as well as in the poorest Ox-goad and Gipsy-Blanket, he finds Prose, Decay, Contemptibility; there is in each sort Poetry also, and a reverend Worth. For Matter, were it never so despicable, is Spirit, the manifestation of Spirit: were it never so honourable, can it be more? The thing Visible, nay the thing Imagined, the thing in any way conceived as Visible, what is it but a Garment, a Clothing of the higher, celestial Invisible, 'uninmaginable, formless, dark with excess of bright'? Under which point of view the following passage, so strange in purport, so strange in phrase, seems characteristic enough:

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The beginning of all Wisdom is to look fixedly on Clothes, or even with armed eyesight, till they become 'transparent. "The Philosopher," says the wisest of this age, "must station himself in the middle:" how true! The Philosopher is he to whom the Highest has descended, and the Lowest has mounted up; who is the equal and kindly brother of all.

Shall we tremble before clothwebs and cobwebs, whe'ther woven in Arkwright looms, or by the silent Arachnes 'that weave unrestingly in our Imagination? Or, on the other hand, what is there that we cannot love; since all was created by God?

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Happy he who can look through the Clothes of a Man '(the woollen, and fleshly, and official Bank-paper and State-paper Clothes) into the Man himself; and discern, 'it may be, in this or the other Dread Potentate, a more or less incompetent Digestive-apparatus; yet also an in'scrutable venerable Mystery, in the meanest Tinker that sees with eyes!'

For the rest, as is natural to a man of this kind, he deals much in the feeling of Wonder; insists on the necessity and high worth of universal Wonder; which he holds

VOL. I.

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to be the only reasonable temper for the denizen of so singular a Planet as ours. 'Wonder,' says he, is the basis of Worship: the reign of wonder is perennial, indestructible in Man; only at certain stages (as the present), it is, 'for some short season, a reign in partibus infidelium.' That progress of Science, which is to destroy Wonder, and in its stead substitute Mensuration and Numeration, finds small favour with Teufelsdröckh, much as he otherwise venerates these two latter processes.

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Shall your Science,' exclaims he, 'proceed in the small chink-lighted, or even oil-lighted, underground workshop of Logic alone; and man's mind become an Arithmetical Mill, whereof Memory is the Hopper, and mere Tables of 'Sines and Tangents, Codification, and Treatises of what you 'call Political Economy, are the Meal? And what is that Science, which the scientific head alone, were it screwed 'off, and (like the Doctor's in the Arabian Tale) set in a 'basin to keep it alive, could prosecute without shadow of a heart, but one other of the mechanical and menial handicrafts, for which the Scientific Head (having a Soul in it) is 'too noble an organ? I mean that Thought without Reverence is barren, perhaps poisonous; at best, dies like cookery 'with the day that called it forth; does not live, like sowing, in successive tilths and wider-spreading harvests, 'bringing food and plenteous increase to all Time.'

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In such wise does Teufelsdröckh deal hits, harder or softer, according to ability; yet ever, as we would fain persuade ourselves, with charitable intent. Above all, that class of 'Logic-choppers, and treble-pipe Scoffers, and professed Enemies to Wonder; who, in these days, so numerously 'patrol as night-constables about the Mechanics' Institute of Science, and cackle, like true Old-Roman geese and gos'lings round their Capitol, on any alarm, or on none; nay

who often, as illuminated Sceptics, walk abroad into peace'able society, in full daylight, with rattle and lantern, and in

sist on guiding you and guarding you therewith, though the Sun is shining, and the street populous with mere justice'loving men' that whole class is inexpressibly wearisome to him. Hear with what uncommon animation he perorates:

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'The man who cannot wonder, who does not habitually 'wonder (and worship), were he President of innumerable Royal Societies, and carried the whole Mécanique Céleste ' and Hegel's Philosophy, and the epitome of all Laboratories ' and Observatories with their results, in his single head,'is but a Pair of Spectacles behind which there is no Eye. Let those who have Eyes look through him, then he may ' be useful.

