crusts, and cheese-parings, pitying them, wanderers far from their friends and native land; while circumhabitant infancy and childhood congregate around the smiling minstrel, melted by the pathetic cadences of "All round my hat," or stimulated to saltatory exercitations by the toe-andheel inspiriting air of "Jump Jim Crow." Their little rotund chubby faces beaming with smiles; the poor grinder, though hungry, perchance, or cold, responding to their merriment with a hop, skip, and jump, an accompanying whistle, and a good-humoured grin; the affectionate mothers in the background looking on with that look of mingled pride and tenderness, the mother's own expression-make a picture we often stop and gaze at, wishing for the pencil of a Wilkie. The Savoyards, among whom, by the way, are comprised Tyrolese, Genoese, Sardinians, and Italians proper, have their ambitions like other men; one is happy in the possession of a pair of white mice-another glorified in the tricks of a mischievous monkey; all grades of mechanical music belong to them, from the discordant hurdygurdy to the organ imitative of a full band. The ne plus ultra of their art, however, is the conduct of their "comédie," as they call it, which, being interpreted, meaneth no more or less than the puppet-show. The popularity of these exhibitions, though considerable, never rises to that height of enthusiasm where with our populace receive the immortal Punch, now naturalized in our northern clime, and, to the manner of the people, adapted, if not born.

The poor Savoyards are eminently gregarious, huddling together in narrow courts and alleys on the northern side of Holborn, whence you may see them set out in groups, on Sunday mornings, for Primrose Hill, Hampstead, and Highgate, where, in the shady woods or sunny meadows, they idle away the livelong summer's day, indulging in fond remembrances of their far distant mountain home, and laying up in their pulmonary apparatus, as much fresh air as serves them for the week ensuing. It is truly miraculous how those poor creatures make out life, paying, as they do, extortionate sums for the use of their music mills, to those who make a trade of letting them out for hire, faring hard, ill-lodged, and exposed to all weathers; yet do they struggle on in

the hope of saving a few pounds, wherewith to support their aged parents, or settle themselves for life in the pleasant valleys they have left behind.

SPANIARDS we see little of in London; they form a very minute fraction of the adventuring foreigners who swell our full tide of existence. Incapable from character and habit of exertions of trifling ingenuity, and from the long and destructive wars that have desolated their country, indifferent to trade, manufacture, or commerce, they have neither great nor petty business to attract them here. The wine, cork, fruit, and cigar trades, occupy a few merchants of no great note in the city; a few obtain a precarious subsistence by teaching their language, or the guitar; they have no peculiarities to distinguish them from other continental foreigners, except it may be the high feeling, grave deportment, and formal politesse, characteristic of their nation; whenever you meet a Spaniard in London, you may be sure, whether he be poor or rich, you come in contact with a gentleman.

GERMANS we have in abundance: musicians, teachers of languages, clockmakers, bookbinders, and artizans of various descriptions: mute, inglorious Stulzes in great numbers, attracted hither by the uncontrollable propensity of our indigenous snips to indulge in the striking absurdity of "strikes." By the way, our native-born artizans of all sorts, give every encouragement to the inundation of swarms of foreigners, by reckless indulgence in suicidal combination against their employers, not seeing that every recurring "strike" brings into the labourmarket hundreds of interlopers, who cannot so easily be got rid of, thus lowering the wages of the home artizan, and spreading distress among our humbler population. Your German in London resembles your German any where else; heavy, dunder-headed, gross, beer-and-'bacco-bemuzzed individual, but dogged and steady at his work, patient, and generally trustworthy.

AMERICANS are to be found in the commercial quarters of our world, but by no means in the numbers they contribute to Liverpool, where they may be found at every evening party. As we do not in these papers intend to inflict upon the reader descriptions of that which we have not had leisure

and opportunity to contemplate, we cannot undertake to describe the American in England. Once, and only once, had we an opportunity of contemplating the native-born Yankee, at the hospitable board of a commercial acquaintance in the city.

The biped was certainly curious, we might say unique: though, as we have said, we cannot undertake to describe the species, we make no scruple of identifying the individual, in the hope that our Zoological Society may secure the animal without loss of time. The genius in question was attired in an amorphous blue coat, with huge brass buttons, a flaming vest, profusion of projected shirt and double ruffle, boots shaped like fire-buckets, nankeen unwhisperables fluttering about his limbs, resembling a purser's couple of shirts on a couple of handspikes, a white neckcloth with loose tie, and a churn-shaped castor under his arm. At first, we concluded he must be lunatic, but felt relieved upon hearing that he was only republican. He ate much, drank deep, talked loud. ly and incessantly: his topics were varied, and, as we thought, somewhat tinctured with incongruity: from one subject he rattled to another, dogmatizing and soliloquizing: "free and independent-niggers; rights of man -Lynch law: fourth of July-slave breeding civil and religious liberty ―tar and feathers: John Tyler-Jim Crow (these he called great menthe latter may be)-corn-laws—loafers shin-plasters-Van Buren: Congress-locofocos: civilization --- Kentucky: ex-President Adams, and the puddings made of Cobbett's corn and treacle, which said Adams had every day for dinner: General Jacksonclam soup: canvass backs-Governor Biddle," and so on, from the beginning of the fish to the end of the Madeira. On the retirement of the ladies, this extraordinary mammal called for brandy and cigars; which, being forthwith provided, he proceeded to imbibe and exhale, talking from between his teeth in a high nasal tone, expectorating, at short intervals, betwixt the bars of the grate, with the preci sion of a Chickasaw rifleman.

