Mr. Metcalf (with whom was Mr. Beasley), instructed by the Commissioners in Lunacy, informed the Court that the defendant had transgressed the law by receiving into his house at Hanwell the son of a clergyman, at the charge of £130 per year without the proper order.

Mr. Poland addressed the Common Serjeant for the defendant, and called Dr. Jenner, Physician in Ordinary to the Queen; Mr. Pollock, Surgeon to his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales; and Mr. Holmes, surgeon, who gave the defendant the highest possible character both for his professional ability and as a gentleman. They severally expressed their belief that he was a person who was incapable of a dishonourable action.

The Common Serjeant said that it was a very proper matter for the Commissioners to take up, and he considered that in thus bringing it forward they had done that which was sufficient. It would be his pleasing duty to allow the case to stop here upon the defendant entering into his recognisance for £100. He was sure that there would be no fresh cause of complaint against the defendant.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE MEDICAL PRESS AND CIRCULAR.

SIR,-All modern medical teaching has been thrown into the shade by the astounding information in one of your contemporaries that "the radiation of yellow fever from St. Thomas to the English coast has not ceased." Who may be the fortunate sarant whom the world has to thank for demonstrating that yellow fever emanates from rays, the curious in science will be anxious to know. The description of rays, with illustrations, &c., &c., will, doubtless, shortly follow, and thus prevent inquirers being kept in unnecessary suspense. Communications in the same number favour the impression that the water contamination mania, bearing on the propagation of cholera, is beginning to admit of something like a return to a low form of com

mon sense.

The water drinkers cannot admit that even in the cholera districts they died in the average proportion, and I congratu late them that they practically ignore by their protests the unscientific and feebly supported assertions on the question.

The much lamented Dr. Snow may be regarded as the propounder of the water contamination theory, founded mainly on the outbreak of cholera near Golden-square, London, which was supposed to have originated, and very generally believed (consequent on the constant repetition, both in medical and non-medical circles), from contamination of the Broad-street pump water by the secretions of cholera patients, and apparently confirmed by the oft-repeated assertion that the arrest of the disease was due to the locking up of the said pump. The locking up of the pump had about the same amount of influence in arresting the disease that the drinking of the water had in its sudden irruption, as the water was not even suspected until the disease had begun to subside, which upon that theory it should not have done, the water having necessarily become daily more contaminated and poisonous.

The same number of the journal to which I allude has also the temerity to re-proclaim another error :--

"Not the least curious fact in the epidemic part of the history of the year has been the repeated importation of yellow fever, extending in Swansea, in August last, to the general community, and causing fifteen deaths out of twenty cases." There was no yellow fever, extending in Swansea, in August last, to the general community, nor in any month of the past year, or of any other year. There was yellow fever in Swansea in September and October, 1865, but the deaths were not fifteen in twenty cases. Dr. Buchanan, appointed by the then Government to report on the outbreak of yellow fever at Swansea, remarks"That there were twelve centres from whence the disease, if it had been communicable from person to person, had the opportunity of spreading, and that many of these localities were perfectly adapted for the spread of contagious diseases, yet in no single instance out of all these did a single person get yellow fever, or any disease simulating it."

Thus is it demonstrated beyond a doubt that the disease did not spread to the general community.

With such examples before us, what dependence can be placed on the present teaching of a periodical which in years past could scarcely be accused of such superficiality and scientific inaccuracy, whatever other charges might have been fairly launched against it ?—I am, sir, EDWIN HEARNE.

CLITORIDECTOMY.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE MEDICAL PRESS AND CIRCULAR.

SIR,-I had the best reasons for believing that a Committee of independent Fellows of the Obstetrical Society, in whom I have confidence, would have been proposed at the last meeting of the Society, and was sorry to find that the Council would not entertain the subject. I have now, therefore, written to the new Council to say, that if they will appoint a fair and impartial committee, I will place every facility in their hands for investigating my cases most rigidly. In the meantime, I feel confi. dent that the new President will not allow personalities and unjustifiable language to be used against any Fellow in future discussions; and I beg to remind all Fellows of the Society that I am in no way to be held accountable for any damage the Society may sustain by the discussion of Dr. Tanner's paper.-I am, sir, your obedient servant, I. BAKER BROWN.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE MEDICAL PRESS AND CIRCULAR.

SIR,-Not being an operator, it is not my intention to enter into the merits or demerits of this operation, the discussion being in much more able hands, but writing under the above heading, I feel in justice to my friend Mr. Baker Brown, I ought to state that he has performed that operation both in the Home and in private with my entire concurrence, and with marked benefit to my patients, who, I am satisfied, under medical treatment alone, would have remained in their distressing condition until now.

