In the subjoined table an abstract is given, after the same returns, of the average estimated rental per acre, the average extent of land held by each owner, and the average estimated rental of each owner in Great Britain and Ireland :

It is officially admitted that these returns cannot be altogether relied on, and have to be looked upon in general as understatements, seeing that the machinery by which they were obtained-namely, the valuation lists of parishes-was in many cases extremely defective. Still the figures must be held of considerable value as indicating approximately, and in the absence of all other information, the ownership and division of the soil of the United Kingdom.

The division of the sexes in the United Kingdom was as follows, at the census of April 3, 1871 :

The enumerated population of the United Kingdom is variously defined for fiscal, statistical, and administrative purposes, as shown in the following table:

Population, 1871

United Kingdom: including Islands in British Seas, and Army,
Navy, and Merchant Seamen abroad.

United Kingdom: including Islands in British Seas, but excluding
Army, Navy, and Merchant Seamen abroad

United Kingdom: excluding Islands in British Seas, and Army,
Navy, and Merchant Seamen abroad.

31,857,338

31,628,338

31,483,700

The population of the United Kingdom increased at the rate of 8.8 per cent. in the ten years between the census of 1861 and that of 1871. The numerical increase during the decennial period amounted to 2,557,406, representing a daily addition of 500 to the population.

Computed on the basis of the registration of births and deaths, the population of the United Kingdom and its divisions was, exclusive of army, navy, and merchant seamen abroad, as follows, at the end of June, in the ten years from 1867 to 1876:

:

The estimated population of the principal towns of the United Kingdom was as follows, according to the returns of the RegistrarGeneral, at the end of June 1876:-London, 3,489,428; Glasgow, 545,144; Liverpool, 521,544; Manchester, with Salford, 496,342; Birmingham, 371,839; Dublin, 314,666; Leeds, 291,580; Sheffield, 274,914; Edinburgh, 215,146; Bristol, 199,539; Bradford, 173,723; Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 139,929; Hull, 136,933; Portsmouth, 124,867; Leicester, 113,581; Sunderland, 108,343; Brighton, 100,632; Nottingham, 93,627; Oldham, 88,609; Norwich, 83,430; Wolverhampton, 72,549; Plymouth, 72,230.

The Registrar-General of England states that the population of the United Kingdom is increasing at the rate of 1,173 a day. But

emigration takes away 468 of that number, leaving 705 a day to swell the population at home.

Subjoined is a more detailed account of the population of 1. England and Wales; 2. Scotland; 3. Ireland; and 4. Islands in the British Seas.

1. England and Wales.

England and Wales, taken by themselves, are more densely popu lated than any other country in Europe, except Belgium. On an area of 58,320 square miles, or 37,324,883 acres, there lived, on the 3rd of April 1871, according to the census, 22,712,266 inhabitants, or 389 individuals per square mile. The population of England and Wales was as follows at the eight enumerations, 1801 to 1871:

The following table shows the area, in statute acres, number of inhabited houses, and population of each of the 52 counties of England and Wales, at the date of the census of 1871

One-fourth of the total urban population of England and Wales is in London. The limits of the metropolis are variously defined by the Registrar-General and the corporate and other bodies exercising administrative functions, and under these definitions the population was found to number, at the census of 1871, from 3,024,066 to 3,885,641 souls. The following table gives the results of both the census of 1861 and of 1871:—

Eighteen cities and towns have been selected by the RegistrarGeneral for the publication of weekly rates of mortality in comparison with those of the metropolis and of other British and foreign cities. Those eighteen cities and towns comprise a total population of 6,270,275, being less than a third, but more than a fourth, part of the entire population of England and Wales. Within their municipal limits, the population enumerated in 1861 and 1871, with the decennial rates of increase, was as follows: