24,482,637 bushels; Indiana, 23,994,030 bushels; Missouri, 22, 194,614 bushels; California, 20,926,192 bushels; Washington, 19,986,345 bushels; Texas, 19,880,173 bushels; Illinois, 16,571,940 bushels; Michigan, 15,524,862 bushels. Other crops in 1903 and 1904 were : The flax The area on which hay was grown in 1904 was 39,998,602 acres; the crop weighed 60,696,028 tons, and was valued at 529,107,625 dollars. seed crop on 2,263,565 acres yielded 23,400,534 bushels in 1904. In 1904 the United States rice (rough) crop was as follows: The cane-sugar crop in 1903-04 amounted to 734,000 long tons (393,000 tons from Hawaii), and the beet sugar crop to 208,135 tons. In 1902-03, the molasses output was 50,283,622 gallons. The total area under cotton in 1902 was 27,114,103 acres; the crop amounted to 10,662,995 bales, valued at 418,358,366 dollars. The chief cotton-growing States were: Texas, yielding 2,704,479 bales; Georgia, 1,598,192 bales; Mississippi, 1,405,343 bales; Alabama, 1,131,094 bales; South Carolina, 843,660 bales; Arkansas, 804,493 bales; Louisiana, 880,811 bales; North Carolina, 599,668 bales. In 1903 there were under tobacco 1,037,735 acres, which yielded 815,972,425 lbs of tobacco, valued at 55,514,627 dollars. The chief tobacco growing states were Kentucky, 338,304 acres, yielding 267,260,160 lbs.; North Carolina, 214,878 acres, yielding 134,728,506 lbs.; Virginia, 162,300 acres, yielding 120,913,500 lbs. ; Wisconsin, 51,812 acres, yielding 69,946.200 lbs.; Ohio, 60,431 acres, yielding 51,064,195 lbs.; Tennessee, 71,198 acres, yielding 49,838, 600 lbs.; South Carolina, 40,149 acres, yielding 24,490,890 lbs.; Pennsylvania, 15,887 acres, yielding 22,495,992 lbs.; Connecticut, 13,234 acres, yielding 21,174,400 lbs.; Maryland, 33,059 acres, yielding 21,488,350 lbs.; New York, 7,960 acres, yielding 8,955,000 lbs. In 1900 there were 15,252 tobacco and cigar factories employing 150,539 persons (salaried and wage-earning); the capital employed was 124,089,871 dollars, the cost of raw material used in the year was 107,182,656 dollars, and the value of the output was 283,076,546 dollars. Their output of manufactured tobacco amounted to 286,901,878 lbs.; of snuff, 13,805,311 lbs.; of cigars, to the number of 6,176,596,421; and cigarettes, 3,258,716,305. Of unmanufactured tobacco, 19,619,627 lbs. were imported, and 344,655,697 lbs. exported. The following table exhibits the number of farm animals as reported by the Department of Agriculture, in 1880, 1890, 1900, and 1905 : The total value of farm animals in the United States on January 1, 1905, was 3,006,580,737 dollars. On July 1, 1900 (according to census returns), the domestic animals were: horses 18,267,020; mules, 3, 264,615; asses, 94,165; cattle, 67,719,410; sheep, 61,503,713; swine, 62,868,041; goats, 1,870,599. In 1900 there were slaughtered 5,530,911 beeves, 9,190,490 sheep, 30,654,333 pigs, and 899,748 calves. The slaughtering and meat-packing industries are carried on most largely in Illinois. In 1900 there were 18,112,707 milk cows, and their yield was 7,728,583,350 gallons of milk. The dairy products of factories were 420,954,016 lbs. of butter, 282,634,488 lbs. of cheese, and 186,921,787 lbs. of condensed milk. If products of farms be added, the total output of butter rises to 1,492,699,143 lbs., and of cheese to 299,006,818 lbs. Of the States, New York, Wisconsin, and Iowa have the largest dairy industries. In 1899 the estimated wool clip was 272,191,330 pounds; in 1900, 288,636,621; in 1901, 302,502,328; in 1902, 316,341,032; and in 1903, 287,450,000. The canning and preserving of vegetables and fruits is now an important industry. The census reports for 1900 show that the weight of canned vegetables (tomatoes, corn, pease, &c.) for the year was 1,172,467,073 lbs. ; of canned fruits, 302,127,819 lbs.; and of dried fruits, 81,314,406 lbs., the total value having been 45,379,548 dollars. This industry is most extensive in California, but in other states, notably New York and Maryland, it flourishes. The production of apples in the United States in 1903 amounted to 46,614,000 barrels ; of raisins, in 1902, to 108,000,000 lbs. ; of oranges and lemons to 12,400,000 boxes; of hops to 36,000,000 lbs. ; of prunes, in 1902, to 140,000,000 lbs. The vintage in California was, in 1902, estimated at about 43,059,746 gallons: in 1903, at 30,000,000 gallons The output of canned fruit and vegetables was about 3,404,058 cases. II. FORESTRY. The national forest reserves have an area of 62,801, 454 acres, having been increased by 2,932,729 acres in 1903. There are in 15 States and Territories 17 national parks with a combined area of 3,654, 825 acres, and 68,557 acres of woodland in 8 military reservations. In the absence of statistics the following data are given as the best available approximations. In round numbers there are about 1,000,000 square miles