Dr. Greenhalgh in his letter published in the Lancet of the 29th ult., referring to his visits to the London Surgical Home, after paying a well-merited compliment to Mr. Baker Brown as an operator, goes on to say :-

"But I saw more than that, truth compels me to add that I saw there scenes and heard details which I will not further characterise than by saying, that I thenceforth advised my class never again to visit that Institution, and came to like resolution as regards myself."

This statement embodies a charge by insinuation of the gravest nature against some one or more belonging to or present at the Home; and as one of the late Medical Visitors, and a constant attendant at the operations for years, I feel I should be neglecting my duty, did I not notice this part of Dr. Greenhalgh's letter, my experience being the very reverse of his.

I have found the Home in every sense what its name implies, and it is not, and should not, be spoken of as an ordinary hospital. There gentlewomen, that would not go to a regular hospital, receive skilled medical and surgical attendance with careful nursing that would otherwise be beyond their reach, and not only has the Institution been recognised by royal favour after the test of personal inspection. But I have in my possession a mass of written evidence of its work, from medical men and grateful patients, who having been there, give as the result of their experience a very different verdict to that of Dr. Greenhalgh, and there is at this moment a lady patient of mine there who will fully confirm every word I have written in its praise.

In conclusion, I would ask Dr. Greenhalgh in fairness, to my self and the other gentlemen he has met there, to state fully what he either saw or heard, and when to justify him in debarr ing his class from the particular field of instruction, he and the profession from all parts of the world have been pleased so long to enjoy.-I am, sir, your obedient servant,

HOLT DUNN.

THE CLERKENWELL CASUAL WARDS.

THE following further correspondence has taken place on this subject in the Times:-

"SIR-I must beg your permission to point out grave misstatements made by a Clerkenwell guardian, Mr. John W. Hopkins, in his letter in the Times of this morning. I did not cross-examine, in any manner whatever, the porter relative to the charge of drunkenness which he made against the casuals, and his statement was that he suspected they were drunk because they were lounging against the wall,' and his testimony

that they staggered when going into the ward was entirely uncorroborated. The police-constable said he thought they had been drinking, but as he did not see them move, never spoke to them and only glanced at them once by means of his lantern, and as he was to some extent interested in establishing this view of the case, he having been reported to his superiors for certain neglect of duty in connection with the affair, his testimony does not go for much in this particular. But, let it be observed, he does not say the men were drunk, for he stated 'they were perfectly capable of taking care of themselves.' Both the porter and he allowed that not one word was said about the men being drunk, and I was the only person charged with being intoxicated, and that by the porter; for the policeman himself, the policeman on the next beat, and a tradesman who was brought to his door by an alarming fight in the neighbourhood-all attested to my perfeet freedom from the slightest influence of drink. The tradesman also expressed his conviction that the two men were sober, and had the charge of drunkenness been made against them I should have called attention to their condition. My evidence on this point, however, can be further supported, if the Poor-law Board should desire to be further convinced.

"I did cross-examine the porter about a statement made to the guardians by his superior, the superintendent, and considered by them as a perfectly satisfactory explanation" of the charge. This was, that the policeman had pronounced the casuals and their friend to be all three drunk.' The porter denied authorizing his superior to say so.

"The loud knocking at the door of the ward was only loud after repeated softer knocks, which was continued at intervals of a few minutes, and I was justified in knocking louder when no one answered the lower knocks. I measured from the place spoken of by the policeman as where he heard the knocking, and instead of its being 130 yards distant, I found it less than 80 fair paces-about half the distance stated by Mr. Hopkins. The guardians had left no other means of communicating with the inside than by knocking or hitting the door with the fist. "With regard to the steps I took to cause inquiry into this matter, I explained to the guardians that I took the readiest means that were at hand. The manner in which the majority of the guardians conducted themselves when I went uninvited on Thursday night (having previously communicated with the clerk), confirms me in my opinion that I took the best means. Of course I could not expect much courtesy from a body that, when called to order by the chairman on account of the Poorlaw Commissioner being present, had a member to exclaim, 'I don't care for the Poor-law Commissioners, or anybody else.' "Allow me to say, in regard to Mr. Hopkins's last statement, that I was officially informed the guardians would not permit any unofficial person to visit the wards.

