4. Conditions regulating the pace of acquisition :-General condi-

tions, I. Continuance or Repetition; II. Mental Concentra-

tion; III. Adhesiveness of the individual constitution on

the whole

xvii

PAGE.

330

333

335

5. Conditions special to Movements: (1) Bodily Strength; (2)
Spontaneity; (3) Muscular Discrimination

IDEAL FEELINGS OF MOVEMENT.

6. Transition from the actual to the ideal

336

..

7. What is the seat of muscular and other feelings persisting after

the fact!

337

8. Seat of revived impressions the same as that of the originals:-

Examples from Movement

11. The tendency of an idea to become the reality is an active

power of the mind, and interferes with the will

12. The tendency exemplified in Fear, and in other instances

13. Sympathy is our acting out the idea of other men's pains and

pleasures

14. Ambition is often of the nature of a fixed idea

19. Association of sensations of the same sense with one another

20. Effect of repetition on individual sensations

22. Sensations of Hearing.-The ear has to be formed to individual

sounds; Successions of sounds :-music, articulation, elo-

cution

23. Sensations of Sight :-Outline Forms-scientific, arbitrary, and

26. In the early operations of Intellect, all its three functions are

blended ..

359

of combination

ib.

28. The vastness and complicacy of the sense acquisitions could not
be overcome without the system of patching

360

27. The cumulative operation of Contiguity interrupted by diversity

SENSATIONS OF DIFFERENT SENSES.

29. Movements with Sensations :-language of command

30. Muscular ideas with Sensations :-Architectural associations

31. Sensations with Sensations

32. Rate of adhesiveness in heterogeneous association

OF EXTERNAL PERCEPTION.-THE MATERIAL WORLD.

364

ib.

33. Metaphysical problems connected with Perception

34. Perception of the Distances and Magnitudes of External bodies:

-Perceptions resulting from the eye alone

35. Distance and Magnitude imply other organs than the eye.

Berkeley's theory of vision; criticism of objections urged

against it

36. Meaning or import of Extension

366

372

37. Extension the result of an association of mental effects. The
opposing views: Hamilton

Perception and Belief of the Material World.

38. Questions as to the independent existence of matter

(1.) No knowledge possible except in reference to our minds

(2.) The sense of the external implies our own energies

(3.) Our experience connects certain changes of sensation

with the consciousness of certain movements

375

ib.

376

(4.) Experience furnishes the materials of our belief in
what actually takes place

(5.) Suggestions of a plurality of senses

(6.) Externality means what is common to us with others.

The external world. The meaning of the sentiens

and the sensum

39. Process of perceiving the true Magnitude and Distance of an

object from the ocular adjustment and extent of image on

the retina:-Wheatstone's experiments; the increased in-

clination of the eyes suggests diminished size

40. The appreciation of Distance follows the estimate of Magnitude.
Reid on the signs of distance furnished by degrees of colour
and distinctness, and by intervening objects. Note
41. Perception of Solidity through the presentation of dissimilar
pictures to the two eyes. Binocular Vision
42. Perception of Solidity implied in the perception of distance.
Question as to the line of visible direction of objects
43. Localization of bodily feelings :-Our own body is to us an
external object; the localizing of feelings is acquired
44. Associated differences in sensations. Hypothesis to account for
the localizing of our feelings of Touch and Sight. Note

45. Associated differences in the muscular feelings. Hamilton's

theory of the inverse relation between Sensation and Per-

ception. Note

CONTENTS.

ASSOCIATIONS WITH FEELING.

46. The element of Feeling may be allied with objects

47. Association of special emotions with objects:-Objects of affec-

tion; associates with irascible passion; overflowings of

egotistic emotion

48. Love of money; passion for business formalities

49. Alisonian theory of Beauty :-Distinction between primitive

and associated effects; Sublimity and Beauty of sounds;

associated effects of Forms; Fitness and Ease in machinery

50. Reading of Emotional expression:-The meaning of a smile or

a frown acquired. Pleasure from the sight of the hap-

piness of others. Feelings of Moral Approbation and

Disapprobation

xix

PAGE

400

402

404

ib.

407

ASSOCIATES OF VOLITION.

