advisable to treat at greater length such cases as are comparatively little known or the sources for which are not everywhere obtainable, and to deal more briefly with the well known incidents. The writer wishes to express his sincere thanks for the kind assistance and consideration of Dr. John Holladay Latané, under whose inspiration and direction this study was attempted; and for the friendly interest of Dr. John Martin Vincent and Dr. Edward Raymond Turner. M. O. |