Raid. London, 1897; Report of the Lands Settlement Commission, South Africa London, 1901; Report by Sir D. Barbour on the Finances of the Transvaal and Orange River Colony. London, 1901; Proclamations and Despatches concerning affairs in South Africa, 1900-01; Further Correspondence relating to Affairs in South Africa, January and July, 1902; Papers relating to the Progress of Administration in the Transvaal. (Cd. 1551) * and (Cd. 1553), 1903; Papers relating to the Finances of the Transvaal and Orange River Colony (Cd. 1552), 1903; Various papers and correspondence relating to the South African Republic and the Transvaal Colony (too numerous for insertion here) are given in detail in the catalogues issued by Messrs. King, Parliamentary Booksellers, Westminster. Local Laws of the South African Republic for 1886-93. In 3 series. Pretoria, 1888-94. Ninth Annual Report of the Witwatersrand Chamber of Mines for the year ending December 31, 1898. Johannesburg, 1899. Transvaal Mines Department: Statistics for Half-Year ending December 31, 1902. Pretoria, 1903. Noble (John), Illustrated Official Handbook of the Cape and South Africa. S. Capetown and London, 1893. Rapport v. d. Staats Myn Ingenieur over het jaar 1898 (with an English transation). Pretoria, 1899. Amery (L. S.), (Editor), "The Times" History of the War in South Africa. London In progress]. Argus Annual and South African Directory. Cape Town. Baillie (F. D.), Mafeking: A Diary of the Siege. London, 1900. Botha (P. M.), From Boer to Boer and Englishman. [English Translation from the Dutch]. London, 1900. Brown (A. S. and G. G.), Guide to South Africa. London, 1904. Bryce (J.), Impressions of South Africa. 3rd ed. London, 1899. Butler (Sir W. F.), The Life of Sir George Pomeroy-Colley. London, 1899. Cappon (J.), Britain's Title in South Africa. 2nd. ed. London, 1902. Churchill (W. Spencer), London to Ladysmith viâ Pretoria. London, 1900.- Ian Hamilton's March. London, 1900. Cloete (H.), History of the Great Boer Trek and the Origin of the South African Republics. London, 1899. Creswicke (L.), South Africa and the Transvaal War. 7 vols. London, 1900-02.-South Africa and its Future. London. 1903. London, 1903. New ed. London, 1902. Cunliffe (F. H. E.), History of the Boer War. 2 vols. London, 1904. London, 1895-96.--With General Keane (A. H.), Africa, Vol. II.: South Africa. 2nd ed. London, 1904.-The Boer States, Land, and People. London, 1900. Keltie (J. Scott), The Partition of Africa. 2nd ed. London, 1895. Krüger (P.), Memoirs of Paul Krüger. Told by Himself. 2 vols. London, 1902. Leclerg (J.), A travers l'Afrique Australe. 2nd ed. Bruxelles, 1900.-Les Boers et les Origines des Republiques Sud-Africaines. Bruxelles, 1901. Mackenzie (W. D.), South Africa: Its History, Heroes, Mahan (A. T.), The Story of the War in South Africa. Markham (Violet R.), South Africa Past and Present. South Africa. London, 1904. and Wars. London, 1900. London, 1900.-The New Era in Molengraaf (G. A. F.), Géologie de la Republique Sud-Africaine du Transvaal. Bulletin de la Soc. Geologique de France. 4e Série I, pp. 13-29. Paris, 1901. Also, Geological Survey of the South African Republic for the year 1898. Pretoria, 1902. Native Races of South Africa. Edited by Native Races Committee. London, 1901. Nevinson (H. W.), Ladysmith: The Diary of a Siege. London, 1900. Norris-Newman (C. L.), With the Boers in the Transvaal and Orange Free State in 1880-81. London, 1882. Poirier (J.), Le Transvaal, 1852-1899. Paris, 1900. Rae (C.), Malaboch or Notes from my Diary on the Boer Campaign of 1894. London, 1898. Ransome (S.), The Engineer in South Africa. London, 1903. Reclus (E.), L'Afrique Australe. Paris, 1901. Reitz (F. W.), A Century of Wrong. London, 1899. Sawyer (A. R.), Mining, Geological, and General Guide to the Murchison Range. London. Scoble (J.) and Abercrombie (H. R.), The Rise and Fall of Krügerism. London, 1900. Statham (F. R.) Blacks, Boers and British. London.-Paul Krüger and his Times. London, 1898. 8. Struben (F. P. T.), Notes on the Geological Formation of South Africa and its Mineral Resources. London, 1897. Theal (George McCall), History of the Boers in South Africa. London, 1887.-History of South Africa. 5 vols. London, 1887-93.-South Africa. 4th ed. London, 1899. Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa. Johannesburg. True History of the Boer War: Official Despatches from the General Commanding-inChief. London, 1901. Truscott (S. J.), The Witswatersrand Goldfields. Banket and Mining Practice. 