is bonourable. See John viii. 47. &c. 3. SOPHISMA, a Conclufion from falfe Reasoning, from copia, vafrè comminifcor; call'd alfo PARALOGISMUS, from wapaλogiCouas, Argumentatione decipio; as, Whatever runs, when it runs, has Feet; But this Houfe runs when it runs: Therefore this Houfe has Feet. 4. HYPOTHESIS, Argumentation grounded on Suppofition, from roriOni, fuppono; as Si Mens humana cogitat, eft immortalis; Sed Mens humana cogitat: Ergo eft immortalis. 5. SORITES, an Heaping up many Propofitions for one Conclufion, from owpos, acervus; as, Every Thing in the World is finite, Every finite Thing bath a Beginning, Every Thing that bath a Beginning hath a first author, That firft Author must be God, Therefore there is a God. 6. ENTHYMEMA, Retaining in thought, from ¿vluμéqual, mente concipio, an imperfect Syllogifm, where either the Major or Minor is fupprefs'd; as, Deus regit Mundum, Ergo eft Omnipotens. 7. INDUCTIO is an Argument which in undoubted Things gains Affent; as, Quod pomum pulcherrimum? Puto quod optimum. 8. EPICHEREMA, Aggreffio, is a fhort Argumentation couching all Parts in one Sentence; as, Sine Caufa Servus Dominum accufet? &c. N. 3. As for GRAMMATICAL FIGURES, fuch as, in Orthography, METAPLASMUS, PROTHESIS, APHÆRESIS, SYNCOPE, EPENTHESIS, APOCOPE, PARAGOGE, METATHESIS, ANTITHESIS or ANTISTOICHON, and TMESIS, See my Latin Grammar, p. 73. Edit. 6th. In Etymology, for ENALLAGE or ANTIMERIA, putting one Part of Speech for another, See Lat. Gram. p. 73. In Syntaxis, for ELLIPSIS, APPOSITIO, EVOCATIO, SYLLEPSIS, PROLEPSIS, ZEUGMA, SYNTHESIS or SY 2 NESIS, NESIS, ANTIPTOSIS, SYNECDOCHE N. 4. Puzzling Grammarians call ZEUGMA (or, The Connexion of many Words to one common One) if the Common Word ftands firft, PROTOZEUGMA; as, Sunt nobis mitia poma, Caftanea molles, & preffi copia lactis; Virg. If in the Middle, MESOZEUGMA; as, Semper honos nomenque tuum, laudefque manebunt; Virg. If in the End, HYPOZEUGMA; as, Nam Venus & Vinum fublimia Peltora fregit; Ovid. N. 5. To Grammatical Figures may be added, 1. ACATALEXIS, or CATALEXİS, or BRACHYCATALEXIS, where a Syllable is wanting to compleat a Verfe, from a priv. or Spaxus, brevis, & nalaλnyw, defino; as this of Horace, Mea renidet in domo lacunar, wants only a Syllable to make it a perfect lambick. 2. HYPERCATALEXIS, or HYPERMETRON, where a Verfe has a Syllable too much, from it, fupra, & μérgav, Menfura; as, this of Horace, Arboribufque coma, is a Daylit Dimeter with a Syllable too much. 3. ANTIPODIA, Changing the Feet of a Verfe for equal Feet, from ari, pro, & mès, pes; as, Fluviorum Fluviorum Rex Eridanus-Virg. for a Spondæus. Proximus buic longo fed proximus intervallo; Virg. or interuallo. 4. HYPODIASTOLE, a Subdiftinction, from rò, fub, & diasinλw, diftinδιαςέλλω, guo; as, %, TI, quicquid, is diftinguifh'd from TI, quoniam. 5. SYNECPHONESIS, and SYMPHONESIS, and SYNIZESIS, is the fame as Synærefis. N. Tho' Grammarians often ufe THLIPSIS, CRASIS, and SYNÆRESIS, promifcuously for Contraction, yet their proper Diftinction is this-Vocales Thlipfis, Crafis, Synærefis unit, Scindit prima, Secunda immutat, Tertia jungit; as, 'E' iué, for inì iμé, is Thlipfis; ögn, for pea, is Crafis; &, for p, is Synærefis. 