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in 1831, and was Secretary of State for a short time under President Tyler.

The Senators of the gold country having made a formal demand for the Admission of California into the Union, the measure has been under discussion in Congress; there seems little doubt that the proposed junction will be effected. An official document states that all the gold-dust which had been received at the United States Mint amounted in value to no more than 11,379,129 dollars. Neither, if our own eminent Geologist, Sir Roderick Murcheson, do not err, is the store inexhaustible. He has shown from known geological facts, that the greatest part of the gold is not in mines, but in the gravel and sand which cover the surface, and form the detritus of the summits of former mountains; and that, consequently, the supply of gold may be exhausted in no great number of years. Still emigration to California, from the United States, continues undiminished.

But we learn from California itself that the state of society there is by no means encouraging to well-disposed adventurers. Not more than one person in nine or ten can be called fortunate in searching for gold, and many of these afterwards get fleeced at the gambling tables of San Francisco; women (especially Mexican) gamble there as well as men; the merchants get most of the gold-dust that is

brought home-the diggers being little more than their purveyors. The market is fast getting glutted with all kinds of goods-many lots being spoiled by exposure in the rain. There are people of all nations besides Americans, especially Peruvians, Chilians, Sandwich Islanders, Hindoos, Chinese, English, French, Italians, Spaniards, and a pretty strong "delegation" of convicts from New South Wales. At San Francisco there had been three suicides, and in the mines two murders. Bull, cock, and bear fights are in full vogue, and especially by the fair sex. In one of them, a bull of immense magnitude and power was let loose on an old Spanish bull-fighter and clown. In an attempt, on foot, to thrust a short spear into his neck, the man's foot slipped, and the bull thrust him against the rude fence with such violence, that he survived the injury but a short time. This, to the women, seemed the climax of amusement, and the exhibition terminated amid shouts of applause.

From Mexico, the bondholders of that state were not pleased to hear that a new Minister of Finance was appointed on the 1st ult., who, it was thought, would not have sufficient vigour to organise the finances of the country in a satisfactory manner. The cholera was on the increase in the vicinity of Mexico City. The Indian depredations were still the cause of constant alarm.

NARRATIVE OF LITERATURE AND ART.

OUR recapitulation of the leading publications of the month sufficiently indicates its topics of literary

interest; but these will yield, in the estimation of most readers, to the feeling awakened by the death of Wordsworth. The great poet had very recently completed a revision of his writings; but a few days before his last illness had celebrated his eightieth birthday; and has passed to his final rest in the fulness of his fame.

To the subject of the Fine Arts attention has been more than ordinarily directed by occasional discussions raised in the House of Commons, and the result has been Lord John Russell's declaration of the intention of Government to appropriate the whole of the building in Trafalgar Square to the reception of the pictures belonging to the nation. The Royal Academy will have to provide itself with a building elsewhere, but it will receive a vote of money in compensation for its loss of the tenement guaranteed to it by George the Third, and its removal will not be insisted on without due notice and preparation. Meanwhile the Vernon Gallery is to receive shelter in Marlborough House, which, when all the arrangements now in prospect are completed, is to be set apart for the establishment of the Prince of Wales. Another evidence of the growing interest of the public in matters of this nature is the change and improvement now promised in the management of the British Museum, where a "responsible executive council" is recommended as a substitute for the irresponsible mismanaging trustees. But the most remarkable and gratifying indication of the same excellent spirit is the announced determination of the prime minister to issue a Commission for the collection of evidence as to the existing state of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge.