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'Thou wilt have no Mystery and Mysticism; wilt walk through thy world by the sunshine of what thou callest Truth, or even by the hand-lamp of what I call AttorneyLogic; and "explain" all, "account" for all, or believe ' nothing of it? Nay, thou wilt attempt laughter; whoso ' recognises the unfathomable, all-pervading domain of Mystery, which is everywhere under our feet and among our hands; to whom the Universe is an Oracle and Temple, as ' well as a Kitchen and Cattle-stall, he shall be a delirious 'Mystic; to him thou, with sniffing charity, wilt protrusively 'proffer thy hand-lamp, and shriek, as one injured, when he 'kicks his foot through it?-Armer Teufel! Doth not thy 'cow calve, doth not thy bull gender? Thou thyself, wert 'thou not born, wilt thou not die? "Explain" me all this, or do one of two things: Retire into private places with

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thy foolish cackle; or, what were better, give it up, and

weep, not that the reign of wonder is done, and God's world all disembellished and prosaic, but that thou hitherto ́art a Dilettante and sandblind Pedant.'

CHAPTER XI.

PROSPECTIVE.

THE Philosophy of Clothes is now to all readers, as we predicted it would do, unfolding itself into new boundless expansions, of a cloudcapt, almost chimerical aspect, yet not without azure loomings in the far distance, and streaks as of an Elysian brightness; the highly questionable purport and promise of which it is becoming more and more important for us to ascertain. Is that a real Elysian brightness, cries many a timid wayfarer, or the reflex of Pandemonian lava? Is it of a truth leading us into beatific Asphodel meadows, or the yellow-burning marl of a Hellon-Earth?

Our Professor, like other Mystics, whether delirious or inspired, gives an Editor enough to do. Ever higher and dizzier are the heights he leads us to; more piercing, allcomprehending, all-confounding are his views and glances. For example, this of Nature being not an Aggregate but a Whole:

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'Well sang the Hebrew Psalmist: "If I take the wings ' of the morning and dwell in the uttermost parts of the universe, God is there." Thou thyself, O cultivated reader, 'who too probably art no Psalmist, but a Prosaist, knowing GOD only by tradition, knowest thou any corner of the 'world where at least FORCE is not? The drop which thou 'shakest from thy wet hand, rests not where it falls, but 'tomorrow thou findest it swept away; already on the

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wings of the Northwind, it is nearing the Tropic of CanHow came it to evaporate, and not lie motionless? Thinkest thou there is aught motionless; without Force, ' and utterly dead?

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As I rode through the Schwarzwald, I said to myself: That little fire which glows star-like across the dark-grow'ing (nachtende) moor, where the sooty smith bends over his anvil, and thou hopest to replace thy lost horse-shoe,‘is it a detached, separated speck, cut-off from the whole • Universe; or indissolubly joined to the whole? Thou fool, 'that smithy-fire was (primarily) kindled at the Sun; is fed by air that circulates from before Noah's Deluge, from 'beyond the Dogstar; therein, with Iron Force, and Coal Force, and the far stranger Force of Man, are cunning 'affinities and battles and victories of Force brought about; 'it is a little ganglion, or nervous centre, in the great vital system of Immensity. Call it, if thou wilt, an unconscious 'Altar, kindled on the bosom of the All; whose iron sacrifice, whose iron smoke and influence reach quite through the All; whose dingy Priest, not by word, yet by brain and sinew, preaches forth the mystery of Force; nay 'preaches forth (exoterically enough) one little textlet from 'the Gospel of Freedom, the Gospel of Man's Force, com'manding, and one day to be all-commanding.

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'Detached, separated! I say there is no such separation: 'nothing hitherto was ever stranded, cast aside; but all, were it only a withered leaf, works together with all; is 'borne forward on the bottomless, shoreless flood of Action, ' and lives through perpetual metamorphoses. The withered 'leaf is not dead and lost, there are Forces in it and around it, though working in inverse order; else how could it rot? Despise not the rag from which man makes Paper, or the litter from which the earth makes Corn. Rightly viewed