Aristotle, attacked by Roger Bacon, 155 Florence, in the fifteenth century, contrasted with Constantinople, 388; culture of the scholars of, 389; relations of, to Constanti- nople, 390
Fordham, John, bp. of Ely, makes
over to Peterhouse the church at Hinton, 230
Foreman, Tho., fell. of Queens', one of Bilney's converts, 563; his ser- vices to his party, ib. Fotehede, John, elected master of Michaelhouse, 446 Founders, motives of, in mediæval times, 443
Fox, Edw., bp. of Hereford, letter by, as royal secretary, to the univer- sity, 611; reports to king Henry on the progress of the divorce question at Cambridge, 618
Fox, Rich., bp. of Winchester, bishop
of Durham in 1500, 425; exe- cutor to the countess of Richmond, 464; Oxford sympathies of, 465; praises Erasmus's Novum Testa- mentum, 511; founds Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 521; a leader of reform at Oxford, ib.; innovations prescribed by, at the college, 522; his statutes largely adopted by Fisher in his first re- vision of the statutes of St. John's College, ib.
France, natives of, to have the pre- ference in elections to fellowships at Pembroke College, 239 Franciscans, the, institution of the order of the, 89; their rapid suc- cess in England, 90; settle at Cam- bridge, ib.; at Oxford under Grosse- teste, ib.; views espoused by, with reference to Aristotle, 117; more numerous and influential than the Dominicans in England, 138; es- tablish themselves at Cambridge, ib.; their house on the present site of Sidney, ib.; their rivalry with the Dominicans described by Mat- thew Paris, 148; two of the order empowered to levy contributions in 1249, 150; their interview with Grosseteste, 151; inclined in their philosophy to favour the inductive method, 185, n. 4; eminent, in England, 194; eminence of the English, at Oxford, 213, n. 1; their tendencies in England in the 15th century, 261; deed of frater-
nisation between their house and Queens' College, 317 Frederic II, the emperor, patronises the new Aristotle, 98; accused of writing De Tribus Impostoribus, ib.; sends translations of Aris- totle to Bologna, ib., n. 1; his letter on the occasion, ib.; employs Michael Scot as a translator, ib. Free, John, one of the earliest trans- lators of Greek authors in Eng- land, 397
Freeman, Mr. E. A., on the preva- lent misconception respecting earl Harold's foundation at Waltham, 162; facts which may tend to slightly modify his view, 163, n. 1 Freiburg, university of, compromise between the nominalists and real- ists at the, 417
French, students permitted to con-
verse occasionally in, 371; stu- dents required to construe an author into, ib.
Frost, name of an ancient family at Cambridge, 223
Froude, Mr., comparison drawn by, between Oxford and Cambridge in. connexion with the royal divorce, 616; his criticism tested by docu- mentary evidence, 617
Fuller, Tho., his view with respect to conflagrations in the university, 137; his account of the early hostels quoted, 218; his comments on the visitation of archbp. Arun- del, 288
Gaguinus, cited as an historical authority by bp. Fisher, 450; praised by Erasmus, ib. n. 2 Gairdner, Mr., his opinion on Lollard- ism quoted, 274
Gardiner, Stephen, an active member of Trinity Hall, 562; elected master of, ib.; reports to king Henry on the progress of the divorce question at Cambridge, 618
Gaza, Theodorus, his estimate of the translations of Aristotle by Argy- ropulos, 406; his success as a teacher, 429; his Greek Grammar, 430; the work used by Erasmus at Cambridge, ib.
