The subjoined tables embody the leading details of the returns of the census taken February 26, 1891, and of the returns of the census taken March 15, 1901 :

In 1891 the population consisted of 112,573,612 males and 108,665,903 females; in 1901, of 117,804,942 males and 114,094,565 females.

Mysore was restored to the Native Government in March 1881.

Besides the provinces of India under direct British administration, there are, more or less under the control of the Indian Government, a number of feudatory or Native States, covering an extent of 633,462 English square miles, with 62,964,049 inhabitants. They are, according to the census of 1891 and 1901 :

The following are further details concerning the larger Native States:

The following table shows, in millions, the civil condition of the population. India, British territory and native States, so far as was ascertained by the census of 1901 :

Of the population of British territory in 1901, 117,804,942 were males and 114,094,565 were females. Of the population of the Native States in 1901, 32,146,882 were males, and 30,314,667 were females.

II. POPULATION ACCORDING TO LANGUAGE.

A bewildering number of languages and dialects appear in the Census returns, but many of them are spoken only by small tribes in the more remote tracts, and the real diversity of speech is not very remarkable, having regard to the vast population. Except in the south, the languages spoken throughout the plains of India belong to the great Aryan family, and the differences which exist between them are comparatively small. A man knowing ordinary Hindustani could make himself understood in most parts. The following table shows, for 1901, the chief linguistic families and sub-families with the population (in millions) assigned thereto :

The following table gives all the languages or dialects which are more prevalent than English, with the population (in millions and two decimals) of those who speak them as parent tongues :-

The British-born population in India amounted, in 1881 to 89,798, in 1891 to 100,551, in 1901 to 96,653. In 1901, the total number of persons not born in India, including the French and Portuguese possessions, was 641,854. Of these, 386,928 returned as their birth-place countries contiguous to India; 139,221, countries in Asia remote from India, including China; 96,653, the United Kingdom'; 10,645, European, American, or Australasian countries; while 8,407 were born in Africa, &c., or at sea.

III. OCCUPATIONS OF THE POPULATION.

The following table shows, in thousands, for 1901, the distribution of the total population, male and female, according to the occupations by which they live whether as workers or dependents :