AN ESSAY CONCERNING Human Understanding ; WITH Thoughts on the Conduct of the Understanding. BY JOHN LOCKE, ESQ. COLLATED WITH DE3MAIZEAUX'S EDITION. To which is prefixed, THE LIFE OF THE AUTHOR. IN THREE VOLUMES. VOL. III. EDINBURGH: PRINTED BY AND FOR MUNDELL & SON, ROYAL BANK CLOSE. 1. Our Knowledge converfant about our Ideas. 2. Knowledge is the Perception of the Agreement or Dif 4. Firft, Of Identity or Diverfity. 7. Fourthly, Of real Existence. 10-13. Why it has been fo thought. 14. Senfitive Knowledge of particular Existence. 15. Knowledge not always clear, where the Ideas are fo. SECT. CHAP.. III. Of the Extent of Human Knowledge. 1. First, No farther than we have Ideas. 2. Secondly, No farther than we can perceive the Agreement or Difagreement. 3. Thirdly, Intuitive Knowledge extends itself not to all the Relations of all our Ideas. 4. Fourthly, Nor demonftrative Knowledge. 5. Fifthly, Senfitive Knowledge narrower than either. 6. Sixthly, our Knowledge therefore narrower than our Ideas. 7. How far our Knowledge reaches. 8. First, Our Knowledge of Identity and Diverfity, as far as our Ideas. 9. Secondly, Of Co-existence a very little way. 10. Because the Connection between moft fimple Ideas is unknown. 11. Efpecially of fecondary Qualities. 12-14. And farther, because all Connection between any fecondary and primary Qualities is undiscoverable. 15. Of Repugnancy to co-exift larger, 16. Of the Co-existence of Powers a very little Way. 17. Of Spirits yet narrower. 18. Thirdly, Of other Relations, it is not easy to say how far. Morality capable of Demonflration. 19. Two Things have made moral Ideas thought incapable of Demonftration. Their Complexedness and Want of fenfible Representations. 20. Remedies of thofe difficulties. 21. Fourthly, Of real Existence, we have an intuitive Knowledge of our own, demonftrative of God's, fenfible of fome few other Things. 22. Our Ignorance great. 23. First, One Caufe of it Want of Ideas, either fuch as we have no Conception of, or fuch as particularly we have not. 24. Because of their Remoteness, or, 25. Because of their Minutenefs. 26. Hence no Science of Bodies. 27. Much lefs of Spirits. 28. Secondly, Want of a difcoverable Connection between Ideas we have. 29. Inftances. 30. Thirdly, Want of tracing our Ideas. 31. Extent in refpect of Univerfality. SECT. 7 CHAP. IV. Of the Reality of our Knowledge. 1. Objection, Knowledge placed in Ideas, may be all bare Vilion. 2, 3. Anfwer, Not fo, where Ideas agree with Things. 4. As, Firit, All fimple Ideas do. 5. Secondly, All complex Ideas excepted. 6. Hence the Reality of Mathematical Knowledge. 7. And of Moral.' 8. Exiltence not required to make it real. Nor will it be lefs true or certain, because moral Ideas own making and naming. are of de 91 10. Mifnaming difturbs not the certainty of the Know ledge. 19. Ideas of Substances have their Archetypes without us. 12. So far, as they agree with thofe, fo far our Knowledge concerning them is real. In our Inquiries about Subftances, we must confider 13 Ideas, and not confine our Thoughts to Names or Kiw Species fuppofed fet out by Names. 14-17. Objection against a Changeling being fomething be tween Man and Beaft, anfwered.. 18. Recapitulation. CHAP. V. Of Truth in General. SECT 1. What Truth is. 2. A right joining, or feparating of Signs; i. e. Ideas or Words. 3. Which make mental or verbal Propofitions. |