The PUBLICATIONS OF THE MONTH have not been numerous, but they comprise several books of higher pretension than usual both in respect of subject and treatment. Mr. Charles Merivale has completed a portion of his History of the Romans under the Empire, which appears in two octavo volumes, and embraces the period from the first Triumvirate to the death of Julius Cæsar. It might be described as a history of the life and times of the greatest of the Romans, of the revolution which his genius brought about in the character of his countrymen as well as of their institutions, and of his assassination at the summit of human power and glory. Cæsar is the central figure throughout, and the view taken of his character and genius is extremely favourable. It may be worth remarking, that Mr. Merivale describes with some care the person and countenance of his hero; and tells us to rely less on the coins,-from which we derive our common notions of the vivid animation and heroic majesty of Cæsar's lineaments,-than upon the still remaining busts, which represent a long thin face, with a forehead rather high than capacious, furrowed with strong lines, and marked by an expression of patient endurance and even suffering, such as might be expected from frequent illness, and from a life of toil not unmingled with dissipation. He was pale in complexion ("wrought in him with passion," as Marlowe so grandly describes his conqueror Tamburlaine); had a tall and spare figure, and dark piercing eyes; was not only without beard, but was very scantily supplied with hair; and did his best to

conceal this baldness, which the ancients regarded as a deformity, by combing his locks over the crown of his head.-Mr. Merivale's History will extend, in subsequent publications, to the transfer of the seat of empire from Rome to Constantinople.

Another book on a great classical subject, not unworthily treated, is the first portion of Mr. Mure's Critical History of the Language and Literature of Ancient Greece, which has made its appearance in three octavo volumes. The plan of this history embraces six periods, of which the part now published contains the first and second, or Mythical and Poetical periods, devoted to the earliest authenticated productions of Greek poetical genius, and terminating in point of time at about the middle of the fifth century before Christ; the four remaining periods, the Attic, Alexandrian, Roman, and Byzantine, to be included in subsequent publications. Thus the complete history will extend from the primeval growth of the language, with the influences which modified its early culture and stamped the peculiar genius of the people upon it, down to the period when the decay and corruption of ancient civilisation finally extinguished it as a living language. In the portion now given to the public, Homer is the theme most prominently discussed; and certainly there exists in no other English book so detailed an examination and analysis of the Iliad and Odyssey. It is to be regretted that Mr. Mure should too exclusively have addressed himself to scholars, by leaving his extracts untranslated;

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for the variety and comprehensiveness of his treatment
of these earliest and greatest productions of the human
intellect would have interested all classes of readers.
He leaves nothing untouched-the origin of the poems,
the purpose and unity of the action, the divine me-
chanism employed, the style and its various elements,
the concordance, discordance, and interpolations of the
text, and the biography and influence of the writer-
fifteen chapters are occupied with these various discus-
sions; and it is almost needless to add, that Mr. Mure
strongly opposes the Wolfian theory, arguing for the
individuality of Homer's authorship, and for the per-
sonality of Homer himself. Apart from this great theme,
and that of the Homeric Hymns and Hesiod, we have
an outline of the history of lyric poetry, in its connex-
ion with the arts of music and dancing, a review of the
more remarkable occasions or objects of lyric celebra-
tion, and biographical notices of the more distinguished
lyric poets. To the extracts given from the latter, Mr.
Mure has appended careful translations by himself; and
in a series of appendices to each volume he has dealt
with the leading matters of dispute and controversy con-
nected with his subject.

Mr. Coleridge's daughter has collected such of her
father's supposed writings in the Watchman, Morning
Post, and Courier, ranging between the years 1795 and
1817, as could with any certainty be identified for his,
and, with such as he avowed by his signature, has
published them in three duodecimo volumes, as
Essays on his own Times, or a second series of
The Friend. They are dedicated to Archdeacon
Hare, and embody not a little of that system of thought,
or method of regarding public affairs from the point
of view of a liberal and enlarged Christianity,
which is now ordinarily associated with what is called
the German party in the English Church. Mr. Cole-
ridge's daughter thinks that these essays establish her
father's virtual consistency, and in one sense they do.
His habits of thinking were always the same; but in
proportion as his perceptive or imaginative powers pre-
dominated, their respective influences may be curiously
traced in the results to which they brought him. The
volumes are, in any case, not only a valuable contribution
to the history of a very remarkable man's mind, but also
to the history of the most powerful influence now exist-
ing in the world-the Newspaper Press. But to the
latter the past month has also contributed a more regular
and direct illustration in the shape of two post octavo
volumes by Mr. F. Knight Hunt, entitled The Fourth
Estate. Mr. Hunt describes his book very fairly as con-
tributions towards a history of newspapers, and of the
liberty of the press, rather than as a complete historical
view of either; but he has had a proper feeling for the
literature of his subject, and has varied his entertaining
anecdotes of the present race of newspaper men, with
extremely curious and valuable notices of the past.