6. HEBRAISMUS, Imitation of the Hebrew Phrase, as, Men of Mercy, for merciful Men. Filius perditionis, for perditus; John xvii. 12. Vina foporis erant ; Ovid. See Dan. ix. 23. Ifa. liii. 3. The Imperative Mood for the Future Tenfe, and contrarily; as, Seek the Lord, and live; Amos v. 6. Thou shalt not kill, fteal, &c. Exod. xx. See Mal. ii. 7. R. That Youth may know the prudent and proper Ufe of Figures, they'll do well to observe, that THE FAULTS of FIGURES are Six. FIGURES unnatʼral, Senfelefs, Too-fine-fpun, 6 Overadorn'd, Affected, Copious, sun. SECT. SECT. III. Of FINE TURNS, or, REPETITIONS of Sounds. S.Rench as gracefully repeat either the EPETITIONS, or Fine Turns, are fame Word, or the fame Sound in different Words. The CHIEF REPETITIONS are fourteen, and they are distinguish'd as follows, viz. T. 1. CLAUSES ANAPHORA begins alike. II. EPISTROPHE's like Endings Fancy ftrike. V. ANADIPLOSIS the laft Word brings on. VII. EPANODOS in midft joins like Extremes. X. ANTANACLASIS doubtful Terms designs. XII. PAREGMENON from the fame Root brings Words. XIII. HOMOIOTELEUTON rhymes all it can. XIV. By SYNONYMS like Thoughts improv'd run on. THE THE MEANING and DERIVATION of the Names or Terms, with Examples. I. A NAPHORA, 'AvaQoga, Bringing over again a Word to begin next Claufe, from avapigw, refero; as, Te, dulcis conjux, Te folo in littore fecum; Te veniente die, Te decedente canebat; Virg. Geor. 5. Pan primus calamos cera conjungere plures Inftituit: Pan curat oves, oviumque magiftros; Virg. Tuta frequenfque via eft per amici fallere nomen; Tuta frequenfque licet fit via, crimen habet; Ovid. de Arte. Tu pugnare potes, mibi facri eft confilii vis; Tu vires fine mente geris, mibi cura futuri eft; Ovid Met. 3. Nihil te nocturnum præfidium palatii? nihil timor populi? nihil horum ora vultufque moverunt? Cic. in Cat. Sic oculos, fic ille manus, fic ora movebat; Virg. Æn. 3. See alfo Pfal. xxix. 3, 4, 5, &c. 'Tis likewife call'd EPANAPHORA. See Fër. viii. 2. 1 Cor. i. 20. Pfalm cxviii. 8, 9. Jer. 1. 35, 36. Rom. viii. 38. Pfalm xxvii. 1. &c. II. ĚPISTROPHE, Erisgopn, a Turning to the ending Word, from ini, ad, & spiQw,, verto; as, Crede mihi, fi te quoque pontus haberet; Te fequerer, conjux, et me quoque pontus haberet; Ovid. Met. . Surgamus; folet effe gravis cantantibus umbra: Juniperi gravis umbra; nocent et frugibus umbra; Virg. Ecl. 10.1 Panos Populus Romanus juftitiâ vincit, armis vincit, liberalitate vincit. Doletis tres exercitus Populi Romani interfectos? interfecit Antonius: Defideratis clariffimos cives? eos quoque eripuit vobis Antonius: Authoritas hujus ordinis afflicta eft? afflixit Antonius; Cic. 2. Phil. See alfo 1 Cor. xiii. 11.- N. This Repetition is alfo call'd EPIPHORA, a Bringing to or repeating the Ending Word. See Pfalm cxv. 9, 10, 11. Matth. vii. 22. 2 Cor. xi. 22. Joel ii. 26, 27. Ezek. xxxiii. 25. Amos iv. 6, 8, &c. III. SYM K |