"I can add another incident in illustration of 'man's inhumanity to man,' at the Clerkenwell casual wards. This evening on passing the wards at a little after five o'clock, I saw a poor ill-clad fellow waiting outside in the perishing cold of the streets. He told me he had made application for admission and had been told to come in another hour. I went and fetched a guardian, Mr. Poley, a gentleman whom I know to be a humane man. He knocked and asked the superintendent why the casual was not admitted. The superintendent owned to telling the man to come in another hour, and knew the Act of Parliament by heart, and quoted it to the effect that the casuals were to be relieved from six P.M. in these winter months; but he owned, on further interrogation, that there was nothing in the Act which rendered it imperative to keep the ill-clad wretches who seek this relief in the bitter cold. It turned out that the guardians, in their hearty desire and anxious wish," to quote Mr. Hopkins, to carry out the law, have provided no place for the men casuals to sit in, and they have been obliged to take their food in the open yard. place was found, at the instance of Mr. Poley, for the too early casuals to rest in, and a precedent established for taking others in.-I am, sir, your obedient servant, JOHN WHILE."

A

"SIR,-I hoped not to have troubled you with another letter, but the appearance of one in the Times of to-day from Mr. While has left me no alternative, I am still of the same opinion respecting the cases of the two applicants for admission—viz., that they were drunk, and consequently should not have been admitted into the casual wards, and I submit that my opinion is as likely to be correct and unbiased as Mr. While's, who was the plaintiff in the case, as we well know that persons in that position usually take views favourable to themselves.

"I do not consider that Mr. While has answered my letters in any particular, except that the distance I find from the casual ward outer door to Peartree-court to be on measurement 98 yards, and as I said about 130 yards, I made an error of 32 yards, but the fact of being heard by the policeman 98 yards proves that he had little regard for the slumbers of the many poor wayfarers sleeping in the wards at the time. He has given no reply as to my statement that the Clerkenwell guardians can have no interest in "keeping down the number of admissions" as that body is recouped by the Metropolitan Board, under the Houseless Poor Act, and his answer to my question, "Why he did not first make the Board of Guardians acquainted with the facts before he wrote to the Times" is weak and puerile. Mr. While admits all this tacidly by his proceeding, before he answered me, in search of fresh cruelties at the wards, in order to strengthen his reply to my letters. I repeat it, as one of the guardians, though Mr. While sneers and quotes my words, that it is our "hearty desire and earnest wish" that there shall be no infraction of the law in the management of our casual wards.

"In reply to the new case brought before your readers in Mr. While's letter of to-day, I beg to say that the poor fellow who is described as shivering in the forecourt of the Clerkenwell casual wards was a hale, hearty man, well-clothed, and had come from a vast distance-Hoxton! As to the reason he gave that he was not admitted, I submit that the legal hour had not arrived for his admission, as the Act of 28th Victoria, cap. 32, gives the hours of between six in the evening and eight in the morning in the months between October and March inclusive. In addition to this, allow me to inform you, sir, that Clerkenwell deals more mercifully with applicants for admission than other parishes. Islington, St. Luke's, Shoreditch, &c., compel all applicants to the casual wards to go to the police stations for orders, and I have seen thirty or forty poor wretches shivering outside the police stations awaiting orders, and to none are those orders given before six o'clock, and the police are thus employed by the sanction-yes, and the recommendation, of the Poor-law Board. Any of your readers can convince himself of the truth of my statement by visiting the police stations at that time.

"I deny that the casuals have to eat their food in the open yard; the place used for that purpose is an enclosed shed, not so warm and comfortable as it should be, but Mr. While knows that all the guardians have been compelled to make the best arrangements they could until they got a lease of the premises; besides which, when one of the Poor-law inspectors visited the place he made no objection to it, previous to his certifying as to the fitness of the establishment for its pur pose.

"Mr. While says nothing about the comfortable warm bath each has, nothing of the pint of hot gruel and lb. of bread, night and morning, each receives, nothing of the clean warm night shirt and comfortable bed on lath iron bedsteads and warm rugs to cover them, nothing of the genial gaslight— these things are never mentioned by writers of Mr. While's class, who have an eagle eye at finding out small defects, but are blind to such redeeming qualities as I have mentioned.

"I claim, sir, to have as warm a sympathy for the poor as he, and I shall be grateful to him, or any one, who will communicate any real ground of complaint against the officials of not only our casuals ward, but also of any other ramification of parochial Poor-Law Government in this parish. I shall not further reply.—Yours obediently,

JOHN W. HOPKINS, Guardian.