Of books on mixed social and political questions the most prominent has been a new volume of Mr. Laing's Observations on the Social and Political State of the European People, devoted to the last two years (from the momentous incidents of which Mr. Laing derives sundry warnings as to the instability of the future, the necessity of changes in education and political arrangements, and the certain ultimate predominance of material over imaginative influences in the progress of civilisation, which his readers will very variously estimate, according to their habits of thinking); and Mr. Kay's collections of evidence as to the present Social Condition and Education of the People in England and Europe, which he has published in two thick post octavo volumes, and the object of which is to show that the results of the primary schools, and of the system of dividing landed property, existing on the continent, has been to produce a certain amount of mental cultivation and social comfort among the lower classes of the people abroad, to whichthe same classes in England can advance no claim whatever. The book contains a great deal of curious evidence in support of this opinion.

Of works strictly relating to modern historiy the first volume of General Klapka's memoirs of the War in Hungary, and a military treatise by Colonel Cathcart on the Russian and German Campaigns of 1812 and 1813, may be mentioned as having authority. Klapka was a dis

tinguished actor in the war he now illustrates by his
narrative, and Colonel Cathcart saw eight general actions
lost and won in which Napoleon commanded in person.
In the department of biography the principal pub-
lications have been a greatly improved edition of Mr.
Charles Knight's illustrations of the Life of Shake-
speare, with the erasure of many fanciful, and the
addition of many authentic, details; a narrative of
the Life of the Duke of Kent, by Mr. Erskine Neale,
in which the somewhat troubled career of that very
amiable prince is described with an evident desire to
do justice to his character and virtues; and a Life
of Dr. Andrew Combe, of Edinburgh, an active and
benevolent physician, who led the way in that application
of the truths and teachings of physiology to health and
education, which has of late occupied so largely the
attention of the best thinkers of the time, and whose
career is described with affectionate enthusiasm by his
brother Mr. George Combe.-Not as a regular biography,
but as a delightful assistance, not only to our better
knowledge of the wittiest and one of the wisest of
modern men, but to our temperate and just judgments
of all men, we may mention the publication of the
posthumous fragments of Sydney Smith's Elementary
Sketches of Moral Philosophy.

To the department of poetry, Mr. Browning's Christmas Eve and Easter Day has been the most prominent addition. But we have also to mention a second and final volume of More Verse and Prose by the late Corn-law Rhymer; a new poetical translation of Dante's Divine Comedy, by Mr. Patrick Bannerman; and a dramatic poem, called the Roman, by a writer who adopts the fictitious name of Sydney Yendys, on the recent revolutionary movements in Italy. In prose fiction the leading productions have been a novel on social life in America, by Mr. Cooper, called the Ways of the Hour; one entitled the Initials, depicting German social life, by a new writer; and an historical romance, called Reginald Hastings, of which the subject is taken from the English civil wars, by Mr. Eliot Warburton.

The FINE ARTS have taken an unusually wide field lately, and art progresses, like railways, by the mile. The Moving Panorama mania with which English artists were bitten by Mr. Banvard, showed itself very strongly at Easter. Several canvas locomotives were set a going on Easter Monday, but for an account of them we cannot do better than refer our readers to Mr. Booley's experiences, as set forth in No. IV. of "Household Words."

Another instalment has been paid towards the completion of the Nelson Column; the second of the four bas-reliefs was put up at the commencement of the month in the base of the column, immediately facing the National Gallery. It is the work of Mr. Woodington. The subject is the Nile, and the incident that in which "No," said the surgeon of the ship is quitting a disabled sailor, that he might attend to the wounded Admiral. Nelson, "I will take my turn with my brave fellows." The subdued suffering and settled composure of the hero are well represented. The action is good, and the story well made out. Two other bas-reliefs, together with whatever else is necessary for the completion of the column, are left to posterity.