2nd ed. London, 1902. Viljoen (B.), My Reminiscences of the Anglo-Boer War. London, 1902. Voigt (J. C.), Fifty Years of the History of the Republic of South Africa (1795-1845). 2 vols. London, 1899. Willoughby (W. C.), Native Life on the Transvaal Border. London, 1900. WEST AFRICAN COLONIES. These are four in number, all Crown colonies: GOLD COAST, LAGOS, GAMBIA, and SIERRA LEONE. GOLD COAST. The Gold Coast stretches for 350 miles along the Gulf of Guinea, between the French Ivory Coast and German Togoland. Governor, Sir John Pickersgill Rodger, K.C.M.G. (3,500l.). There are an Executive and Legislative Council, both nominated with five unofficial members in latter. The area of the Colony, including Protectorate, is about 119,260 square miles; population in 1901, 1,486,433,; the European population numbered 646. Chief towns: Accra, 14,842; Elmina, 3,973; Cape Coast Castle, 28,948; Kwitta, Saltpond, Winneba, Axim, and Akuse. There are 7 Government elementary schools, and 129 assisted schools which are under the control of the various religious bodies, the Basel, Wesleyan, Roman Catholic and Bremen Missions; attendance, 1903, 9,411 scholars; Government contributed in 1903, 4,6477. In 1903 the savings bank had 615 depositors with 5,7897. to their credit. In 1903, the 2 battalions of the Gold Coast regiment of the West African Frontier Force (formerly constabulary) at Kumasi and Gambaga contained 61 officers, 12 European non-commissioned officers, and 2,102 men, costing (for the year) 90,1717. The volunteer force contained 282 men; the police, 589. There were in the year, 3,171 criminal convictions. Staple products and exports, palm oil, palm kernels, and indiarubber; the export of valuable native woods is increasing. The botanical station at Aburi aids in the plantation of cocoanut trees, rubber, cocoa, coffee, cotton, pepper. nutmeg, pimento, and croton. In the Colony and in Ashanti gold is found in quartz, in banket, and in alluvium. The output of gold in 3 years was: 1901, 6,162 oz. (22,1877.); 1902, 26,911 oz. (96,8807.); 1903, 70,775 oz. (254,7907.) mostly from Ashanti mines (Obuassi). A government railway, with a 3ft. 6in. gauge, has been constructed from Sekondi on the coast to Obuassi (126 miles), and continued to Kumasi, a total length of 168 miles. The capital expenditure amounted to 1,753,4887. At Sekondi piers and jetties and stores are being built in anticipation of important traffic. Road construction is proceeding rapidly. There are in the Colony 890 miles of telegraph line, and telephone exchanges at Accra and Cape Coast; telegrams in 1903, 276,681. The number of letters, packets, &c., handled in the postal service in 1903 was 4,097,756.. Ashanti was placed under British protection on August 27, 1896, and a British Resident was appointed to Kumasi. Under orders in Council of September 26, 1901, the country was definitely annexed by Great Britain, the Governor of the Gold Coast being appointed Governor of Ashanti, though the laws and ordinances of the Gold Coast will not apply to the annexed territory. At the same time the Northern Territories lying to the north of the parallel of 8° N. lat., bounded on the west and north by the German possessions and on the east by the French possessions, were also annexed. The Territories are administered under the Governor, by a Commissioner and Commandant with his head-quarters at Gambaga. On the basis of a partial census taken in 1901 the population of the region to the north of Kintampo (variously estimated at from 38,000 to 50,000 square miles) is put at 317,964. The revenue (1903) was chiefly derived from caravan taxes (8,9177.) the total amount being 11,8917., while the expenditure amounted to 51,9417. The grant-in-aid amounted to 23,000l. Good permanent roads are being made and the Volta is now used for traffic by light steamers. A silver currency has been introduced with good results, but for small purchases cowries are still used. The Northern Territories are capable of producing various agricultural crops (cereals, indigo, tobacco), and are said to contain wide auriferous areas. Chief Commissioner of Ashanti.