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Elderfield - Hartshorn Hardware Co. 40-42-44 Falls St.,- Niagara Falls Campbell's STATIONERY Book - binding, Kodaks and Kodak Supplies Developing and Printing a specialty 103 FALLS ST WILLIAM KANE'S NEW BARBER SHOP AND HAIR DRESSING PARLOR, Colt's Block, 2121 Main St., Niagara Falls BATHS AND SANITARY MASSAGE. Also Electrical Sponge Bath, a Sure Cure for Rheumatism. Also dealer in Domestic and Imported Cigars. Schwarz Book Binding Co., Inc BOOK-BINDERS Books Bound in all Styles at Reasonable Rates 327 Washington St., Buffalo, N.Y. Frontier Phone, 19002 WE HAVE THEM. Everything that is new and Up-to-date in . . MEN'S AND BOYS' Suits and Overcoats The most complete, the Hats, Neckwear and Gents' Furnishings P. A. KANE, 2125 MAIN STREET. Niagara University Niagara Falls, N. Y. Under the Direction of the Priests of the Congregation of the Mission. NIAGARA UNIVERSITY, N.Y., MARCH 15, 1911. OW swift the days roll on and fade away, And take from each his sorrow cruel and deep. Tomorrow soon becomes a yesterday, Which hurries us to our eternal sleep. Thus life is not so harsh as it may seem, Since sorrow, toil and strife end in a dream. it ignore truth, divinely revealed, without insulting the veracity of God. The reason of this lies in the fact that, to be its own affirmation, is an inherent quality of truth a quality which of necessity includes an inherent intolerance towards its own denial. Wherefore the truth taught by Jesus Christ, the Divine Word of Truth, bears not merely a warrant that is infallible, but also a negation that is inexorable. But despite these characteristics of divine approval, the truth manifested by Christ was soon assailed by the doubts, the discussions and denials of hearts too hard and minds too dark to understand and appreciate its true character and worth. Consequently, to check the aberrations of such minds and to help win the hearts of all to a knowledge and love of God's divine truth, its teachers were compelled to vindicate its rightful position. This they did as occasion demanded by warding off specific attacks, or in other words, by offering an apology No. II for the truth assailed. Thus during apostolic days, St. John felt called upon to direct his gospel against the Ebionites and Marcionites who denied that Christ was really God. And in the same manner we find many writings of the Early Fathers aimed directly at the attacks and insinuations of the hostile minded Jews and hard-headed heathens. Chief among these is the "Dialogue with Trypho, the Jew," composed by Justin Martyr about 155160. Herein the author argues with great cogency against the learned Jews of his day. From the prophesies of the Old Law, he proves to them that Christ was the Messias and incarnate Son of God, that the religion founded by Him is the culmination and perfection of the Jewish Dispensation and that the true children of Israel are not the orthodox Jews but the adherents of Christianity. Apologies of a like character were written by Tertullian and St. Cyprian. Against the attacks of Pagans may be cited such refutations as the "Apology" by Justin Martyr, the "Plea for the Christians" by Athenagoras and a work entitled "Apologetic" from the pen of Tertullian. These are merely a few of the many early apologists too numerous to mention in this paper. As their writings are personal, controversial, partial vindications of the Christian position, so they are truly called apologies, for herein lies the essential elements of an apology. In time such gigantic intellects as St. Augustine in the fourth century and St. Thomas in the 13th, accumulated, analyized and synthisized the truth as it was developed and understood by earlier definers of the faith. This formulation gave rise to the science of apologetics which is "a comprehensive vindication of the grounds of Christian, Catholic belief, in which the calm, impersonal presentation of underlying principles is of paramount importance, the refutation of objections being added. by way of corollary. It is in a word the Christian apology par excellence, combining in one wellrounded system the arguments and considerations of permanent value that have found expression in principles and opinions have been the subject of the various single apologies." To St. Thomas especially does apologetics owe its present perfection as a science. Before his day men. were satisfied in battling against such particular errors as were wont to arise from time to time. These they fought and conquered with the weapons of direct policies. Not so with the Angel of the Schools. Animated with a great and ardent love of truth, he directed all the powers of his mighty soul to a lucid and well-reasoned statement of the whole truth. To him controversy was merely of secondary importance. His chief concern lay in the establishment of a complete logical system of Catholic, Christian truth rather than in the overthrow of error by direct attack. Ample proof of this statement is found in the pages of his "Summa Theologica." This work is a mighty synthesis, thrown into technical and scientific form, of the Catholic traditions of East and West, of the infallible dicta of the Sacred Page, and of the most enlightened conclusions of human reason, gathered from the soaring intuition of the Academy and the rigid severity of the Lyceum. It exhibits the most successful manifestation of the harmony of fullest faith with the most perfect development of reason which has yet been elaborated by the mind of man. It is a colossal challenge to the unbelieving world, as well as an apology par excellence. In it particular truths are linked together with one continuous chain, and Christianity is viewed in the light of reason supplied by truth. To this end are all his other writings directed; for the "Summa Theologica" unites within itself the perfection of them all, and simultaneously attacks and defeats those enemies against whom he had formally combated in detail. Briefly told, the "Summa Theologica" sets forth the science of Apologetics in its earliest and fullest perfection. To those whom God has called to defend the truth of His Doctrine, is strongly recommended this master-work of St. Thomas; because a careful, conscientious and intelligent study of its pages will tend more than all else to reproduce in them the patriotic character, as well as the patriotic mind, both of which are very essential in the formation of sturdy, successful apologists. more discussion and variance, than those of the renowned Socrates. nowned Socrates. Born and nurtured in Greece, the birth-place and home of philosophy and poetry, his eager mind early showed a turning towards the learning and cultivated ideas of his native country. He deserted the employment in which his father had induced him to engage, and found one more suited to his philosophic cast of mind in the study of the duties and actions of men, and the principles which regulate the practice of virtue and justice. At first seeking wisdom and knowledge among the proud and worthless sophists, to whom he was attracted by their outward show of learning and virtue, he acquired none but their own empty maxims and rules; but his mind, like the eagle soaring aloft from limited ascent of other birds, despised the pretended and ordinary wisdom of the mass of people aud aimed at something higher and nobler, and daily observation and experience only tended the more to disgust him with that learning and virtue which consisted only in empty show and pompous words and eloquence. He therefore withdrew himself from their company, and learned their principles and philosophical ideas that he might the better be able to prevent their pernicious influence upon the young, and the spread of that arrogance and pride, that conceit and haughtiness, which, even in our own enlightened day, never fail to usurp the throne of wisdom and virtue, when ignorance and deceit clothed in the external appendages of knowledge, aspire to the rewards and honors of real merit and worth. By earnest thinking, by comparing the laws of nature, the actions and duties of men, the principles. of justice and virtue and observing the influence and effects of the doctrines of others, he was enabled to bring forth his own code of laws, his own philosophy, and to discover some of those immortal truths which in years far off in the distant future were to become the shining lights and civilizing agents of entire races. Doctrines such as the immortality of the soul and unity of the Godhead were so much the more remarkable, since they had, previous to that time, been unknown to the Greeks, and since they arose from a mass of ideas and opinions so confused and erroneous, at that time when the soul of man was believed to enter the bodies of other animals after death, and when every fictitious and imaginative being of the poets was acknowledged as a god, and every hero and successful tyrant was worshipped as a demigod; when every novel idea, no matter how absurd, that |