outer sepals usually spreading, much smaller than the inner ones, which are usually 2- or 4-ribbed, furrowed, with scarious margins, with the inner surface shining, and with the angles generally pilose. Petals 2, 3, or 4 times longer than the calyx. Stamens numerous. Style bent at the base, but somewhat club-shaped at the apex. Stigma simple. Capsule covered by the calyx, 3-valved, 1-celled, opening at the apex. Seeds few, convex on the outside, and angular on the inside. Subshrubs, with the stems branched from the base; branches numerous, erect or procumbent, but generally ascendent. Leaves opposite, on short footstalks; lower ones smallest, usually with revolute margins, stipulate. Stipules linear-lanceolate. Racemes terminal, secund, simple, curved backwards before flowering; after flowering erect, elongated. Pedicels laterally bracteate at the base, drooping before flowering; when in flower erect, after flowering recurved or reflexed. (Don's Mill., i. p. 310.) Evergreen undershrubs, bushes, and trailers, of the smallest size; natives of Britain, and the southern part of the European continent. Many of the sorts are hybrids originated in British gardens. A. Petals yellow. 47. H. LAVANDULEFO`LIUM Dec. The Lavender-leaved Helianthemum, Identification. Dec. Fl. Fr., 4. p. 820.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 310. Varieties. De Candolle notices H. l. syriacum, the Cistus syrtacus of Jacquin; and Persoon records H. 1. Thibaudi, the Cistus racemòsus of Cavanilles. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, erect, branched. Branches long, terete, canescent. Leaves oblong-linear, with revolute margins; under surface tomentose, hoary; younger leaves canescent on both surfaces. Stipules and bracteas linear, acute, ciliated. Racemes 1-3-flowered, terminal. Flowers crowded. Calyxes glaucous. Sepals ciliated, outer ones minute; these become reflexed after flowering: inner sepals 2-nerved, oblique, acute. (Don's Mill., i. p. 310.) A bush about 1 ft. in height, a native of the south of France, and found also in Barbary, Spain, and Syria, in dry places; producing its yellow flowers in June and July. It was introduced into England in 1739, and, probably, is now lost, or confounded with some other sort. 48. H. STŒCHADIFO`LIUM Pers. The French-Lavender-leaved Helian- Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 79. Don's Mill., 1. p 310. Spec. Char. &c. Stem erect. Branches hoary, tomentose. Leaves oblong-linear, bluntish, somewhat tomentose on both surfaces; under surface hoary, upper surface greenish grey, with revolute margins. Stipules rather villous, linear-lanceolate. Racemes revolute before flowering. Flowers crowded. Calyxes villous. Outer sepals ciliated, green, inner ones acuminated, hoary. (Don's Mill., i. p. 310.) A native of Spain and Corsica. An upright bush, introduced in 1816, and producing its yellow flowers in June and July. 49. H. CRO`CEUM Pers. The Saffron-coloured-flowered Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 79.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 310. Varieties. De Candolle (Prod., i. p. 279.) records three forms of this species: one with the stipules longer than the footstalks of the leaves; another, with the stipules setaceous, shorter than the footstalks of the leaves; and the third with procumbent branches, shorter leaves, and racemes few-flowered. Spec. Char., &c. Stem shrubby, branched, somewhat procumbent. Branches simple, erect, hoary-tomentose. Leaves rather tomentose'; under surface canescent, upper surface glaucous with revolute margins; lower leaves almost round; middle ones elliptical, obtuse; upper ones, lanceolate, acutish. Stipules and bracteas erect, linear, oblong, villous, rather greenish. Calyxes yellowishglaucous, minutely pubescent. (Don's Mill., i. p. 310.) A procumbent plant, with large dark yellow flowers, found in Spain and Barbary, and, according to Sweet, cultivated in the Chelsea Botanic Garden in 1826, where, growing on rockwork, it covered more than a yard in diameter, and made a grand appearance in June and July, when it was covered with flowers. It is one of the most ornamental species of the genus, and no collection ought to be without it, if it were only for planting out in borders in the summer season. Ᏼ Ᏼ 4 2. 50. H. ANDERSO`NI Swt. Anderson's Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Swt. Cist., t. 89.; Don's Mill, 1. p. 310. Engraving. Swt. Cist., t. 89. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, procumbent, branched. Branches ascending, canescently tomentose. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acutish, rather tomentose, grey above, and canescent beneath, with the margins a little revolute. Stipules linear, awl-shaped, ciliated, a little longer than the petioles. Calyx tomentose. Petals imbricate. (Don's Mill., i. p. 310.) A pretty and curious plant, produced from the seed of H. croceum, that was fertilised by the pollen of H. pulverulentum, in the Chelsea Botanic Garden, in the year 1828. The seeds were self-sown in that year; in the year following, the plants produced flowers, from May to the end of November. "The flowers were very variable, some being of a bright yellow, and others, on the same plant, and sometimes on the same branch, of a pale straw colour." (Sweet.) It is a remarkably fast grower, an abundant flowerer, seeds freely, and is quite hardy. Sweet says, "We have named it in compliment to our respected friend Mr. William Anderson, the curator of the garden, to whom we are obliged for the opportunity of making drawings of many rare species, which we have not seen in any other collection." 251. H. NUDICAU'LE Dunal. The naked-stemmed Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Dunal. ined., and Dec. Prod., 1. p. 279.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 310. Spec. Char., &c. Stem shrubby, branched. Branches smooth at bottom, but hoary-villous at top. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, with revolute margins, tomentose on both surfaces; under surface hoary, upper surface yellowish green. Stipules linear, longer than the petioles. Calyxes profoundly sulcate, hardly pubescent, with elevated pilose nerves. (Don's Mill, i. p. 310.) A native of Spain, and found on mountains in the kingdom of Valentia. It was introduced in 1826, producing its yellow flowers in June and July. De Candolle doubts whether it is not only a variety of H. croceum. 52. H. GLAU CUM Pers. The glaucous Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 78.; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 279.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 311. Synonymes. Cistus glaucus Cav. Icon., 3. p. 31. t. 261., but not of Desf. Engraving. Swt. Cist., t. 111. Varieties. Two forms of this species are mentioned by De Candolle, viz. : H. g. aculiúscœlum, the upper leaves of which are oblong, and rather acuminated, with the upper surface glaucescent; and H. g. obtuliúsculum, the upper leaves of which are oblong elliptical, bluntish, the upper surface roughish and green. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, branched. Branches ascendant, hoarytomentose, hispid at the top. Leaves ciliated on their margins, scarcely revolute, tomentose on both surfaces; under surface hoary, upper surface greenish glaucous. Lower leaves round, the rest elliptic or lanceolateoblong. Stipules and bracteas pubescent, green. Pedicels and calyxes beset with white hairs. (Don's Mill., i. p. 311.) A suberect glaucous plant, from Spain and Italy, in 1815; and producing its small pale yellow flowers from June till August. It is a very desirable plant to keep in pots, for turning out in the borders, or on rockwork, in spring, as it is rather tender, and liable to damp off in the free soil, unless the situation is very dry and Plants were in the garden of Robert Barclay, Esq., at Bury Hill, near Dorking, in 1829. warm. 253. H. TOMENTO'SUM Dunal. The tomentose Helianthemum, or Sun Identification. Dunal ined., and Dec. Prod., 1. p. 279.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 311.; Smith's Eng. Bot., Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, branched. Branches elongated, ascendent, somewhat canescent. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, usually with revolute margins; under surface hoary-tomentose, upper surface smoothish, green. Calyxes furrowed, with elevated pilose nerves. (Don's Mill., i. p. 311.) A trailing plant, 1 ft. in height, found on the mountains of Scotland, and also in Spain and France, producing its yellow flowers, with imbricate petals, in July. 54. H. BARBA'TUM Pers. The bearded-racemed Helianthemum, or Sun-Rose. Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 79.; Swt. Cist., t. 73.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 311. Synonyme. Cistus barbatus Lam. Dict., 2. p. 24. Engraving. Swt. Cist., t. 73. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, erect, much branched. Branches clothed with fascicled hairs. Leaves hairy, green on both surfaces; lower ones roundish-ovate, upper ones elliptical. Stipules oblong, ciliated, hairy, longer than the footstalks of the leaves. Racemes long, hairy, bearded, many-flowered. Calyxes warted, hairy. Petals crenulated, imbricate at the base. (Don's Mill., i. p. 311.) A native of the south of Europe, producing its yellow flowers in June and July. It is an upright-growing shrub, and was introduced in 1820. It is a very distinct species, a free grower, and requires no protection. Plants were in the Chelsea Botanic Garden in 1828. 55 H. LEPTOPHY'LLUM Dunal. The slender-leaved Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Dunal. ined., Dec. Prod., 1. p. 279.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 311. Engraving. Swt. Cist., t. 50. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, woody, rather procumbent, branched. Branches ascendent, rather tomentose, greyish. Leaves narrow, oblong-linear, tapering into the short footstalks, with revolute margins; under surface covered with short cinereous tomentum; upper surface smoothish, green. Stipules awl-shaped, pilose, scarcely longer than the footstalks. Racemes long. Calyxes covered with long hairs. (Don's Mill., i. p. 311.) A trailing plant, from Spain, in 1818, producing yellow flowers in June and July. It is a vigorous-growing plant, very distinct in its appearance, and very hardy. The petals of the flowers are large, and of a fine dark yellow. Plants were in the Chelsea Botanic Garden in 1826. 