-Vacant. Commissioner and Commandant of the Northern Territories of the Gold Coast. -Vacant. LAGOS. The Lagos Territory as constituted under an Order in Council of July 24, 1901, consists of the Colony proper and the Protectorate. The former comprises Lagos Island and about 140 miles of coast lying between Dahomey and Southern Nigeria; the latter extends northwards over Yoruba to the confines of the French possessions on the Middle Niger within the boundaries defined by Order in Council of December 27, 1899. Governor, Walter Egerton, C. M.G., (3,0007.). There are Executive and Legislative Councils, the latter consisting of 10 members, 5 official and 5 unofficial. For provincial government steps have been taken to confer legal authority on chiefs and Councils. It is understood that the Lagos territory is about to be administratively united with Southern Nigeria. The area of the Colony proper is 3,460 square miles; that of the Protectorate is 25,450 square miles. On the total area of 28,910 square miles the estimated population in 1901 was about 1,500,000. The number of resident Europeans being 308. Lagos town and suburbs had 41,847 inhabitants of whom 233 were European. Of the native inhabitants, 10,636 were returned as Christian; 22,080 Mohammedan; and 9,131 Pagan. In 1902 the deaths in the Colony were in the proportion of 46.2 per 1,000 living; of Europeans, about 7 in 100. Of the whole population of the Lagos Territory, 3,479 (or 1 in 500) could read and write; 673 could read English; and 5,058 (1 in 300) could speak English. In the Colony in 1902 there were 34 schools with 4,310 pupils, the average attendance being 3,275. The grants for the year 1902 amounted to 1,4597. The schools mostly belong to missionary societies, Anglican, Wesleyan, and Roman Catholic. The Government Mahometan and Pagan schools had 192 pupils. In many schools industrial training is The military force consists of 520 men with 17 European officers, and 3 native officers. There is also a semi-military force of native police. In 1902, 1,235 persons were convicted summarily, and 48 in the superior courts. The chief agricultural crops are maize, yams, cassava, plantains, earthnuts, and fruits; other products being palm oil and kernals, ivory, gum copal, rubber, cotton, cocoa and coffee. The Lagos savings bank had on December 31, 1903, 1,465 depositors with 20,5561. to their credit. The Bank of British West Africa is established at Lagos. In 1903, 224, 236 letters and 10,993 parcels passed through the post-office. Government telegraph lines to Jebba and Wushishi on the Niger, and 17 miles of telephone line are in operation, and a cable connects with England. The railway from Lagos to Ibadan (124 miles, with a 3ft. 6in. gauge), with a branch (13 miles) to Abeokuta, has been working since March, 1901. There is a tramway from the sea to the Iddo railway station. Up to June 30, 1903, the capital expenditure on the railway was 882,9617. Routes for other railways have been surveyed, and there is a project to construct a line to the Niger and into Northern Nigeria. GAMBIA. In Gambia, at the mouth of the river Gambia, formerly formed part of the West African Settlements, but in December 1888 was erected into a separate colony. Governor, Sir G. C. Denton, K. C. M.G. (1,500l., and allowances 6007.). Executive and Legislative Council nominated. Area of colony proper, 69 square miles; population (1901), 13,456, including 198 whites, 7,707 Mohammedans, 5,340 Christians (Protestants and Roman Catholics), 2,209 pagans. The population consisted of 7,383 males and 6,073 females. the Protectorate (area, 4,500 square miles) the population was returned at 76,948 (36,552 males and 40,396 females). For the Colony and Protectorate the populaion was thus 90,404. These returns, however, were regarded as incorrect and in 1903 official estimates were made according to which the area of the Colony and Protectorate is 3,061 square miles, and the popula tion 163,718. With exception of the Island of St. Mary (area, 4 square miles; population, 8,807), on which Bathurst, the capital, stands, the whole Colony is administered on the Protectorale system. In June, 1901, an agreement was made with the local chief for the administration of the Fula Dugu district by the British, both banks of the Gambia being now under direct British control up to the Anglo-French boundary. In the Colony there are 6 government aided schools, with 1,164 pupils enrolled; and an average attendance of 685; Government grant, proportionate to results (1903), 3937. Of the schools, two are Roman Catholic, three Wesleyan, and one Anglican. The Wesleyans have also a secondary school with 24 boys, and a technical school with 21 pupils, which receives a grant of 3007. There is an armed police force of 80 men, and a company of the West African Frontier force of 120 men. In 1903, there were 406 convictions (mostly of minor offences) in the colony and Protectorate. Chief products and exports: ground nuts (45,774 tons in 1903), bees'-wax, rice, millet, sweet potatoes, cotton (about 60 tons in 1903), india-rubber. The trade is mostly with or through the adjoining French colony. Bathurst is connected with St. Vincent (Cape de Verde) and with Sierre Leone by cable, but there are no local telegraphs or railways. There is about a mile of telephone line connecting the Government offices at Bathurst. A tramway is in contemplation. The Gambia savings bank has 349 depositors and deposits amounting to 5,3827. The coin in circulation is estimated at 137,000, Though the legal currency is British, Freuch 5-franc pieces pass freely, about 90,000l. worth being in circulation. SIERRA LEONE. Sierra Leone lies between French Guinea on the north and the Republic of Liberia on the south. Governor, Leslie Probyn, C.M.G. (2,5001.); Colonial Secretary, G. B. Haddon-Smith, C. M.G. There are Executive and Legislative Councils, nominated. Sierra Leone proper consists of the peninsula about 26 miles long, and 12 miles broad, with an area of about 300 square miles, terminating in Cape Sierra Leone. The colony of Sierra Leone extends from the Scarcies River on the north, to the border of Liberia in the south, 180 miles. It extends inland to a distance varying from 8 to 20 miles and includes the Yellaboi and other islands towards the north, as well as Sherbro and several smaller islands to the south, but the Los Islands are ceded to France under Convention of 1904. Area about 4,000 square miles; population (census, 1901), 76,655, of whom 444 are whites. Protestants, 40,790; Catholics, 571; Mohammedans, 7,396; the rest pagans. The birth rate (1903) is 1971 per thousand, and the death-rate 23 12; infant mortality is very high. The Christian schools are all denominational, belonging to 6 missionary societies. In 1902 there were 85 primary schools with 7,039 enrolled pupils and an average attendance of 4,834. Their total expenditure was 2,9317., and their grant-in-aid 1,0767. There were 3 secondary schools for boys with 448 pupils, and 3 for girls with 348 pupils. A technical school begun in 1897 has 14 pupils. Furah Bay College is affiliated to the University of Durham, and is approved as a training school for teachers. In 1903 it had 35 students in residence. Under the Government department of Mohammedan Education, 4 schools, with an average attendance of 440, are at work in Freetown, taught, for the present, by Christian teachers. Mohammedan youths are being trained as teachers. Chief town, Freetown, 34,463 inhabitants-headquarters of H.M.'s forces in West Africa, 800 men of the West India Regiment, and a West African Regiment raised in 1898, besides engineers and artillery. The battalion of the West African Frontier Force contains 523 men; the civil police contains 260 men. Freetown, the greatest seaport in West Africa, is a second-class Imperial coaling station, with an excellent harbour fortified with several batteries of heavy guns. There is a Supreme Court, and police and petty debt courts in each district; in 1903, 54 persons were convicted of indictable offences. At Freetown there is a botanical garden, and at Songotown an experimental farm for instruction of the natives, the distribution of seedlings (eucalyptus, landolphia, &c.), and experimental cultivation of plants (cinnamon, cocoa, fibre plants, and rubber trees). Chief products and exports: palm oil and kernels, ginger. ground nuts, kola nuts, india-rubber. Cottongrowing is extending. There are many native skilled workers in gold and silver. Government savings banks with 57,6167. to the credit of 5,307 depositors in 1903. There are good roads, and much traffic on the many lagoons and canals. A government light railway, a single line of 2ft. 6in. gauge, is open from Freetown to Songotown, and across the Ribbi river to Rotifunk and Bo, beyond which it has been extended 40 miles. The length of line in February 1904 was 186 miles. Capital expenditure, 958,1867. The receipts in 1903 amounted to 36,6207. and the working expenses to 31,9267. Further railway and port works are projected for which a loan of 1,338,000l. has been obtained. In 1903, 519,777 letters were posted in the colony; money order transactions amounted to 46,9747., and 19,156 parcels were forwarded. S |