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After, or since, 313, 332.
redundant, 319.
Aged, or old, 385.

Aggravate, or irritate, provoke, 219.
Aggravating, or irritating, 219.
Aggravation, or irritation, 219.
Agone, for ago, 15.

Agree to, upon, with, 314.
Ain't, 142.

Al fresco, for outdoor, 10.
Alight, principal parts of, 152.
Alive to, 314.

Alkali, origin of, 10.

All, or each, or every one, 122–123.
or the whole, 89.
redundant, 297.

with comparatives and superla-
tives, 263, 278, 295-296.

Allegory, defined, 519.
Alleviate, or relieve, 215.
Alliteration, defined, 526 n.

Allow, for assert or suppose, 11.
Allude, or refer, 86.

Allusion, or reference, 86.
Almost, as adjective, 290.

most for, 254.

Alms, singular or plural, 58.

Alone, or only, 261.

Along these lines, overworked, 381.
Alumna, plural of, 63.
Alumnus, plural of, 63.

Ambiguity. See Clearness, Obscurity.
Amendment, 386.

American and British usage, 11-12.
Among, misused, 305-306.

or between, 307–308.

Amount, quantity, or number, 94.
An.
See A or an.

Analogy, argument from, 514-515.
Analysis, plural of, 64.
Anarchist, 69.

Ancient, or old, 385.

And, with relative clause, 338, 479-

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Any, with comparatives and superla.
tives, 263, 278. See All, Other.
Any one, he and his with, 132, 135-136.
or either, 122.

Any one who, or whoever, 112.

Any place else, for anywhere else, 256-
257.

Anybody, he and his with, 136.

with comparatives, 300.

Anybody else's, or anybody's else, 47.
Anywheres, for anywhere, 252.
Apostrophe, misuse of, 107.
place of, 44-45.

uses of, 24, 29, 33, 44.
Apostrophe, figure of speech, 521.
Apparatus, plural of, 63.
Apparently, evidently, manifestly, 285.
Appearance, resemblance in, mislead-
ing, 71-86, 211-219, 266-276.
Apt, likely, or liable, 268.
Arabic, words from the, 10, 385.
Arcanum, plural of, 65.
Archaic words, defined, 9.
Aren't I, 142 n.

Argue, or plead, 92.

Argument, or plea, 91-92.

form of discourse, 511-518.

Arise, or rise, 212.

Arnold, Matthew, 18, 35, 380.
Around (or round), or about, 280.
Arrangement. See Order, Position.
Arrive to, for come to, 393.
Articles, 241-251.

a or an, 241-243.

a (or an) or one, 245.
a (or an) or the, 243-244.
omitted, 249-251.
or this, 245-246.
redundant, 246-249.

with gerunds, 247-248, 323.

As, after same and such, 128-129.
for that, 325.

for who, 107.

or because, for, since, 327-328.
or like, 325.

or so, as correlative, 282.

As follows, 16.

As if, or like, 326.

subjunctive required with, 194–196.
As it were, 16.

As well as, in relation to subject of
verb, 200.

Ask, or demand, 393.

Asparagus, or sparrow-grass, 13.
Assent to, 314.

Assert, or allow, calculate, reckon, 11.
or claim, declare, maintain, con-
tend, 220-221.

or state, 94.

Assertion, or statement, 94.

Assets, plural, 58.

Assist at, for be present at, 393.
Associate together, 297.
Associate with, 314.
At, omitted, 322.
or in, 306.

or of, 311-312.

or to, 304, 306-307, 313.
or with, by, 307.

At arm's length, 50.
At his journey's end, 50.

At his tongue's end, 50.

At home, 304, 322.

At most, or at the most, 247.

At my wit's end, 50.

At present, or at the present, 247.
At sixes and sevens, 16.
At the point of, 312.
Ate, or eat, 146.
Atheist, 69.

Athletics, singular or plural, 59.
Athletics, dialect of, 11, 19, 236.
Atmosphere, overworked, 381.
Atone for, or condone, 226.
Attachment to, 314.

Attention, original meaning of, 402.
Attorney-general, plural of, 55.
Au fait, 391.

Austen, Jane, 380-381, 419, 453, 488, 490.
Authoress, 68.