56. H. ACUMINA TUM Pers. The acuminated Helianthemum, or Sun Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 79.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 311. 57. H. SERPYLLIFO`LIUM Mill. The Wild-Thyme-leaved Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Mill Dict, No. 8.; Swt. Cist., t. 60.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 311. Engraving. Swt. Cist., t. 60. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose. Branches ascendent, glabrous at the base, and pilose at the apex. Leaves oblong-elliptical, with revolute margins; under surface hoary-tomentose; upper surface intensely green, shining, at first rather pilose, afterwards almost smooth. Stipules and bracteas green, ciliated. Calyxes canescent, with inconspicuous down, and with the nerves sparingly pilose. (Don's Mill., i. p. 311.) A trailing shrub, with large yellow flowers, the petals of which are distinct. It is found on the Alps of Styria and Austria, as well as on the mountains of Spain. It was introduced into our gardens in 1731, and continues in flower from May to September. It was found wild in Somersetshire, by Mr. Sweet and some others, in 1826, in which year there were plants of it in Mr. Colvill's Nursery, Chelsea. 58. H. VULGARE Gært. The common Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Gært. Fruct., 1. p. 371. t. 76.; Don's Mill., 1 p. 311. Synonyme. Cistus Helianthemum Lin. Sp., 1. p. 744., Fl. Dan., t. 101., Smith's Engl. Bot., 1321., Curt. Fl. Lond., fasc. 5. t. 36. Varieties. There is a very handsome double-flowered variety, with pale yellow flowers; and another, called Lee's new double yellow, with dark yellow flowers; both of which are in general cultivation in the nurseries. De Candolle also notices two forms of the species: one with tomentose pubescent branches, and stipules scarcely longer than the footstalks of the leaves; and another with branches glabrous at the base, but pubescent upwards, and the stipules twice or thrice the length of the petioles of the leaves. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, procumbent, branched, branches elongated. Leaves scarcely revolute at the margins; under surface cinereously hoary, upper surface green, pilose, somewhat ciliated; lower leaves somewhat orbicular, middle ones ovate-elliptical, upper ones oblong. Stipules oblonglinear, ciliated, longer than the footstalks of the leaves. Racemes loose. Pedicels and calyxes pilose. (Don's Mill., i. p. 311.) The stamens, if touched during sunshine, spread slowly, and lie down upon the petals. (Smith.) Native of dry and hilly pastures throughout Europe, and common in Britain. It was first recorded under the name of Helianthemum vulgàre by Ray, who says that the flowers are very seldom white. Sir J. E. Smith says, "It is a variable species, but less so than authors make it." (Eng. FI., iii. p. 26.) It is a trailing shrub, flowering from May till September. The double-flowered varieties ought to be in every collection. 59. H. SURREJA NUM Mill. The Surrey Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Mill. Dict., No. 15.; Swt. Cist., t. 28.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 311. Synonyme. Cistus surrejanus Lin. Sp., 743., Smith's Eng. Bot. Engravings. Dill. Elth., 177. t. 145. f. 174.; Swt. Cist., t. 28.; Eng. Bot., t. 2207. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, procumbent. Leaves ovate-oblong, rather pilose. Racemes many-flowered, terminal. Petals narrow, lanceolate, jagged. (Don's Mill., i. p. 311.) Found wild in Surrey, near Croydon. It is a procumbent shrub, with yellow flowers, the petals of which are distinct, and the calyxes pilose. It flowers from July to October. Plants were in the garden of Mrs. Dickson, of Croydon, in Surrey, in 1826. 60. H. OVA'TUM Dunal. The ovate-leaved Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Dunal ined., Dec. Prod, 1. p. 280.; Don's Mill, 1. p. $11. Synonyme. Cistus ovàtus Viv. Frag., 1. p. 6. Engraving. Viv. Frag., 1. t. 8. f. 2. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, procumbent, much branched. Branches villous. Leaves ellip tic lanceolate, tapering into the footstalks, bluntish, silky-villous on both surfaces, ciliated. Stipules somewhat longer than the footstalks of the leaves, villously ciliated. Peduncles 1-3flowered, terminal. Calyxes rather villous. (Don's Mill., i. p. 311.) A trailing plant, from the mountains between Viterbo and Ronciglione, and in the Alps about Geneva. Introduced in 1818, and producing its yellow flowers from June to August.. 261. H. GRANDIFLO`RUM Dec. The large-flowered Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Dec. Fl. Fr., 4. p. 821.; Don's Mill, 1. p 311. 73 62. H. OBSCU`RUM Pers. The obscure Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Pers. Syn., 2. p. 79.