UNIVERSITY OF DUBLIN, TRINITY COLLEGE.

EXAMINATION FOR SURGICAL DEGREES.
MICHAELMAS, 1866.

DESCRIPTIVE AND SURGICAL ANATOMY.-PROFESSOR M'DOWEL 1. The relations of the lachrymal sac?

2. Describe the temporal muscle, and mention its relations. 3. Give a description of the temporal arteries and nerves, and mention the several sources from which they arise.

4. The meaning of the term amphiarthrosis? Give the most remarkable examples of it in man.

5. In what situations on the cranium is the application of the trephine inadmissible?

6. Describe the linea alba, and mention the operations which it may be requisite to perform in this region.

7. Describe the progressive stages of ossification of the humerus.

8. Describe, anatomically, the successive steps of the opera tion of ovariotomy.

9. The relations of the femoral artery in Scarpa's triangle? 10. Describe the method of removal of the eyeball by enucleation.

DR. ADAMS.

1. The symptoms of a stricture of the oesophagus?

2. With what affection might organic stricture of the œsophagus be confounded?

3. State the post-mortem appearances of stricture of the œsophagus; and what other organs besides the oesophagus are usually found implicated.

4. Give the symptoms of organic stricture of the rectum. 5. Contrast these symptoms of stricture of the lower part of the rectum with those of a narrowing of the colon where it approaches the rectum.

6. Under what circumstances would you be unwilling to recommend the excision of a scirrhous tumour of the female

breast?

7. What varieties of appearances have you noticed in the cutaneous covering of a scirrhous breast?

8. In performing the operation of laryngotomy in the case of an adult, what should be the size of a tube to be inserted in the opening made in the larynx?

9. What are the attentions to be paid after the operation of laryngotomy to the condition of the tube introduced?

10. When a morsel of food becomes suddenly arrested at the lowest part of the pharynx or commencement of the oesophagus, explain the cause of the sudden and sometimes fatal dyspnoea which supervenes. Is the cause of the dyspnoea mechanical or vital?

DR. R. W. SMITH.

1. Give a description of Pott's gangrene.

2. Mention the principal forms of mammary abscess.

3. Describe that form which has its seat in the gland itself. 4. What are the peculiarities of atrophic cancer of the breast?

5. Mention the various conditions which, if present, would prevent your removal of a cancerous breast.

6. What operations have been proposed in cases of cancer of the tongue ?

7. Describe the characters of luxation of the head of the femur upon the pubis.

8. What would be your treatment in a case of mercurial

erethismus ?

7. What are the lesions usually found after death in typhoid fever?

8. Who first described yellow softening of the brain? 9. What explanation did he give of it?

10. What surgical operation proved the correctness of his explanation ?

MIDWIFERY, &c.-DR. SINCLAIR.

1. Foetal head in the occipito-cotyloid position at the brim; describe the mechanism of the child's passage through the pelvis.

position of the foetus in utero, at full term. 2. Demonstrate the utility of auscultation in determining the

3. Mention the puerperal causes of death; of the mother and of the child.

4. Edema gravidarum of the primiparous; its prognostic import, and the treatment for its removal?

5. Mention the least, and the most fatal form of complex labour as regards the mother.

6. Give a short history and describe the operation of symphy. seotomy; also state your opinion with respect to its utility.

7. What is meant by metria?

2. Enumerate the conditions that might be mistaken for ca. daveric rigidity, and the diagnostic characters of each.

3. State the circumstances by which the progress of decom. position in the dead body may be affected, retarded, or accele rated.

4. A dead body having been found immersed in water, from what can you determine whether the death has been by drowning, or by some other cause?

5. Distinguish the coma of inebriation from that of apoplexy, and of concussion of the brain.

6. To what objections is Reinsch's process for the detection of an arsenical poison liable? and how are they to be obviated? 7. What forms of poisoning might be confounded with, or mistaken for, malignant (or Asiatic) cholera; and on what would the diagnosis be established?

8. By what characters observed in the anatomical autopsy, will death from exposure to HS, either alone, or with some other noxious gas, and but little diluted with atmospheric air, be recognisable?

9. To what is due the difficulty of determining whether wounds were inflicted during life, or after death?

10. What circumstances would you admit as criteria to dis tinguish simulated from real insanity.

BOTANY. REV. DR. HAUGHTON.