Automaton, plural of, 66.
Automobile, 386.

Avail of, 140, 229.

Average, or ordinary, 285.

Averse to or from, 314.

Avocation, or vocation, 73.
Await, or wait, 212, 319.

Awake, principal parts of, 152.
Away, redundant, 298.
Awfully, overworked, 381.

Axiomatic, absolute adjective, 264.

Bacillus, plural of, 63.
Back of, for behind, 317.

Bacterium, plural of, 65.
Bad, for badly, 252, 259.
Bade, or bid, 145.
Baggage, or luggage, 12.

Balance, for rest or remainder, 12, 87.
Balanced sentence, 473. See Antithesis.
Bandit, plural of, 63.
Barbaric, or barbarous, 272.
Barbarism, defined, 520.
Barge, for omnibus, 10.

Bas-bleu, for blue-stocking, 10.
Be, forms of, omitted, 240.
subjunctive of, 194-197.
Beaconsfield, Lord, 453.
Beastly, overworked, 380.
Beau, plural of, 63.

Beau idéal, 391.

Because, ambiguous, 436, 440.
awkward, 478.

or as, for, since, 327-328.
Beck and call, 15.

Bed's foot, 50.

Befit, principal parts of, 152.
Begin, or commence, 226.
principal parts of, 152.

Beginnings and endings of sentences,
458-463, 489-490.

Behave, requires qualifying word, 300.
Being built, or building, 452.
Being carried, or carrying, 453.
Being done, or doing, 452.
Being made, or making, 452.

Being performed, or performing, 453.
Being prepared, or preparing, 452.
Being showered, or showering, 452.
Being tutored, or tutoring, 453.
Bellows, plural, 58.

Beseech, principal parts of, 152.
Beside, or besides, 307.

Bête noire, for bugbear, 10.
Better, with had, 15-16, 239.

with might or were, 16, 16 n.
with would, 143.
Between, misused, 308.

or among, 307-308.

Bible, 21, 46, 50, 58 n., 59 n., 61, 81, 93,
104, 114, 115, 136, 155, 160, 161,
162, 163, 165, 169, 170, 178, 192-
193, 243, 253, 261, 286, 319, 325,
326, 339.

Bicycle, 10, 13, 70.
Bid, or bade, 145.

principal parts of, 145.
Big words, 386–390.
Bike, for bicycle, 69-70.
Billiards, plural, 58.
Biscuit, plural of, 56.
Bitters, plural, 58.
Blend with, 314.

Bloody, or sanguinary, 385.
Blow, principal parts of, 152.
Blue-stocking, or bas-bleu, 10.
Bog, origin of, 385.

Booking-office, or ticket-office, 11.
Bookish words, 382-384.
Boom, origin of, 385.
Boor, origin of, 385.
Boresome, for irksome, 289.
Botanist, 69.

Both, for each, 279.

of three or more, 328.
redundant, 297, 338.
the two for, 107.

Both...

and, 250, 443.

Bouderie, for sulkiness, 391.
Boughten, for bought, 289.

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Bring up, 298.

Cable, for message by cable, 102.
Cablegram, 103.
Cadaver, 11.

Cæsar, 483.

Cæsura, defined, 527.

Calculate, for assert or suppose, 11
Calisthenics, singular or plural, 59,
Call, origin of, 385.
Call in question, 310.
Campus, 11.

Can, or may, 154-158.

Can but, or cannot but, 302-303.
Canned, or tinned (food), 11.
Can't, for can not, 142.

Cap, for captain, 70.

British and American usage in words, Capacity, or ability, 91.

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By your leave, 50.

Captivate, or capture, 215.

Carcass, 15.

Careful, to be, or to watch out, 11.

Carlyle, Thomas, 402, 447, 472.
Carroll, Lewis, 16-17, 177, 178.

Carry, for keep, 143.

or bring, fetch, 220.
tote or pack for, 11.

Cart, 9.

Carven, for carved, 10.

Case, before a gerund, 52-53, 119–121.
nominative or objective, of pro
nouns, 108-112.

objective or possessive, of nouns

and pronouns, 46, 49, 50-52.
possessive, of nouns, 44-54.

possessive, of pronouns, 107, 119-121.
Cash, origin of, 385.
Cask, origin of, 385.
Cast up, 298.

