' graces also have been considered, and frills and fringes, with gay ' variety of colour, featly appended, and ever in the right place, 'are not wanting. While I-good Heaven!-have thatched my'self over with the dead fleeces of sheep, the bark of vegetables, 'the entrails of worms, the hides of oxen or seals, the felt of 'furred beasts; and walk abroad a moving Rag-screen, over'heaped with shreds and tatters raked from the Charnel-house of 'Nature, where they would have rotted, to rot on me more slowly! 6 Day after day, I must thatch myself anew; day after day, this 'despicable thatch must lose some film of its thickness; some 'film of it, frayed away by tear and wear, must be brushed off 'into the Ashpit, into the Laystall; till by degrees the whole has 'been brushed thither, and I, the dust-making, patent Rag'grinder, get new material to grind down. O subter-brutish! 'vile most vile! For have not I too a compact all-enclosing 'Skin, whiter or dingier? Am I a botched mass of tailors' and 'cobblers' shreds, then; or a tightly-articulated, homogeneous 'little Figure, automatic, nay alive?

'Strange enough how creatures of the human-kind shut their eyes to plainest facts; and by the mere inertia of Oblivion and 'Stupidity, live at ease in the midst of Wonders and Terrors. 'But indeed man is, and was always, a blockhead and dullard; 'much readier to feel and digest, than to think and consider. 'Prejudice, which he pretends to hate, is his absolute lawgiver; mere use-and-wont everywhere leads him by the nose: thus let 'but a Rising of the Sun, let but a Creation of the World hap'pen twice, and it ceases to be marvellous, to be noteworthy, or 'noticeable. Perhaps not once in a lifetime does it occur to your 'ordinary biped, of any country or generation, be he gold'mantled Prince or russet-jerkined Peasant, that his Vestments 'and his Self are not one and indivisible; that he is naked, with' out vestments, till he buy or steal such, and by forethought sew ' and button them.

6

For my own part, these considerations, of our Clothes-thatch, ' and how, reaching inwards even to our heart of hearts, it tailor'ises and demoralises us, fill me with a certain horror at myself ' and mankind; almost as one feels at those Dutch Cows, which, during the wet season, you see grazing deliberately with jackets

'and petticoats (of striped sacking), in the meadows of Gouda 'Nevertheless there is something great in the moment when a man first strips himself of adventitious wrappages; and sees 'indeed that he is naked, and, as Swift has it, "a forked strad'dling animal with bandy legs;" yet also a Spirit, and unutter'able Mystery of Mysteries.'

CHAPTER IX.

ADAMITISM.

LET no courteous reader take offence at the opinions broached in the conclusion of the last Chapter. The Editor himself, on first glancing over that singular passage, was inclined to exclaim: What, have we got not only a Sansculottist, but an enemy to Clothes in the abstract? A new Adamite, in this century, which flatters itself that it is the Nineteenth, and destructive both to Superstition and Enthusiasm ?

Consider, thou foolish Teufelsdröckh, what benefits unspeakable all ages and sexes derive from Clothes. For example, when thou thyself, a watery, pulpy, slobbery freshman and new-comer in this Planet, sattest muling and puking in thy nurse's arms; sucking thy coral, and looking forth into the world in the blankest manner, what hadst thou been, without thy blankets, and bibs, and other nameless hulls? A terror to thyself and mankind! Or hast thou forgotten the day when thou first receivedst breeches, and thy long clothes became short? The village where thou livedst was all apprized of the fact; and neighbour after neighbour kissed thy pudding-cheek, and gave thee, as hansel, silver or copper coins, on that the first gala-day of thy existence. Again, wert not thou, at one period of life, a Buck, or Blood, or Macaroni, or Incroyable, or Dandy, or by whatever name, according to year and place, such phenomenon is distinguished? In that one word lie included mysterious volumes. Nay, now when the reign of folly is over, or altered, and thy clothes are not for triumph but for defence, hast thou always worn them perforce, and as a consequence of Man's Fall; never rejoiced in them as in a warm movable House, a Body round thy Body, wherein that strange THEE of thine sat snug, defying all variations of Climate? Girt with thick double-milled kerseys; half-buried