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 311. Synonyme. H. obscurum a Dec. Flor. Fr., 6. p. 624. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, ascendent, much branched. Branches hairy. Leaves elliptical, hairy on both surfaces, greenish; upper ones elliptic. Stipules ciliated, longer than the footstalks. Racemes long. Calyxes hairy. (Don's Mill., i. p. 311.) A native of Europe, in woods and dry wastes, and introduced into British gardens in 1816. It is hardly procumbent, forming a small roundish bush, about 1 ft. in height, and producing its pale yellow flowers, which are rather small, from May to August. 63. H. TAURICUM Fisch. Identification. Fisch. MSS. Swt. Cist., t. 105.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 312. Engraving. Swt. Cist., 105. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, much branched, procumbent. Branches procumbent, beset with long hairs. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, with rather revolute margins, pilose on both surfaces, green above and paler beneath. Stipules lanceolate-linear, ciliated, longer than the petiole. Flowers large. Calyx shining, rather hairy. Petals imbricate. (Don's Mill., i. p. 312.) A very ornamental species, from Tauria, with large pale yellow flowers, which appear from May to October. Sweet says, 66 It has, most probably, been confused with H. grandiflòrum by many authors; but, when the plants are seen growing together, no two plants need appear more distinct: the present spreading flat on the ground, and extending its branches round to a great distance, and these being only slightly suffrutescent at the base; whereas H. grandiflòrum grows upright, or has its branches spreading and ascendent, forming a neat little bushy shrub." Plants of this species were in the Fulham Nursery in 1829. The Taurian Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. 264. H. LUCIDUM Horn. The shining-leaved Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Horn. Cat. Hort. Hafn., p. 498. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, procumbent. Leaves stipulate, ovate, green, glossy, with revolute margins. (Don's Mill., i. p. 312.) The native country of this sort is uncertain; but it is said to have been in cultivation in British gardens since 1826. The flowers are yellow, and produced in May and June. 265. H. NUMMULA`RIUM Mill. The Money-wort-leaved Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Mill. Dict., No. 11.; Swt. Cist., t. 80.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 312. Synonymes. Cistus nummulàrius a Lin. Sp., 743., not of Desf. and Cav.; H. obscurum 3 nummulàrium Dec. Flor. Fr., 6. p. 624.; H. angustifolium of many botanic gardens. Engraving. Swt. Cist., t. 80. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose. Branches procumbent, hairy. Lower leaves orbicular, upper ones oblong-linear, hairy; under surface greenish cinereous. Stipules linear-oblong, twice the length of the footstalks of the leaves. Racemes and calyxes hairy. (Don's Mill., i. p. 312.) A native of the south of France and of Italy, and strongly resembling H. vulgare; from which, according to Sweet, it is readily distinguished by its broader and flatter leaves. It has been in cultivation since 1752, producing its bright yellow flowers from June to August. 66. H. ANGUSTIFOLIUM Pers. The narrow-leaved Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 79.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 312. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, diffuse. Branches rather tomentose, cinereous. Leaves on short footstalks; upper ones linear-oblong, with revolute margins, acutish; under surface clothed with canescent tomentum, upper surface rather hispid. Stipules pilose, longer than the footstalks. Racemes loose. Calyxes pubescent, rather hairy; hairs deciduous. (Don's Mill., i. p. 312.) cultivation since 1800; and, according to De Candolle, probably the same as H. nummulàrium. In 67. H. HI'RTUM Pers. The hairy Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Pers. Syn., 2. p. 79.; Swt. Cist., t. 109.; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 281.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 312. Synonymes. Cistus hirtus Lin. Sp., 744., Smith's Fl. Græc., exclusive of synonyme of Barrelier, Cav. Icon., 2. p. 37. Engravings. Swt. Cist., t. 109.; Smith's Fl. Græc., t 501.; Cav. Icon., 2. t. 146. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, branched. Branches ascendent, numerous, tomentosely hairy, cinereous. Leaves ovate or oblong, with revolute margins; under surface canescent, upper surface greenish cinereous. Stipules narrow, rather longer than the footstalks of the leaves. Calyxes densely covered with white hairs. Petals obcordate, imbricate. (Don's Mill., i.p.312.) A native of Spain and of the south of France, and in cultivation in British gardens since 1759. It is a very distinct sort, readily distinguished by its large deep-yellow flowers, which appear in June and July, and by its very hairy leaves. Plants of it were in the Chelsea Botanic Garden in 1829. |