The National Institution, a society of artists who formerly exhibited their works under the name of "The Free Exhibition of Modern Art," opened on the 14th in Regent Street, a gallery of 373 pictures: those most admired are Mr. R. Scott Lauder, the President of the Christ appearing Association, "Galeotti, the Astrologer, showing Louis XI. the First Specimen of Printing,' to two of his Disciples, on the way to Emmaus." One novel feature of interest is found in the landscapes of the Williams family. Three brothers exhibit with their names; but others of the family have adopted assumed names, in order to prevent confusion. Most praise has been bestowed upon "Noon," by one brother; "A Scene in Sussex," by a second; and a "Woodland River," by a third. The other pictures are so well selected, that the gallery is full of interest. At the end of the season it is to be thrown open gratis, for a fortnight.

THEATRES.

The Commissioners of Woods and Forests have received possession of Marlborough-house, from the officers of the late Queen Dowager's household; and it is understood that the Vernon Collection of pictures will be removed thither almost immediately.

In the Art-Journal for April is published the following statement of the number of Pictures Imported into the United Kingdom in the year 1849. From Prussia, 34; Germany, 1066; Holland, 1946; Belgium, 2420; France, 3498; Spain and Portugal, 326; Italy, 1723; other countries, 1678; total, 12691.

The New Society of Water Colours has opened its exhibition for this season. Miss Setchel, the painter of the well-known "Momentous Question," has another picture of the same class, "Jesse and Colin," the subject taken from Crabbe. Mr. Haghe's principal work is an eastern subject, a public reservoir attached to a mosque; but he has two pieces illustrating war in the seventeenth century, which attracted much notice. Vacher has a picture of the Bazaar of Algiers, with M. numerous groups of figures. Mr. E. H. Corbould has a number of pieces, of which the most remarkable is the "Country Girl." Mr. Absolom has depicted Joan of Arc in her prison. There are some excellent animal subjects by Mr. W. Harrison Weir; and landscapes by Mr. W. Bennett, Mr. Davidson, Mr. Penby, and others. Mr. Bennett's excited very considerable interest on the day of the private view. The exhibition, on the whole, is interesting.

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formerly, of M. Rousselot, the eminent violoncellist. Herr Ernst has been engaged as principal violin for the whole season,-an improvement of the plan, as unity and finish of execution can be obtained only by means of a permanent leader.

but wider in its range, has had two meetings this season, The "Musical Union," a society similar to the above, on the 9th and 23rd, under the direction of Mr. Ella. At its meetings, which are attended by very fashionable company, classical chamber compositions are performed by the most eminent instrumentalists of the day.

separate mention; not unfrequently, at this season, The benefit concerts are by far too numerous for there are three or four in a single evening.

forth their strength on re-opening after Easter. Amongst the THEATRES the two Italian Operas put mermoor. Majesty's commenced on the 2nd with Lucia di LamHer Mr. Sims Reeves the Edgardo; both native artistes, Miss Catherine Hayes was the Lucia, and and both triumphantly successfulcoincidence since the days of Billington and Braham.On the 4th Sontag re-appeared, as Norina in Don 1-an unprecedented Pasquale, and received an enthusiastic welcome.On Tuesday, the 9th, Sontag performed Rosina in the Barbiere di Seviglia; on the Thursday following, Zerlina in Don Giovanni; and on Thursday the 18th, Susanna, in the Nozze di Figaro.

with Masaniello, an Italian version of Auber's Muette The Royal Italian Opera opened on Thursday, 4th, de Portici, in which the principal character was sustained by Signor Tamberlik, a tenor new to this country, who was successful.-On the 9th, the old favourites Grisi, Mario, and Tamburini made their re-entrée to Lucrezia Borgia, and were received with acclamations.