1. Illustrate the following forms of stem: articulate, nodose, triquetrous, quadrilateral, ribbed.

2. Describe the law of Phyllotaxis in alternate-leaved plants.

3. Describe the Digitalis purpurea, referring it to its natural family, and stating its habitat.

4. Describe the officinal method of using the Digitalis purpurea, its adulterations, and physiological effects.

5. Describe the natural family Alismacea, illustrating your description by an account of the Alisma plantago.

6. Describe the Linum catharticum, giving the characters of

7. You are required to distinguish between the Caprifoliacea and the Rubiaceae; and to divide the latter into the Stellato, the Coffee, and the Cinchoneœ

8. Give an account of Forbes' theory of "specific centres," and illustrate it by examples drawn from the Vegetable King

dom.

9. Draw figures of an auriculate, a perfoliate, a connate, and of a pinnatipartite leaf.

10. Draw a diagram showing the horizontal cross section of the leaf-bud, imbricated and quincunical, of a Poplar whose Phyllotaxis is two-fifths.

Medical News.

APOTHECARIES' HALL, LONDON.-The following are the names of the gentlemen who passed their examination in the science and practice of medicine, and received certificates to practise, on Thursday, the 3rd of January :-Edward Nettleship (King's College), Kettering, Northampton-shire. On Thursday, the 10th of January-William Edward Williams (St. Bartholomew's Hospital), Llanhilleth, Monmouthshire; Thomas Edward Stainthorpe (Middlesex Hospital), Hexham Abbey; Henry Summerhayes (St. Thomas's), Ealing, MiddleThe following gentlemen also on the same day passed their first examination :-Walter Hart, King's College Hospital; John Chisholm M'Donald, Westminster Hospital.

sex.

THE HOSPITAL FOR STONE.-The British Medical Journal has been given to understand that Mr. Walter Coulson, having regard to the view which his colleagues have taken of his conduct in resuming office as Surgeon at St. Peter's Hospital, after receiving their support as candidate for the assistant-surgency of St. Mary's Hospital under the impression that he had finally ceased to be connected with St. Peter's, has resolved to resign his appointment at St. Mary's, reserving to himself the right of presenting himself anew as candidate for the vacancy occasioned at St. Mary's by his resignation.

GLASGOW LYING-IN HOSPITAL.-At a meeting of the Directors of this hospital, held on the 3rd January, the following medical officers were appointed :-Consulting Physician, Dr. Andrew Anderson; Consulting Surgeon, Dr. George Buchanan; Physician-Accoucheurs, Dr. J. G. Wilson, and Dr. R. D. Tannahill; Assistant Physicians and Dispensary Physicians, Dr. Donald Dewar and Dr. George Yeamon.

MOLLER'S PURE COD-LIVER OIL.-This oil, which is free from any disagreeable smell or taste, obtained the great Medal of the International Exhibition in London in the year 1862, and has been honoured with other similar testimonials bestowed in foreign countries. It is stated that the King of Sweden and Norway has presented the "Vasa" order to Mr. Möller, in recognition of the peculiar system by which the oil is prepared, and the physician to that Monarch has expressed, in a letter to Mr. Möller, his favourable opinion of its medicinal qualities and its easy digestibility. It is now introduced into Great Britain, and is sold by all chemists.

MEDICAL CHARITIES.-The funds of the Royal Infirmaries of Dundee and Perth have been increased by the munificient bequests of £1000 each from the Rev. John Spence, minister of Kinnaird, who has also left £12,000 for the purposes of founding as many bursaries in sums of not less than £50 each per annum to industrious students of the Universities of St. Andrews and of Edinburgh.

HARVEIAN SOCIETY.-At the annual meeting of this Society, on January 3rd, the following gentlemen were elected officers for the ensuing year:-President-*J. E. Pollock, M.D. Vice-Presidents T. Ballard, M.D.; *W. F. Cleveland, M.D.; *Ernest Hart, Esq.; J. B. Walker, Esq. Treasurer Henry William Fuller, M.D. Hon. Secretaries J. Brendon Curgenven, Esq.; Charles R. Drysdale, M.D. Council-Victor De Meric, Esq.; J. Eardley, Esq.; John Evans, Esq.; J. Gayleard, Esq.; *R. S. Jeffs, Esq.; J. Stewart Lamb, M.D.; James R. Lane, Esq.; J. Z. Laurence, Esq.; *H. W. Lobb, Esq.; Edwin Lowe, Esq.; *Duncan Menzies, M.R.C.P.; J. Rushforth, Esq. The retiring President, Dr. Tyler Smith, read a very able address, embodying the report and suggestions of the Committee on Infanticide. So important was the report considered that it was unanimously resolved it should be printed. An asterisk is prefixed to the names of those gentlemen who did not hold the same office the preceding year.

