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'S YEAR-BOOK, 1905

USTRALIA.

lidation of the State debts, which were announced tions, accepted by a majority of premiers at a ne as it now stands provides that the State debts t the retention of a quarter of the revenue from alth be extended for thirty years from 1911, and, nother sources, the railway revenues be available lso provision for a sinking fund of not less than funds are to be placed in the hands of trustees on ns, to be raised in future outside the Commonnmonwealth Government, or, if not, then by the

constructed as follows on March 1, 1905:-
nds and Agriculture.-Mr. Butler.

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value, kr.

value, kc.

1902

7,731

1,293,007,560

1,3

119,315,100

1

54,414,360

34.420,441

1,639,115 528

1,65

1,095,130,466

1,13

87,556,836

In 1903 there were in Austria 5,947 telegraph offices, 25,070 mi and 116,700 miles of telegraph wire over which 16,463,654 message same year there were 429 local telephone systems with 158,800 miles C urban systems with 13,290 miles of wire. There were 135,587,4telephone.

The postal and telegraph revenue in 1903 amounted to 116,8 expenditure to 117,519,722 kr.

BRAZIL.

Brazilian Minister in London.-Senhor Francesco Regis de appointed, February, 1905.

Sugar Production.-The exports of sugar in the last four years are as follows:

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Coffee. The quantity and value of the coffee exports in the last thr

thus:

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The outstanding loans of China at the beginning of 1904 amo 120,000,000%. In February, 1905, a new "Boxer" loan was issued for 1, cent. interest secured on the Peking Octroi duties and the likin revenue o Shansi, The loan is redeemable in twenty annual drawings of equal amou Chinese Minister to Great Britain.-Tang Shao-Yi, appointed February, A new Province has been created named Kiang-huai, consisting of Province of Kiang-su which lies north of the Yangtse Kiang, together wit of Anhui, Honan, and Shantung.

En Shou has been appointed Goveruor.

CONGO STATE.

Respecting the works in progress for the defence of the frontiers of the Congo State an official report issued in February, 1905, intimates that two small forts have just been finished on the Rhodesian frontier, while six more are in course of construction along Tanganyika, at Uvira, and at the northern extremity of Lake Kivu. Important works are in progress in the Welle district and in the eastern province of the Free State. The two chief strongholds within the Lado enclave are at Lado and Dufile. The erection of the various forts has been carried out on the latest scientific principles.

The estimated revenue and expenditure of the Congo State for 1905 are as follows:

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The extraordinary expenditure, not included in the table, was estimated at 4,864,000 franes.

DENMARK.

British Minister to Copenhagen.-The Hon. Alan Johnstone, C.V.O., in succession to Sir E. Goschen, K. C.M.G., K.C.V.O.

FRANCE.

Councillor to the British Embassy at Paris.-Hon. Reginald Lister, M.V.O., appointed March, 1905. The special trade of France in 1904 (preliminary report) compared with the trade in 1903 is given as follows:

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In 1903 and 1904, the value of imports into France and exports from France from and to the principal countries were:

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Savings Banks.-The number of savings banks, of their branch offices, and of their depositors with the balance to the credit of the depositors on December 31, 1903 and 1904 (provisional figures) were as follows:

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FRENCH SOMALI COAST AND DEPENDENCIES.

The organisation is regulated by decree of May, 1896. The boundary towards Abyssinia is 90 kilometres from the coast by Convention of March 20, 1897. The boundary towards Erythraea is determined by the treaty of 1901. The total area of the colony is about 12,000 square miles; population about 50,000.

GERMANY.

Commerce. The value of the imports into Germany in 1904 amounted to 6,788,764,000 marks, and of the exports from Germany to 5,259,361,000 marks. The imports and exports of the several varieties of iron in 1903 and 1904 were as follows, in metric tons :

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The imports of coal in 1903 amounted to 6,766,513 metric tons; in 1904, to 7,293,042 metric tons, of which 5,808,032 metric tons were from Great Britain. In 1903 the exports of coal amounted to 17,389,934 metric tons; in 1904, to 17,996,726 metric tons. In the two years, the coal exports were to the following countries:

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In 1903, 432,819 metric tons of coke were imported; in 1904, 550, 202 metric tons; in 1903, 2,523,351 metric tons were exported; in 1904, 2,716,855 metric tons. The coke imports were mostly from Belgium; the coke exports were mostly to France, AustriaHungary, Belgium, Russia, and the Netherlands.

The imports of wheat into Germany in three years were as follows in metric tons:

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Prussian Ministry.-Dr. von Bethmann Hollweg, Prussian Minister of the Interior March, 1905.

ITALY.

New Ministry appointed March 29, 1905:

Premier and Minister of the interior.-Signor Fortis.

Minister of the Treasury.-Signor Carcano.

Minister of Justice.-Signor Finocchiaro Aprile.

Minister of Public Instruction.-Signor Leonardo Bianchi.

Minister of Public Works.-Signor Carlo Ferraris.

Minister of Posts and Telegraphs.-Signor Gualtierotti Morelli.

Minister for Foreign Affairs.-Signor Tittoni.

Minister of Finance.-Signor Majorana.

Minister of Agriculture.-Signor Rava.

Minister of War.-General Pedotti.

Minister of Marine.-Admiral Mirabello.

JAPAN.

The total imports of Japan in 1904 amounted to the value of 37,130,000l. sterling, and the exports from Japan to 31,930,000l. The chief imports and exports were :

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The imports and exports were chiefly from and to the following countries:

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Ministry.-Baron Melvil van Lyden, Minister for Foreign Affairs, has resigned; the portfolio will be held aå interim by Vice-Admiral Ellis, Minister of Marine.

PANAMA CANAL.

The Engineering Committee, in its Report to the Commission, February, 1905, recommends that the Canal be dug at sea-level with a minimum depth of 35 feet, and a width at bottom of 150 feet, and that twin tidal locks be constructed at Miraflores capable of accommodating vessels 1,000 feet long, and 100 feet wide. The total cost is estimated at 47,000,000l., exclusive of interest charges during the ten or twelve years required for construction.

PORTUGAL.

Envoy and Minister of Great Britain in Portugal.-Sir W. E. de Bunsen, K.C.V.O., appointed March, 1905.

RUSSIA.

Debt.-On January 1, 1904, the debt of Russia amounted to 6,636,112,841 roubles. In 1904, there were issued in France Russian Treasury bonds to the amount of 300,000,000 roubles, and in Russia State notes at 3.6 per cent. to the amount of 15,000,000 roubles. On January 1, 1905, the debt of Russia stood at 7,066,490,000 roubles, or, if the rouble be taken at 28. 1d., about 745,868,0001.

Political Constitution.-In accordance with a Rescript addressed by the Czar to the Minister of the Interior, March 2, 1905, requiring a convention of "the worthiest men, possessing the confidence of the people, and elected by them, to participate in the elaboration and consideration of legislative measures," a commission is being formed to arrange for the constitution of a permanent representative assembly, to be chosen under a determinate electoral procedure and to possess definite rights and duties. Minister of War.-General Bukhomlenoff, March 28, 1905.

SPAIN.

Ambassador in London.-Señor Polo de Bernabe, appointed March 17, 1905. Commerce. The commerce of Spain in the last three years is given as follows, in pesetas:

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