51. Acquired nature of voluntary power. Things implied in the

voluntary command of the moving organs. Observations

on the early movements of two lambs. Note

52. Voluntary acquisition exemplified by the case of Imitation

(1.) Imitation wanting in early infancy

(2.) The power is progressive

ib.

(3.) Efforts of imitation are at the outset irregular
(4.) Imitation of the child's own acts by others ..
(5.) Imitation follows spontaneity

(6.) It progresses with the acquired habits

(7.) Depends on the delicacy of the senses. Importance of

53. External objects affect us through a plurality of senses.

portance of sensuous adhesiveness-the Naturalist

NATURAL AND HABITUAL CONJUNCTIONS-STILL LIFE.

55. Variegated imagery of the world. Importance of a retentive-

ness for Colour

56. Aggregates constituted by artificial representations-Maps, Dia-

grams, Pictorial Sketches

58. Successions and changes in nature:-Cycles; Evolutions

59. Natural persistence of mental movements once begun. Influ

ence on the recovery of successions

60. Successions of cause and effect.

428

429

61. Action and reaction of man on man

62. Our knowledge of living beings made up in part of those suc-

cessions. Susceptibility to the human presence

MECHANICAL ACQUISITIONS.

63. Conditions of mechanical acquirement:-(1) the active organ,—

the Muscles: (2) the Senses concerned; (3) Taste, or liking,

as a motive to concentrated attention

64. Method of mechanical training:-Recruits in the army; the

apprentice in handicraft employment

VOCAL OR LINGUAL ACQUISITIONS.

430

432

70. The OBJECT Sciences. The abstract and the concrete Sciences

71. The SUBJECT Sciences, or Mind. Inquiry into the nature of

the aptitude for the study of mind. Anti-subjective ten-

dencies to be overcome

EUSINESS, OR PRACTICAL LIFE.

72. The higher branches of industry

73. Management of human beings

..

439

ACQUISITIONS IN THE FINE ARTS.

74. Nature of Fine Art ;-qualities of the artist

(1.) Adhesiveness for the material of the art

(2.) Special sensibility for the effects called artistic
(3.) An artist a mechanical workman

75. Transactions witnessed :-their mode of adhesion

76. Transactions given in language

442

445

ib.

::::

::

446

447

::

ib.

ib.

::

448

449

450

ib.

CONTENTS.

79. Composite stream of our past life ..

80. General observations on the force of contiguous adhesion:-I.
Proofs of the fact of General adhesiveness; II. Superior
plasticity of early years; III. Temporary adhesiveness;
cramming

..

xxi

PAGE.

453

ib.

CHAPTER II.

AGREEMENT-LAW OF SIMILARITY.

1. Statement of the law. Knowledge involves the consciousness of

Agreement as well as the consciousness of Difference

2. Mutual relation of Contiguity and Similarity

3. Under Similarity there is supposed a defect of likeness

4. The defectiveness is either Faintness or Diversity

5. The power of reviving like in the midst of unlike an important
point of intellectual character, varying in individuals

457

458

460

461

ib.

FEEBLENESS OF IMPRESSION.

6. In the case where one person identifies a faint sensible impres-

sion, and another does not, the difference may be accounted

for (1) by a greater natural delicacy in the Sense; (2) greater

previous familiarity with the particular impression; (3) by

the habit of concentrating the attention on the subject, in

other words, the acquired delicacy of the Sense. To these

local circumstances, may be added General power of

Similarity

7. Feelings of Organic Life identified. Acuteness in this respect

8. Identification of Smells

9. Hearing. Influence of familiarity

10. Identification of objects of Sight under dimness

11. Acuteness of sense in the Indians

12. The scent of the dog

..

SIMILARITY IN DIVERSITY.-SENSATIONS.

13. Likeness with unlike accompaniments, the principal field of
examples of the law of Similarity

14. Movements :-Speech; recall of sayings by similarity in diver-

sity. To the three local conditions of recall, specified

under Faintness (§ 6), there is to be added, for Diversity,

(4) a low susceptibility, or comparative insensibility, to the

points of difference

15. Sensations;-Organic Life

16. Tastes ..

C