A provincial paper mentions the discovery of the Original Portrait of Charles the First by Vandyck, lost in the time of the Commonwealth, and which has been found at Barnstaple in Devonshire. It had been for many years in the possession of a furniture-broker in that town, from whom it was lately purchased by a gentleman of the name of Taylor, for two shillings. Mr. Taylor, the account adds, has since required 2000l. for it. Mr. Layard and his party are still carrying on their by holiday crowds, to enjoy the expected entertainments On Easter Monday the English Theatres were attended Excavations at Nineveh. A large number of copper-extravagant parodies or burlesques of classical and vessels beautifully engraved have been found, and a heroic subjects. At the Haymarket there was a travestie large assortment of fine slabs, illustrative of the rule, of" Ivanhoe," in which Cedric, the Saxon, is a fine old conquests, domestic life, and arts of the ancient Assy- English gentleman, a foe to railways and all new-fangled rians, are daily coming to light, and are committed to improvements; Isaac of York, an advertising clothier; paper by the able artist, Mr. Cooper, one of the expedi- Locksley, a leader of a "swell mob;" Richard, a swagtion. Mr. Layard intends to make a trip to Chaboor, gering man about town; John, a sort of ancient Widthe Chaboras of the Romans, and to visit Reish Aina, dicombe, or master of the tournaments; and Sir Brian, the Resen of Scripture, where he hopes to find a treasure a minister of young France. The dramatic version of of Assyrian remains. "The Vicar of Wakefield," by Stirling Coyne, was well produced at this theatre. At Drury Lane came out diablerie and stage enchantment. Subsequently a meloan Eastern spectacle called "The Devil's Ring," full of dramatic piece by Mr. Bernard, called "A Passing Cloud," was produced.-At the Lyceum there was a burlesque of Cymon and Iphigenia," after Garrick, a charming jeu-d'esprit, in which some delicious old and now forgotten music of the Arne school is introduced.-At the Princess's "The Queen of the Roses" was a version of Hallevy's new opera La Fée aux Roses

The principal MUSICAL EVENTS of the month have been the concerts of the Philharmonic Society, on the 8th and 22nd. At the former the orchestral pieces (always the chief features of these concerts) were Spohr's third and Beethoven's fourth symphonies, Weber's overture to The Ruler of the Spirits, and Ries's overture to Don Carlos. Mr. Cooper played Mendelssohn's violin concerto with extraordinary vigour and effect. The singers were the Misses Williams, Mr. without the music.-The Adelphi entertainment, called Benson, and Mr. Bodda. At the latter there was a greater display than usual of "native talent" both Lulli, the famous violinist, who, from being a cook-boy, "Playing First Fiddle," is founded on the history of in composition and performance. Of the two sym- became the leader of Louis XIVth's memorable band phonies one was by Haydn, and the other by Mr. the "four and twenty fiddlers" of the old ballad. The Cipriani Potter, a work of great merit. Mr. Stern- other theatre had entertainments of a similar cast.dale Bennett's fine "Caprice,' with orchestral accompaniments, was played in a mas-smith's novel, and previously produced at the Strand for the pianoforte, Another piece, by Mr. Tom Taylor, founded on Goldterly style by Miss Kate Loder. The singers were Theatre, continues to be performed there; also an inter Miss Catherine Hayes and Mr. Whitworth, who were esting sketch, called "Poor Cousin Walter," in which greatly applauded, the one from Der Freischutz, and the other in Mozart's beau- parts. in the famous scena Mrs. Stirling and Mr. Leigh Murray have the principal tiful cantata "L'Addio." The Philharmonic Society is at present in a most flourishing condition. At the beginning of the season the subscription was almost filled up the day it was opened, and many persons have been unsuccessful in obtaining tickets. The only Oratorio performed during the month by the "Sacred Harmonic Society," at Exeter Hall, has been Mendelssohn Elijah.