Geography, errors in Martianus with respect to, 26
Geometry, nearly identical with geo- graphy in Martianus, 25
Genesis, first chapter of, how inter- preted by John Scotus Erigena, 41 Geneviève, St., school attached to the church of, the germ of the university of Paris, 75 Gerard, a bookseller at Cambridge, friend of Erasmus, 500 Gerbert (pope Sylvester 11), edition of his works by M. Olleris, 42; his system of notation identical with that of the Saracens, 43; but not derived from them, ib.; derived his knowledge solely from Christian writers, ib. n. 2; his method of instruction at Rheims, 44 Germany, the country where secular
colleges were first founded, 160; learning in, in the 15th century, 407; its character contrasted with that of Italy, 413
'Germans,' the early Cambridge Re- formers so called, 573 Gerson, Jean Charlier de, his prefer-
ence of Bonaventura to Aquinas, 123; educated at the college of Na- varre, 128; the representative of a transition period, 277; his De Mo- dis and De Concordia, 278; illustra- tion they afford of the results arrived at by scholastic metaphy- sics, ib.; these results little more than a return to Aristotle, 279; views of, respecting the relations of logic to theology, ib.; circum- stances under which these treatises were written, 280; his ecclesiasti- cal policy opposed at Basel by the English Ultramontanists, 281; ob- jected to boys being taught logic before they could understand it,
Gibbon, his dictum respecting Eras-
mus's debt to Oxford, 480 Gilds, numerous at Cambridge, 247; Toulmin Smith's description of their character, 248; Masters' de- scription of them open to excep. tion, ib. Giraldus Cambrensis, his Latinity superior to that of a subsequent age, 57; his comparison of the monk with the secular priest, 86, n. 1; description by, of the mode of living at St. Augustine's, Canter- bury, 87; a student at the univer- sity of Paris, 134
Glomery, master of, received his ap pointment from the archdeacon of Ely, 226, n. 1; see Mag. Glom.
God's House, foundation of, in con- nexion with Clare Hall, 349; re- moved to St. Andrew's parish, 445; receives a grant from Hen. vi, ib.; and of the revenues of alien priories in reign of Edw. iv, ib.; Christ's College a developement of, 447 Godeschalchus, significance of doc- trine respecting predestination maintained by, 40
Gondisalvi, translations of Avicenna by, in circulation in the twelfth century, 94
Gonell, Wm., a pupil of Erasmus at Cambridge, 499
Gonville, Edmund, founder of Gon-
ville Hall, a friend of the Domini- cans, 236
Gonville Hall, foundation of, 239; original statutes of, 240; these statutes contrasted with those of Trinity Hall, ib.; design of the founder of, ib.; name of, altered to that of the College of the Annunciation, 245; agreement be- tween scholars of, and those of Trinity Hall, 246; statutes given by bishop Bateman to, ib.; fellows of, required to lecture ordinarie, 247; must have attended lectures in logic for 3 years, ib.; allowance for fellows' commons at, 254, n. 2; a noted stronghold of the Reform- ers, 564
Gospellers, why the early Reformers
were so called, 608, n. 2 Gough, his account of the alien priories quoted, 304
Graduates of the university in A.D. 1489 and 1499, 319, n. 1 Grammar, how defined by Martia- nus, 24; taught in a less me- chanical fashion by Bernard of Chartres, 57; a knowledge of, a rare acquirement at the Conquest, 82; special provision for the tuition of, at Merton College, 167; first included in college course of study, 238; students at King's College required to have learned, before coming up, 308, n. 2; course of study pursued by the student of, 341; students of, held in less estimation, 343; the province of, neglected for logic until the 16th century, 344; present made to in- ceptors in, ib.; always included as branch of the arts course of study, 349; paucity of teachers of,
in the 15th century, ib. n. 3; schools, foundation of, discouraged in the 15th century, 349; general decay of, ib. n. 3
Grammaticus, the, at the university in the Middle Ages, 344; Erasmus's description of the life of, 345 Grantbrigge, the ancient, 332 Gratian, Decretum of, 35; general scope of the work, ib.; divisions of, 36; its general acceptance through- out Europe, ib.; lectures on, in- stituted by Eugenius in the 12th century, 72; not found in the library at Christchurch, 105 Gray, the poet, Installation Ode of, criticism on parsage in, 236, n. 1; inaccuracy in, 253, n. 1
Gray, Wm., bp. of Ely, grants a forty days' pardon to contributors to the repair of the conventual church of St. Rhadegund, 320; a pupil of Guarino at Ferrara, 397; brings a valuable collection of MSS. to England, ib.; its novel elements, ib.; he bequeaths it to Balliol College, ib.