The impression produced upon the company by the conduct and conversation of this sample of transatlantic humanity, appeared to be unqualified disgust with Christopher Colombus for having discovered America, and a general inclination to take refuge with

the ladies. We should be sorry indeed to suppose that this remarkable item represented his nation; on the contrary, we imagine him to have been a living caricature of the American citizen, who is no doubt modest, wellbred, Christian-like, and sensible, as becomes his British origin. These ridiculous stories of Lynch law, tar and feathers, John Tylers and Jim Crows, we take to be merely little imaginary extravaganzas, in which men will at times indulge, who know that the listener must travel four thou sand miles to be able to contradict them.

THE HEBREW NATION next claims a share of our attention, as representing the most numerous, important, and wealthy body of distinct people in London. It may be considered strange that we should include our notice of the Jews under the head of foreigners in London, since they are our fellow-countrymen, and fellowcitizens, as Sir Moses Montefiori and Sir David Solomons (by the way; Sir Moses has an oddity of sound about it, reminding us of the father of chemistry, and brother of the Earl of Cork) can abundantly testify.

Yet, when we reflect that this most ancient, curious, and surpassingly interesting people, not only refuse to mingle or amalgamate with us, but maintain, with inflexible perseverance, not merely their religious tenets, but their distinctive character as a nation, we may be excused from classing a people so foreign in fact, if not in law, under our present division. Whether we are right in so doing, or wrong, makes no matter; we have told the reader that we cannot be answerable for exact classification; besides, what with the cold of this attic wherein we now write, fire gone out, and nobody to fetch a bundle of wood to re-light it, nothing in the house for dinner but the heel of a twopenny loaf and half an onion, and without either money or credit, it is no wonder we should put the Jews to bed with the Christians in our hurry. In the mean time, we must just step to the public-house over the way, warm our toes and fancy, and score, if we can, a half-pint of beer till Magazine day (albo dignum saxo notandi) comes round again.

The man who can look a Jew full in the face (we do not allude to Slo man, or any other of the Hebrew fraternity of bums, fellows that we cannot bear to contemplate otherwise

than at the top of our speed,) without perusing in his oval phiz, high, pale forehead, dark, deep-set, flashing eye, a volume of the romance of history more eloquent than Josephus ever writ, must have no more association in his pate than a block of the New Patent Timber Paving Company.

Talk of pedigrees, forsooth!-tell us of the Talbots, Percys, Howards, and such like mushrooms of yesterday !— show us a Jew, and we will show you a man whose genealogical tree springs from Abraham's bosom-whose family is older than the Decalogue, and who bears incontrovertible evidence in every line of his oriental countenance, of the authenticity of his descent through myriads of successive generations. You see in him a living argument of the truth of Divine revelation-in him you behold the literal fulfilment of the prophecies. With him you ascend the stream of time, not voyaging by the help of the dim, uncertain, and fallacious light of tradition, but guided by an emanation of the same light, which, to his nation, was "a cloud by day, and a pillar of fire by night;" in him you see the representative of the once favoured people of God, to whom, as to the chosen of all mankind, He revealed himself their legislator, protector, and king; who brought them out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. "Israelites," as Saint Paul saith, "to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises: whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh, Christ came, who is overall, God blessed for ever. Amen."

You behold him established, as it were for ever, in the pleasant places allotted him you trace him by the peculiar mercy of his God in his transition states from bondage to freedom; and by the innate depravity of his human nature, from prosperity to insolence, ingratitude, and rebellion: following him on, you find him the serf of Rome; you trace him from the smouldering ashes of Jerusalem, an outcast and a wanderer to all lands: the persecutor of Christ, you find him the persecuted of Christians, bearing all things, suffering all things, strong in the pride of human knowledge, stiffnecked and gainsaying, hoping all things, "For the Lord will have mercy on Jacob, and will yet choose Israel, and set them in their own land:

and the strangers shall be joined with them, and they shall cleave to the house of Jacob. And the people shall take them, and bring them to their place: and the house of Israel shall possess them in the land of the Lord, for servants and handmaids; and they shall take them captive whose captives they were; and they shall rule over their oppressors."

The associations connected with the history of the Jews are oppressive in interest, and would lead us far away from the humble and unpretending picture of manners we have proposed to limn in our homely Dutch-like way; he who would bring out in colours of truth and nature the romance of Jewish history, must be the Raphael, not the Teniers, of the pen.