The "Beethoven Quartet Society," established seven or eight years ago by the late Mr. Alsager, to do honour to the composer's memory by the perfect performance of his works, commenced its meetings for this season on Wednesday evening the 17th, under the direction, as

comic operas, was re-opened after Easter with an excel-
The St. James's, after a pleasant series of French
lent company for light French comedy and vaudeville.
Two stars have appeared, M. Samson and Mdlle Denain,
a first-rate comedian, but a distinguished dramatic
both of the Théatre Française. M. Samson is not only
author. He has appeared in two of his own pieces,
original of our farce, "My Wife's Mother."
"Un Veuvage," and "La Belle Mère et le Gendre," the
Denain's acting is a fine specimen of French "genteel
comedy," evincing grace and good breeding,-her prin-
Mdlle.
cipal performance, the "Marquise de Lenneterre," in
the comedy of that name.

COMMERCIAL RECORD.

BANKRUPTS.

From the Gazette of April 2. WILLIAM BARNES, Hungerford, Berkshire, auctioneer.-JoпN CROSTHWAITE, Liverpool, merchant.-JOHN HOWARD, Leeds, cloth-merchant.-ANDREW PALMER, Great Hadham, Hertfordshire, grocer.-HENRY SPILLER, St. John's-wood-terrace, St. Marylebone, slater.-DAVID STEAD, George-street, Adelphi.-WILLIAM STUBBS, Chapel Allerton, Yorkshire, innkeeper.-THOMAS WILLIAMS, Sandiway, Cheshire, innkeeper.-JOHN YOUNG, Manby, Lincolnshire, innkeeper.

April 5. ELIAS BRIMSON, Tiverton, Devonshire, grocer.-JULES GEORGE GEYELIN, Liverpool, zinc worker.-WILLIAM GORDON, Gloucester, dealer in Berlin wool.-THOMAS LEWIS, Exeter, draper.-PHILEMON AUGUSTINE MORLEY, Great Bridge, Staffordshire, iron manufacturer.-JOSEPH NYE, Mill-pond-wharf, Surrey Canal, pump maker.-THOMAS WILLIAM SPENCER, Devonport, draper-WILLIAM WALKER, Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, innkeeper.

April 9. ROBERT DAVIES EVANS and DAVID MEREDITH EVANS, Wrexham, Denbighshire, drapers.-JOHN HARRIMAN, Nottingham, draper.-RICHARD THOMAS PETERS, High Holborn, hotel keeper.

April 12. HENRY BRADING, Shepherdess-walk, City-road, licensed victualler.-JOHN CLARKE, Stourbridge, Gloucestershire, grocer.-JAMES PASSAND HOLYLAND, Fore-street, City, innholder.-JAMES HONIBALL, Ingram-court, City, and Dunston, Durham, anchor and chain cable manufacturer.-WILLIAM JAMES, Newport, Monmouthshire, bonded storekeeper.-HENRY PARIS, Liverpool, grocer.-BENJAMIN SYMES SAUNDERS, Stawell, Somersetshire, quarryman.-PHILIP STANGER, EDWARD EVANS, and SOLOMON CROSS, Birmingham, manufacturers of crown and sheet glass.-JOHN DAY TEESDALE, Boston, Lincolnshire, horsedealer. JAMES GALLEY WATSON, Sunderland, grocer.

April 16. JOSEPH ARUNDELL, Titchfield, Hampshire, common brewer.-DAVID HENRY BERESFORD, Stockport, Cheshire, linendraper.-ALEXANDER BROWN and WILLIAM TODD, Liverpool, provision merchants.-THOMAS COLLINGWOOD, Abingdon, Berkshire, butcher.-RICHARD DEAN, Church-st., Trinity-square, Southwark, builder.-JOSEPH DONOVAN, Oxford-street, fishmonger. EDWARD HOILE and JOSEPH WONFOR, Battersea, manufacturing chemists.-CHARLES JOHN HUBBARD, Crutchedfriars, City, and Saffron Walden, Essex, hop merchant.WILLIAM JOHN ALFRED JOE, Merchant's-dock-lane, Deptfordgreen, and Bexley-heath, Kent, shipbuilder.-DANIEL TURTON JOHNSON, HENRY HILDITCH JOHNSON, and GEORGE HILDITCH JOHNSON, Aldermary Churchyard, Watling-street, wholesale tea dealers.-MATTHEW DIXON ROBINSON, Dudley, Worcestershire, confectioner. BENJAMIN SYMES SAUNDERS, Stawell, Somersetshire, quarryman.-GEORGE ALEXANDER VON DOMMER, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, merchant.-GEORGE WILLIAMS, Woolwichcommon, Kent, builder.