"Catholic World,” 21.
Cattle, plural, 58.
Caucus, origin of, 10.
Cayman, plural of, 54.
Celtic, words from the, 385.
Centre, or middle, 92.

Century Dictionary, 21 n.,

24 n.,

74 n.,

93, 100 n., 145 n., 227 n., 231 n.,
233 n.,
261 n., 287 n.

232 n.,

Ceremonial, or ceremonious, 77-78.
Ceremonial, or ceremony, 77.

Certain, certainly, capable of compari-
son, 265.

Change, of construction, 479.

of point of view, 359-361, 425-427.
of pronoun, 131-134.

Change for (a thing), 314.
Change with (a person), 314.
Character, or reputation, 92.

Byron, Lord, 88, 104, 112, 113, 147, 396, Characteristic of, 314.

397, 399, 403, 404, 405.

Cab, for cabriolet, 70.

origin of. 385.

Charge to (a person), 314.
Charge with (a crime), 314.

Chaste, overworked, 381.
Chaucer, Geoffrey, 386.

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Cherub, plural of, 66.

Chesnutt, C. W., 122.

Chinese, words from the, 385.

Choate, Rufus, 379.

Choice, or election, selection, 385.

Choice of words, as affecting clear-
ness, 431-438.

as affecting ease, 471-485.
as affecting force, 448-454.
principles of, 410–411.
See Words.

Choose, principal parts of, 152.
Chromatics, singular or plural, 59.

Chum, for chamber-fellow, 70.
Churchill, Winston, 380 n.
Churchman, plural of, 54.
Cicero, 483.

Circular, as noun, 105.

Circumlocution, defined, 520.
Civics, singular or plural, 59.

Claim, or assert, declare, maintain,
contend, 220-221.

Clarendon, Lord, 369.

Class, treated as singular, 256.
Clauses, conditional, 169, 176-177, 192-
197.

dependent, 166-172,174-177,185-187.
position of, 443-445,458-462,491-492.
relative, 26, 170, 451, 492.
See Relative pronoun, Sentences.
Clean-cut, clear-cut, overworked, 381.
Clearness, 412, 431-446.

affected by choice of words, 431-438.
affected by number of words, 438-
441.

affected by order of words, 441-446.
defined, 413.

importance of, 431.

in exposition, 510-511.
See Obscurity.

Clergyman, or divine, 87.

Clerk, as verb, 234.

Clever, 12.

College dialect, 11, 453.
Collegiate, as noun, 103.
Collins, William, 404-405.

Colloquial language, how it gets into
literary use, 13.

preferable to bookish, 382.
subjunctive in, 193–194.
with literary, 410.

words excusable in, 13, 136, 142–143.
Colman, George, 161.

Colon, uses of, 24, 27, 30, 32.
Combine, as noun, 102.
Come, principal parts of, 152.
Come and, 16.

Come at, misused, 306-307.

Comma, uses of, 24, 25-27, 31-32, 34 n.
Commence, or begin, 226.

Commensal, for table-companion, 393.
Commercial English, 139, 143, 324.
See Business dialect.

Committee, singular or plural, 205.
Common, or mutual, 278.
Common words, 14.

Comparative or superlative degree,
262-263.

Comparatives, double, 254.
Compare to or with, 314.
Comparison, adjectives and adverbs
incapable of, 264-265.
Complected, for complexioned, 253.
Complete, capable of comparison, 265.
Completeness, or completion, 78.
Comply with, 314.

Compo, for composition, 70.
Composition, defined by Ruskin, 412.
essential qualities defined, 412-414.
essentials of, 343-493.
kinds of, 496-518.

See Clearness, Ease, Force, Unity.
Compromise, 386.
Con over, 319.

Concern, misused, 230.

Conclusively, absolute adverb, 264.
Condign, misused, 277.

Conditional clauses, indicative or sub-

junctive in, 192–197.

shall and will in, 169.

should and would in, 176–177.

Condone, or atone for, 226.
Conduct (verb), misused, 140.
Conductress, 68.

Climatic, or climactic, 272.

Climax, 465-468, 469.

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Confab, for confabulation, 70.
Confer on, confer with, 314.