When you are awoke early in the morning by the reiterated cry of "Old Clo"-or when the cunning little Isaac, who frequents our court, seduces all the good housewives to their doors and windows by the dulcet strains of his accordion, only to poke them into an exchange of a pair of discarded unwhisperables for a soup plate, soap dish, or some other article of his miscellaneous crockery-you have no idea of Jews or Judaism in London : : you must pack up your traps, make under our experienced tutelage a voyage into the East by 'buss or cab, and when we have shown you the Hebrew quartier, and initiated you into many of the peculiarities of Hebrew life, if you do not conclude the day by treating us to a jolly "blow out" at the Albion in Bishopsgate, then art thou indeed a very Jew-a Haman, upon whom Mordecai (me ipso teste) will take unutterable revenges.

The Jewish quarter, then, is bounded to the north by High Street, Spittalfields-to the east by Middlesex Street, popularly known and called Petticoat Lane-to the south by Leadenhall Street, Aldgate, and the hither end of Whitechapel-to the west by Bishopsgate Street, where we are engaged to dine at the Albion aforesaid. This is literally the New Jerusalem: here we Christians are foreigners, strangers in a strange land: here, over the doors, are inscribed pot-hooks and vowel points, indicative, to those who understand them, that Moses Abrahams furnisheth" slops" for home consumption and exportation-this we naturally conclude to be the meaning from the

po

articles exhibited in the windows; for though the sign be Hebrew to them, we need hardly say that it is Greek to us. Within the area bounded as above described, but especially about Bevis Marks, Houndsditch, St Mary Axe, and Petticoat Lane, you might readily imagine yourself transported to Frankfort, Warsaw, or any place enjoying a superabundant Jewish pulation; here, every face is of the shape, and somewhat of the complexion, of a turkey egg; every brow penciled in an arch of exact ellipse; every nose modeled after the proboscis of a Toucan; locks as bushy and black as those of Absalom abound, and beards of the patriarchal ages. Here, and hereabouts, Isaac kills beef and mutton according to the old dispensation: Jacob receives accidental silver spoons, and consigns gold watches, now warranted never more to lose a second, to the crucible, kept always at white heat in his little dark cellar, and no questions asked. Here, at the corners, Rebecca disposes of fried liver and 'tatoes, smoking hot, on little bright burnished copper platters, to all the tribes of Israel not prohibited by law to eat-that is to say, to all who possess the solitary "browns" wherewith to purchase the appetizing dainty. Solomon negotiates in the matter of rags: Esther rejoices in a brisk little business of flat fish fried in oil-a species of dainty in which the Jews alone excel: Moses and Aaron keep separate marine stores, where every earthly thing, furtively acquired, from a chain cable to a Cardigan, finds a ready sale: Rachel, albeit a widow, dispenses from behind the bar "short and "heavy" to the thirsty tribes: Ruth deals wholesale in oranges and other foreign fruits: Melchizedec dabbleth in Hebrew books and tracts: Absalom sells opium and Turkey rhubarb: Mordecai is a "crimp," the vulture of seafaring men: nothing is to be seen above, below, around, but Jewish physiognomies, Jewish houses, and Jewish occupations. The avidity with which this, in one sense, primitive people pursues gain is not wonderful, when we reflect that gain is all that the, till lately, unrelenting persecution of the Christian has left them to pursue with money, in the dark days of their history, have they purchased the poor privilege to live: with money have they secured for themselves in one country connivance,

in another toleration, in a third citizenship: with money have they made war, and set by the ears hostile Nazarenes with money have they negotiated peace-transferred from king to king diadems and sceptres-playing at chuck-farthing with the fates and fortunes of European and Asiatic nations. The same all-absorbing thirst of gold that formed the leading principle in the life of that pillar of the Stock Exchange, the well-remembered Rothschild, animates the merest Israelitish urchin who follows through the streets his bearded progenitor, esquire of the clothes' bag: to the pursuit of gain all their energies are directed with an intensity, unscrupulosity, and perseverance unknown to, and unattempted by, any Christian people: money they must and will have, "rem, quocunque modo rem:" the lowest depths of knavery, chicanery, and extortion, are practised by this rabble to accomplish this the end of their existence: for this, the infamous "crimp" grasps the hard earnings of the unsuspecting seaman as soon as he steps upon his native shore, and then spurns him naked into the street for this, the marine storedealers and receivers open their seminaries of theft: for this, the current coin of the realm is clipped, and ingots and sovereigns perspire: for this, the pander entraps, and the bawd opens wide the gates that lead to everlasting death, trafficking in Christian flesh for purposes worse than the worst of slavery.

We are no advocates for renewing the barbarities of the Edwards and the Henries, when a Jew's tooth was rated at a thousand pounds good and lawful monies of our Sovereign Lord the King, or for making our talented friend Nasmyth extractor-general of the tusk-tax yet we must candidly confess, that when we see the daughter of a Christian man patrolling the streets, decorated in the trumpery properties of a Jewish brothel, while the devil's dam, in the shape of an hideous Hebrew hag, follows the poor unfortunate, like the shadow of death, to clutch the wages of her shame, we really think a Christian government might, without any hazard of public odium, string up at the doors of their own dens, Mother Abrahams, Mother Isaacs, and Mother Jacobs. But, after all, perhaps it is better as it is: if this abominable traffic must be connived at, it is better that those should