Greek, known to Aldhelm, 8; but slightly known by John of Salis- bury, 57, n. 3; Lanfranc ignorant of, 104, n. 3; grammar found in the catalogue of the library at Christchurch, Canterbury, 104; scholars invited to England by Grosseteste, 154; authors, entire absence of, in the medieval Cam- bridge libraries, 327; authors im- ported into Italy in the 15th cen- tury, 400; learning, becomes as- sociated in the minds of many with heresy, 405; study of, jealousy shewn of, in fifteenth century, 482; decreed by Clement v in 14th century, ib.; opposition shewn to, at Basel, 486; more peacefully pur- sued at Cambridge than at Oxford, 496, n. 3; progress of the study of, at Cambridge, 511; authors on which the classical lecturer of C. C. C., Oxford, was required to lec- ture, 521, n. 2; Croke appoint- ed reader of, at Cambridge, 528; arguments used by Croke in favour of study of, 530
Greek fathers, influence of, on emi- nent Humanists, 483; translations of, in 15th century, ib.; spirit of their theology, 484; ordered by bp. Fox to be studied at C. C. C., Oxford, 523
Gregory the Great, his conception of education, 6; he anticipates the speedy end of the world, ib.; his character too harshly judged, 7 Gregory Ix, letter to, from Robt. Grosseteste, 90; forbids the study of Aristotle's scientific treatises at Paris, 98; interferes on behalf of the university of Paris, 119 Gregory XIII, pope, expunges the more obvious forgeries in the De- cretum of Gratian, 35
Greiswald, university of, less dis- tracted by the nominalistic con- troversies, 416
Grenoble, university of, formed on the model of Bologna, 74 Grocyn, Wm., claims of, to be re- garded as the restorer of Greek learning in England, 479 Grosseteste, Robert, 'the age of,' 84; scant justice done by Hallam to his memory, 84, 85; Mr Luard's testimony to his influence, 85; his testimony to the rapid success of the Franciscans in England, 90; his translation of the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs, 110; a student at the university of Paris, 134; his interview with the Fran- ciscan messengers, 151; his death, 153; testimony of Matthew Paris to his character, ib.; invited Greek scholars to England, 154; despair- ed of the existing versions of Aris- totle, ib.; ignorant of Greek, 156; good sense of, in sanitary questions, 339 and n. 1
Grote, Mr., his essay on the Psy- chology of Aristotle, 116, n. 1 Gualterus, his denunciation of the Sentences, 62
Guarino, the disciple and successor of Chrysoloras, 396; his success as a teacher, ib.; his death, 398 Guilds, see Gilds
Hacomblene, Robt., provost of King's College, author of a commentary on Aristotle, 426 Hales, Alexander, an Englishman, 113; the first to comment on the Sentences, 117, n. 3; a teacher at Paris, 117; commentary on the Metaphysics not by, ib.; his Sum-
ma, ib.; the 'Irrefragable Doctor,' 118; a student at the university of Paris, 134 Hallam, his retractation of credence in accounts respecting the early history of Cambridge, 66; scant justice done by, to Jourdain's re- searches upon the medieval Aris- totle, 93; his observation on the character of English literature during the Middle Ages, 152 Hand, refutation by, of the theory that Boethius was a martyr in the defence of orthodoxy, 28, n. 2 Harcourt, the Collége de, restricted to poor students, 130 Harmer, Anthony, his testimony to the character of Wyclif, 267 Harold, earl, favours the foundation
of secular colleges, 160, 161; his foundation at Waltham, 161; how described in the charter of Walt- ham, ib.; his conception at Walt- ham revived by Walter de Merton, 163
Heeren, theory of, that the media-
val knowledge of Aristotle was not derived from Arabic translations, 93
Hegius, school of, at Deventer, 409 Heidelberg, university of, formed on the model of Paris, 74; division into nations at, 79, n. 2; triumph of the nominalists at, 417 Heimburg, Gregory, defends the new learning at Neustadt, 408; subse- quently rejects it, ib.