of woodland in the United States, or about one-third of the total area. More than two-thirds of the woodland is in the eastern and southern forests, the remainder on the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Slope. The present stand of merchantable timber is 1,150 billion feet. Of the 500,000 square miles covered by the merchantable forests, 92,000 square miles lie in California, Oregon, and Washington; about 85,000 in the Rocky Mountains, and the remainder in the East, the Lake States, and the South. In this remainder of 320,000 square miles 175,000 square miles are soft wood, and the balance hard wood. The white pine lumber out of Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota in 1903 was 4,791,852,000 feet; a smaller cut than any year since 1878 and but a trifle more than half that of 1890. The present area of merchantable yellow pine forests in the Southern States is about 80,000 square miles, with a stand of 137,250,000 feet. There are about 600 billion feet of merchantable timber in the 92,000 square miles of forest in the three Pacific Coast States. This is probably the heaviest stand of timber in the world. The lumber industry is fourth in rank among the industries of the country, following steel and iron, textiles, and slaughtering and meatpacking, in the order named. The census of 1900 reports 33,035 lumber establishments with a capital of 611,600,000 dollars, using raw material valued at 318,000,000 dollars and turning out a finished product worth 567,000,000 dollars; this is exclusive of wood pulp, naval stores, fuel, and minor forest products. The great bulk of the lumber cut is from conifers. For the whole country the percentage of conifers is 75. Almost every grade of lumber has decidedly increased in price of late years. III. MINING. The following are the statistics of the metallic products of the United States in 1902 and 1903 (long tons, 2,240 lbs. ; short tons, 2.000 lbs.) The values are for iron and nickel the value at Philadelphia; for gold and silver, the coining value; for copper, lead, and zinc, the values at New York; for quicksilver, antimony, and platinum (crude), the values at San Francisco; for aluminium, the value at Pittsburg :— 1 Commercial value (1902) 29,415,000 dollars; (1903) 30,520,688 dollars. 3 Including nickel in copper-nickel alloy, and in exported ore and metal. The following are statistics of non-metallic minerals for two years:— 1 Of 42 gal. 2 Of 300 lbs. for natural cement, and 400 lbs. for artificial Portland. 3 Of 280 lbs. net. The total value of the specified mineral products in 1903 was 1,418,721,569 dollars, the corresponding value for 1902 being 1,259,509,738 dollars. To each of these sums the official statement adds 1,000,000 dollars as the estimated value of unspecified mineral products. The out-put of pig-iron, of copper, and of lead, have been to the following amount and value in ten years :— The production and spot values of bituminous coal, Pennsylvania anthracite, and petroleum in ten years has been :- 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 118,820,405 107,653,501 1900 212,316,112 167,952,104 1901 1902 1903 46,358,144 78,488,063 51,785,122 82,019,272 48,523,287 81,748,651 46,974,711 79,301,954 47,663,076 75,414,537 53,944,647 88,142,130 51,221,353 85,757,851 225,828,149 236,422,049 60,242,560 112,504,020 260,216,844 290,858,483 36,940,710 76,173,586 88,766,916 71,178,910 282,749,348 351,687,933 66,613,454 152,036,448 100,461,337 94,694,050 49,344,516 35,522,095 52,892,276 57,632,296 60,960,361 58,518,709 60,475,516 40,874,072 55,364,233 44,193,359 57,070,850 64,603,904 63,620,529 75,989,313 69,389,194 66,417,335 The total production of gold and silver in the country was as follows in ten years: 64,000,000 31,422,000 72,051,000 36,445,000 39,655,000 32,316,000 1894 1,910,816 39,500,000 49,501,122 70,206,060 30,520,688 The precious metals are raised mainly in Colorado and California for gold, and Colorado, Montana, Utah and Idaho for silver. The coining value of the gold produced from mines in the United States from 1792 to 1903 is estimated by the Director of the United States Mint at 2,543,752,000 dollars, and of the silver at 1,873,477,000 dollars. Precious stones are found in considerable varieties in the United States; the total production in 1902 was valued at 338,300 dollars; in 1903, at 321,400. There are sapphire deposits in Montana yielding, in 1902, stones to the value of 115,000 dollars; in 1903, 100,000. The turquoise is found in Alabama, Arizona, California, and New Mexico; the production in 1902 amounted to the value of 130,000 dollars; in 1903, 110,000. The tourmaline deposits in Connecticut and Maine in 1903 yielded the value of 45,000 dollars. Garnets are found in North Carolina, Connecticut, Arizona, and New Mexico. Other stones found are beryl, agate, and quartz crystals in various forms. |