ROAD REFORM IN SCOTLAND.-A deputation of the Chamber of Agriculture waited upon the Lord-Advocate of Scotland on Wednesday, to present the resolution lately adopted by that body on the subject of road reform. Mr. Maclagan, M.P., Mr. Pagaw, of Cupar-Fife, who was the originator of the road reform movement in Scotland about 20 years ago, and Mr. M'Laren, M.P., addressed his Lordship in support of the petition of the Chamber for the introduction of a general measure, similar in principle to that adopted by several of the counties, and following out the recommendations of the Road Commissioners. The Lord-Advocate expressed his satisfaction in re

ceiving the deputation, stated that he would bring the views of the deputation before Government, and that the deputation might be assured that any legislation on the subject which he would recommend would be in conformity with the principles recommended in the Commissioners' report.

WORKHOUSE SURGEONS.-It would appear that young medical men willing to accept workhouse appointments are very scarce, or that parochial authorities are very fastidious in their selection. Mr. Butt, the resident medical officer of St. Pancras Workhouse, having resigned his office, the vestry, with whom the appointment rests, directed advertisements to be issued for candidates to fill the vacant office, at a salary of £160, rising to £200 a year, with vaccination fees, and board and lodging. A special meeting of the vestry was held to receive applications from candidates, examine testimonials, &c., and to make a selection of two or three, from whom the vestry at its ordinary meeting was to elect one. Only one, however, of the candidates was considered up to the parochial standard, and fit to be sent to the vestry for election. It was then said, "We cannot send up only one to the vestry for election, for that would give them no choice; and as to that one, he is thirty-five years of age, and if he was a clever man wouldn't he have got on better by this time, and been above taking a workhouse appointment? So we had better reject them all and advertise again, and next time we may have better luck." It was accordingly resolved to reject all the candidates, and advertise again.-Pall-Mall Gazette.

SANITARY ACT OF 1866.-The regulations under this Act relating to lodging-houses are now coming into operation. Rules approved by the Home Secretary have been issued by several of the districts in the metropolis. Those issued by the Board of Works for the St. Giles's district are very strin gent. Among the most important it is specified that no person shall let any house, or part of a house, in lodgings, or to be occupied in lodgings by members of more than one family, and in which more than two persons shall sleep in one room, until such house, and the person proposing to let the same, are registered in the office of the Board of Works. In no case will an accommodation of less than 400 cubic feet of space be allowed to each person. Persons letting such house, or part of a house, must have the walls and ceilings of every room, &c., thoroughly cleansed and limewashed at least four times every year. Cellars are to be cleaned out once a week, and limewashed as often as needed. The rooms are to be ventilated, &c., to the satisfaction of the medical health officer. Proper

accommodation must also be provided for washing, and such a supply of water for the use of lodgers, with proper covered cisto afford at least fifteen gallons a day to each inmate. The terns, as shall be satisfactory to the health officer. The cistern dustbin must be emptied once a week, and for every twenty persons a separate water-closet is to be provided. Every house is to be properly drained. Every owner not resident in or near the registered house, must appoint, as agent, some person who is resident in or near to the house, to see that the regulations are carried out. Every house and room shall be open to the medical health officer for inspection between the hours of eight o'clock A.M. and ten o'clock P.M. Any persons violating the regulations will be liable to a penalty not exceeding 40s. for any one offence, with an additional penalty not exceeding 20s. for every day during which a default in obeying such regula tions shall continue. The regulations issued by the Poplar district, also approved by the Home Secretary, are of a somewhat similar description; but there are additional clauses to the effect that no room the ceiling of which is on a level with or below the level of the footpath or roadway immediately adjoining, and no room used as a kitchen or scullery, and no room not lighted and ventilated directly from the exterior, and no room on the roof of the house not furnished with an open fire. place or flue, shall be permitted to be occupied as a sleeping room, nor shall any underground room be permitted to be so occupied unless specially certified by the medical health officer as fit to be so occupied. The number of persons in each sleepingroom is to be determined by the cubical contents of the room; for instance, if the room is used only as a bedroom, there is not to be more than one person to every 300 cubic feet of air; if used as a sleeping room and also as a day room, then there is not to be more than one person to every 400 cubic feet of air. Persons of different sexes are not to occupy the same sleeping room, except one married couple, or parents with children under ten years of age. When a person is attacked with fever, small-pox, or other infectious disease, immediate notice must be given to the medical health officer.