Coincide with, 314.

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tives with, 256.

relatives with, 125.

verbs with, 204-205.

Confess, or admit, 221.
Confide in, confide to, 314.
Conform to, 314.

Collective nouns, demonstrative adjec- Conformity with or to, 314.

Confronted by or with, 314.
Cong, for congressman, 70.

'Congressional Record," 194

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Conjecture, expect, or suppose, 222.
Conjunctions, 325-340.
ambiguous, 436-437.
Coleridge on use of, 327.
in emphatic places, 340, 488.
misused, 327-337.

not always needed, 334, 436.
omitted, 339-340.

prohibitory, 170, 177.

redundant, 338–339.

vulgarisms, 325-326.

weak use of, 449–450.
would-be, 337.

See Connectives.

Connectives, between sentences, 356-
359, 361-362.

wise choice of, useful to force, 449.
See Conjunctions, Correlatives.
Conscience, for conscientiousness, 15.
inwit for, 15.

Conscience' sake, for, 46.

Consensus of opinion, overworked, 381.
Consider of, 304.

Consols, for consolidated annuities, 70.
Constituents, 386.
Constitute, 386.

Constitutional, as noun, 103-104.
Construct, or construe, 215.
Construction, and which, 338, 479-481.
change of, 479.
clumsy, 477-482.

English and un-English, 482-485.
Construe, or construct, 215.

Contend, or claim, assert, declare,
maintain, 221.

Continually, absolute adverb, 264.
Contractions, allowable, 107, 142-143.
Contrast with, 314.

Convene, or convoke, 226.
Convenient for or to, 314.
Convention, 386.

Conversant with, 314.
Conversation.

guage.

Countess, 68.

Coup de soleil, for sunstroke, 10.
Court martial, plural of, 55.

Courtesy, rule of, in use of shall and
will, 159, 172.

Cowper, William, 21, 35, 156, 232, 233.
Crave for, 319.

Credible, or creditable, 272.
Credit, or accredit, 211.

Crisis, plural of, 64.
Criterion, plural of, 66.
Criticism, value of, 411.
Crocus, plural of, 63.
Cultivate, or culture, 78.
Cultivation, or culture, 78.
Culture, or cultivate, 78.

overworked by Matthew Arnold,380.
Cunning, misused, 277.
Cupful, plural of, 54.
Cure of, for outgrow, 143.
Curios, for curiosities, 70.
Curriculum, plural of, 65.
Curry favor, 15.
Custom, or habit, 92.
Cut in halves, 310.
Cut on the bias, 11.
Cute, 277.

Daguerreotype, origin of, 10.
Dangling words, 423-425, 479.
Dash, uses of, 24, 28, 29, 30, 33.
Dash in pieces, 310.
Datum, plural of, 65.
Day's march, 50.

De Quincey, Thomas, 257, 294, 376 n..
386, 468.

De Vinne, T. L., 33 n.
Deaconess, 68.

Dead, or deceased, 385.
Deadly, or deathly, 272.
Deadly tube, for gun, 397.
Deceased, or dead, 385.

See Colloquial lan- Deceit, or deception, 78.

Convoke, or convene, 226.

Cooper, J. F., 19.

Copyist, 69.

Cork, origin of, 385.

Corn, or maize, 11.

Corner of the fire, for chimney-corner,
393.

Corp, for corporal, 70.

Correct, capable of comparison, 265.
Correlatives, 250, 330, 443.
Correspond to or with (a thing), 314.
Correspond with (a person), 314.
Could, or might, 154-158.

to express inclination, 155.
Could but, or could not but, 302-303.
Council, or counsci, 78.

Decided, or decisive, 266.

Decisive, absolute adjective, 264.
or decided, 266.

Declaration of Independence, 92.
Declare, or assert, maintain, contend,
claim, 220-221.

Deep, as adverb, 260.

Deer, both singular and plural, 56.
Definite, or definitive, 266.
Defoe, Daniel, 160, 369.
Degrade, or demean, 221-222.
Demand, for ask, 393.

Demean, or debase, degrade, lower,
221-222.

Dependent clauses, tenses in, 185–187.
shall and will, should and would, in,
166-172, 174-177.

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