in 1898, are given in the subjoined table, which is classified according to the old compartimenti, not now recognised as legal divisions: Bologna Ferrara Forli Módena Parma Piacenza Ravenna 715 Reggio Emilia 876 1,448 232,557 224,917 457,474 497,378 343-49 259,678 256'60 282,160 389-19 | 291,938 295.78 274,641 219.71 230,022 241.11 Emilia 7,967 | 1.110,734 1,072,657 2,183,391, 2,314,553 290.52 5,819 2,065 338,285 341,214 679,499 824,125 399.09 223.62 184.52 Siracusa 1,442 173,295 168,231 341,526 433,786 300.82 Trapani Sicily Cagliari Sassari 329,614 217,497 203,138 420,635 471,950 90.69 948 9,936 1,468,104 1,459,797 2,927,901 3,603,310 362.65 5,204 4,090 9,294 141,612 142,365 283,977 387,132 408.37 110,646 14,265,383 14, 194, 245 28,459, 628 31,667,946 286.21 At the time of the census of 1881, the resident or legal population was 28,953,480. The number of foreigners in Italy was 59,956, of whom 16,092 were Austrians, 12, 104 Swiss, 10,781 French, 7,302 English, 5,234 Germans, 1,387 Russians, 1,286 Americans (United States), 1,212 Greeks, 922 Spaniards, and the rest mainly Turks, Belgians, Swedes and Norwegians,~ Dutch, Egyptians, Argentines, Brazilians. Most of The administrative divisions of Italy are provinces, territories (circondari), districts (distretti), and communes. There are 69 provinces: of which 60 are divided into territories, and 9 (the province of Mantua and the 8 provinces of Venetia) into districts. There are 197 territories and 87 districts. the districts (70) have been de facto suppressed, though still nominally existing as administrative divisions. The territories and districts are divided into communes (comuni), of which at the census of 1881 there were 8,259; the number at present (January, 1898) is 8,263. The population of Italy is in general perfectly homogeneous. According to statistics of 1861, the exceptions are: about 100,000 of French origin, in the territories of Aosta, Pinerolo, and Susa, in the province of Torino; from 3,000 to 4,000 of Teutonic origin in some communes of the territories (circondari) of Domodossola and Varallo, in the province of Novara, and of Aosta, in the province of Torino; from 55,000 to 60,000 of Albanian origin, in a dozen communes of Nearer Calabria, and in some communes of the provinces of Foggia, Avellino, Potenza, and Palermo; from 20,000 to 25,000 of Greek origin, in a few communes of Nearer and Further Calabria, and of the province of Lecce; lastly, from 7,000 to 8,000 of Spanish (Catalan) origin, settled in Alghero in the province of Sassari, in Sardinia. The population over 16 years of age in 1881 was 19,301,420; of these 7,047,163 were unmarried, 10,361,039 were married, and 1,893,218 were widowers or widows. Of the whole population, 16,205,371 or 56.9 per cent. were unmarried; 10,361,039 or 36.5 per cent. were married; and 1,893,218 or 6.6 per cent. were widowers or widows. The numbers of inhabitants at the different centres do not in Italian statistics afford a sufficient basis for distinguishing between the urban and rural population. In Northern Italy the population is scattered over the country and there are few centres. In Southern Italy and in the islands the country people live in the towns, coming and going to cultivate their own plots of land; consequently there are many populous centres where, if numbers alone were considered, the population would be regarded as urban, though it is, in truth, almost exclusively rural. The following statement gives the number of the head communes (capoluoghi) of provinces and of territories (circondari) or districts, with their population according to the census of 1881, but many of these local capitals have under 6,000 inhabitants :— The following table gives the population according to occupation in 1881, exclusive of children under 9 years:― Number of proprietors in Italy on December 31, 1881 : Land Buildings Land and Total Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Total Agriculturists 219,328 131,181 204,395 59,406 1,033,753 227,175 1,457,476 417,762 1,875,238 Pensioners and persons of means. 26,370 70,311 27,938 54,702 289,985 263,733 344,293 388,746 733,039 Other categories 102,088 133,524 249,725 185,768 579,885 274,165 931,698 593,457 1,525,155 347,786 335,016 482,058 299,876 1,903,623 765,073 2,733,467 1,399,965,133,432 II. MOVEMENT OF POPULATION. 1893 228,103 1,048,190 78,106 1,126,296 46,254 776,713 349,585 1894 231,581 1,028,242 74,693 1,102,935 46,256 776,372 326,563 1895 228,152 1,021,563 70,539 1,092,102 45,896 783,813 308,289 1896 222,603 1,025,227 70,278 1,095,505 46,364 758,129 337,376 1897 229,041 1,031,649 70,199 1,101,848, 47,132 695,602 406,246 2. Emigration. The numbers of emigrants from Italy to various parts of the world, according to Italian statistics (provisional for 1897), for six years were : |