under shawls and broadbrims, and overalls and mudboots, thy very fingers cased in doeskin and mittens, thou hast bestrode that 'Horse I ride;' and, though it were in wild winter, dashed through the world, glorying in it as if thou wert its lord. In vain did the sleet beat round thy temples; it lighted only on thy impenetrable, felted or woven, case of wool. In vain did the winds howl,-forests sounding and creaking, deep calling unto deep, and the storms heap themselves together into one huge Arctic whirlpool; thou flewest through the middle thereof, striking fire from the highway; wild music hummed in thy ears, thou too wert as a sailor of the air;' the wreck of matter and the crash of worlds was thy element and propitiously wafting tide. Without Clothes, without bit or saddle, what hadst thou been ; what had thy fleet quadruped been?-Nature is good, but she is not the best; here truly was the victory of Art over Nature. A thunderbolt indeed might have pierced thee; all short of this thou couldst defy.

Or, cries the courteous reader, has your Teufelsdröckh forgotten what he said lately about Aboriginal Savages,' and their 'condition miserable indeed? Would he have all this unsaid; and us betake ourselves again to the 'matted cloak,' and go sheeted in a thick natural fell?'

Nowise, courteous reader! The Professor knows full well what he is saying; and both thou and we, in our haste, do him wrong. If Clothes, in these times, 'so tailorise and demoralise us,' have they no redeeming value; can they not be altered to serve better; must they of necessity be thrown to the dogs? The truth is, Teufelsdröckh, though a Sansculottist, is no Adamite: and much perhaps as he might wish to go forth before this degenerate age, 'as a Sign,' would nowise wish to do it, as those old Adamites did, in a state of Nakedness. The utility of Clothes is altogether apparent to him: nay perhaps he has an insight into their more recondite, and almost mystic qualitics, what we might call the omnipotent virtue of Clothes, such as was never before vouchsafed to any man. For example:

'You see two individuals,' he writes, 'one dressed in fine Red, 'the other in coarse threadbare Blue: Red says to Blue, "Be

'hanged and anatomised;" Blue hears with a shudder, and (G 'wonder of wonders!) marches sorrowfully to the gallows; is there noosed up, vibrates his hour, and the surgeons dissect him, and 'fit his bones into a skeleton for medical purposes. How is this; or what make ye of your Nothing can act but where it is?" Red has no physical hold of Blue, no clutch of him, is nowise in contact 'with him: neither are those ministering Sheriffs and Lord'Lieutenants and Hangmen and Tipstaves so related to command'ing Red, that he can tug them hither and thither; but each 'stands distinct within his own skin. Nevertheless, as it is 'spoken, so it is done: the articulated Word sets all hands in 'Action; and Rope and Improved-drop perform their work.

Thinking reader, the reason seems to me twofold: First, that 'Man is a Spirit, and bound by invisible bonds to All Men : Secondly, that he wears Clothes, which are the visible emblems of 'that fact. Has not your Red hanging-individual a horsehair wig, squirrel-skins, and a plush gown; whereby all mortals know that 'he is a JUDGE?-Society, which the more I think of it astonishes 'me the more, is founded upon Cloth.

'Often in my atrabiliar moods, when I read of pompous cere'monials, Frankfort Coronations, Royal Drawing-rooms, Levees, 'Couchees ; and how the ushers and macers and pursuivants are 'all in waiting; how Duke this is presented by Archduke that, and Colonel A by General B, and innumerable Bishops, Admi'rals, and miscellaneous Functionaries, are advancing gallantly to 'the Anointed Presence; and I strive, in my remote privacy, to 'form a clear picture of that solemnity, on a sudden, as by some 'enchanter's wand, the-shall I speak it?—the Clothes fly off the 'whole dramatic corps; and Dukes, Grandees, Bishops, Generals, 'Anointed Presence itself, every mother's son of them, stand 'straddling there, not a shirt on them; and I know not whether 'to laugh or weep. This physical or psychical infirmity, in which 'perhaps I am not singular, I have, after hesitation, thought 'right to publish, for the solace of those afflicted with the 'like.'

Would to Heaven, say we, thou hadst thought right to keep it secret! Who is there now that can read the five columns of Presentations in his Morning Newspaper without a shudder?