April 19. THOMAS WHITMORE ALPORT, Bristol, ironmonger. JOHN ARNETT, St. Dunstan's-hill, City, Custom-house agent.JAMES BIRD, Cwmaven, Glamorganshire, grocer.-ELIZABETH HART and MARTIN HART, Northwich, Cheshire, draper.-JOSEPH HOLROYD, Dalton, Yorkshire, cotton dyer.-WILLIAM JOHN ALFRED IVE (and not JoE, as advertised in last Tuesday's Gazette), Merchant's-dock-yard, Deptford-green, Kent, shipbuilder. SAMUEL JACOBSON JACKSON, Richmond-buildings, Soho, picture dealer.-JAMES McEvoy, Hulm, Lancashire, grocer.-SARAH PATTISON, Winchester, glazier.-WILLIAM RAWSON, Market Rasen, Lincolnshire, cake and seed merchant. JOHN STORMONT, Shiffnal, Shropshire, iron manufacturer.WILLIAM STORMONT, Shiffnal, Shropshire, iron manufacturer. WILLIAM WILSON THOMPSON, Goole, Yorkshire, butcher.CHARLES VEALS, Uffculme, Devonshire, baker-GEORGE WINTER, Granville-square, Pentonville, merchant.

April 22. WILLIAM WALDEN, Park-place, Mile-end, brush manufacturer.-SAMUEL BROWNING, Farringdon, Berkshire, nurseryman.-JAMES POOLE and WALTER POOLE, Booth-street, Spitalfields, builders.-JOHN RICHARD WEST, Mill-wall, Poplar, block maker.-DAVID WILLIAMS, Bangor, Carnarvonshire, victualler.-WILLIAM SHARMAN, Hulm, near Manchester, builder.

THE STOCK AND SHARE MARKETS.

City, April 25. There have been few fluctuations in the Money Market during the month. The opening price for Consols on the 1st was 961. but the troubled aspect of affairs in France caused on the same day a decline. Since then prices have been firm, owing to the numerous purchases of small amounts, usually made soon after the payment of the dividends. The quotations therefore now stand nearly as on the 1st of April.

Railway Shares steadily declined in price from the beginning to the 16th of the month, when sales took place to an extent that amounted to a panic. Then came a re-action which promised well; but within the last day or two these banks have turned out a large number of shares on which they had made advances, and this, added to a prevalent want of confidence in the management of certain lines, once more brought prices low.

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Published at the Office, No. 16 Wellington Street North, Strand; and Printed by BRADBURY & EVANS, Whitefriars, London.

Monthly Supplement to "HOUSEHOLD WORDS," Conducted by CHARLES DICKENS.

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THAT ingenious and estimable French publicist, M. Ledru Rollin, who has been living in London for some months at the particular request of a great many of his countrymen, has favoured the world with a not very flattering account of us, as the result of his personal observation. He says we are declining in every way. We are crumbling to pieces like Carthage, Venice, Holland, and Spain. Capital is destroying our working classes; with the repeal of the navigation laws we have lost our hold upon the sea; everybody in the cities and the rural districts is starving (he is credibly informed of this by correspondents of the Morning Chronicle); nothing good is doing in parliament; the whole body politic is corrupted by the aristocracy; a young unaristocratic man of talent cannot get to the bar, queen's counsel dare not plead against the sovereign, and the common people are not allowed to be jurymen: in short, we are going to the deuce as fast as we can. Such is M. Ledru Rollin's opinion of us; yet for a people in this condition, we have a tolerably hopeful summary to present at the close of this merry month of May. The reader shall judge.

It has been the month of meetings. Orators have been holding forth, at Exeter Hall and elsewhere, on every conceivable subject; and probably more money has been afloat for the behoof of eager applicants than since the year of railroad scrip. The protection of the Aborigines, the conversion of the Hindoos, and the education of the Negro; the relief of the governess, the artist, and the distressed man of letters; have given very various scope to charitable effort. Ragged School Unions, Protestant Associations, Roman Catholic meetings, Exhibitions of Industry, Sons of the Clergy, Colleges of University and King's, Benevolent Newsvenders, Savings Banks Promoters, Foreigners in Distress, Distressed Undertakers, Sanitary and Parliamentary Reformers, Advocates of universal Peace, and Celebrators of the triumphs of War, have held crowded assemblages of sympathy and charity. Hospitals and Societies without end, Ophthalmic, Orthopedic, Philanthropic, Bible, Christian, Caledonian, Unitarian, Humane, Mendicity, National, British and Foreign, and Agricultural'; Homes for sailors, for shipwrecked fishermen, for penitent women, for trampers and beggars, for every class of Her Majesty's subjects; Model lodging houses, and Model proposals for the utmost extent of possible improvements; all have been active, earnest, and in their several ways successful. As for Parliament, of which our French critic speaks so contemptuously, a mere glance at the measures now completed or in progress, apart from the more leading topics to which we shall presently refer, will show that in really useful legislation we are making no inconsiderable advances. Convict prisons, and Crown Woods and Forests, Merchant Seamen and Irish Fishermen, National Schools and Official Salaries, Distressed Unions in Ireland and Improvement bills for Scotland, Charitable Trusts, Highways, Marriages, Libraries and Museums, Factories, Savings Banks, Benefices in Plurality, Chancery Reform, County and Prerogative Courts, and Borough Gaols, are all of them subjects under various stages of discussion, most of them likely to add some leaves to the statute book, and not a few of them certain to contribute something to the advantage and well-being of the community. And for that important barometer of national health, the great manufacturing and trading interest, though there has been a cry of alarm about deficiencies of growth which has raised the price of cotton, in other respects prices have remained steady, and the markets active and prosperous. After all, perhaps, we are not so near our decline as M. Ledru supposes.

It must be confessed that he receives sanction, however, from influential people among ourselves. The Protectionists, for example, have been very doleful as well as active during the month, in parliament and elsewhere. The Duke of Richmond opened the campaign by informing the House of Lords that the farmers were fast becoming ripe for revolution; and, after a few days, the landlords and farmers had a meeting at the Crown and Anchor, at which his Grace presided, to exhibit and report revolutionary progress. Here a Mr. Booker showed the destitution to which loss of protection had reduced him, by declaring his readiness to subscribe a thousand pounds to protect his friends at the hustings; a Mr. Chowler proclaimed that the farmers had not only nine-tenths of the horses of the kingdom, but men to ride upon them, and men that were not going to ride against the labourers whatever might come to pass after next harvest; a Mr. Allnutt warned the fundholder, as a drone, that the farmer, as a working bee, was quite losing his distaste to the notion of public robbery; a Mr. Caldecott recommended a league to refuse tithes and taxes; a Mr. Ball kept it up by declaring himself prepared to risk all, leave all, dare all, and take the most terrible steps that injury could suggest; a Mr. Higgins put this mystery into English by protesting himself ready to fight; and Sir Robert Peel was denounced, on the platform, as the arch-enemy of the human species. Nevertheless, nothing more immediately terrible ensued than a deputation to Lord John Russell, which, after getting somewhat cold comfort in Downing Street (for Lord Jolin reminded them that they had brought their own discomforts on themselves by refusing his fixed duty in 1840), proceeded for a little encouragement to St. James's Square, and were advised by Lord Stanley not by any means to expect immediate relief from either house of legislature, but to be patient, to agitate for themselves, and to live in hope of the good time coming, when, like Wellington at Waterloo, Up Guards and at Them might be the signal for victory. Already had this very war-cry issued, however, from a gallant yeomanry captain in the Lower House, and it was now too late to intercept Mr. Grantley Berkeley's motion for the re-imposition of duties on corn. It came on as advertised, and with a result not at all flattering to the Higgins and Chowler farmers. The division exhibited a great

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