Henry 11, king, expels the seculars at Waltham, 162
Henry III, writ of, to the sheriff of Cambridge, 84; invites students from Paris to come and settle in England, 107
Henry v, his design to have given
the revenues of King's College to Oxford, 305 and n. 2
Henry vi, resolves on the foundation
of Eton and King's College, 305; supersedes the commission for the statutes of King's College, 306; provides new statutes for the col- lege, ib.; had nothing to do with the ejection of Millington, 307; at- tachment to the memory of, shewn by Margaret of Richmond, 447 Henry VII, gives permission to Mar- garet of Richmond to found Christ's College, 447; visits the university in 1506, 448; attends divine ser- vice in King's College chapel,
451; his bequests towards the com- pletion of the edifice, 452; gives his assent to the revocation by the lady Margaret of her grants to Westminster Abbey, 462; his death, 463
Henry VIII, refusal of, to sanction the spoliation of St. John's Col- lege, 461; disinclined to surrender the estates bequeathed by the lady Margaret, 466; decrees that those who choose to study Greek at Ox- ford shall not be molested, 526; treatise of, against Luther, 572; stops the controversy between Lati- mer and Buckenham at Cambridge, 611; menaces Oxford, 616; letter of, to the university of Cambridge, 617
Henry, sir, of Clement's hostel, a reputed conjurer, 608; visited by Stafford, 609; burns his conjuring books, ib.
Heppe, Dr., on the state of educa- tion in the monasteries of the 13th century, 70, n. 2
Heretics' Hill, a walk frequented by
Bilney and Latimer so called, 582 Hermann, a translator of Aristotle attacked by Roger Bacon, 155 Hermolaus Barbarus, his services to learning at Venice, 430; the friend of Linacre at Rome, 479 Hermonymus, George, a teacher of Greek in Paris, 430
Hervey de Stanton, founds Michael- house, 234; statutes given by, to the foundation, Append. (D). Herwerden, quotation from a Com- mentatio of, 16, n. 2
Heynes, Simon, president of Queens' College, attended meetings at the White Horse, 573
High steward, office of, formerly ac- companied by a salary, 584, n. 3 Hildebrand, pope, protector of Be- rengar, 49
Hildegard, fulfilment of her pro- phecy respecting the Mendicants, 149
Hincmar, archbp. of Rheims, accepts the forged decretals, 34; his conse- quent submission to Rome, ib. Histoire Littéraire de France, criti- cism in, on the Sentences, 64, n. 2 Hodgson, Mr Shadworth, his essay on Time and Space, 189, n. 1; his agreement with Occam, ib.; quo- tation from, on Gerson, 279, n. 1
Holbrook, John, master of Peter- house and chancellor, appoints proctors in the matter of the Barn- well Process, 289; Tabulæ Canta- brigienses of, 609, n. 1 Holcot, Richard, distinguishes be- tween theological and scientific truth, 197; censured by Mazonius, ib. n. 2; on the neglect of theology for the civil law, 211 Holland, a part of Lincolnshire for- merly so called, 332, n. 1; Eras- mus's observations on, 489 Holme, Richard, a benefactor to the university library in the fifteenth century, 323
Honorius 1, pope, according to the Barnwell Process a student at Cambridge, 239, n. 1
Honorius III, pope, forbids the study of the civil law at Paris, 38 Horace, lectures on, by Gerbert, at Rheims, 44
Hornby, Hen., executor to the count-
ess of Richmond for carrying out the foundation of St. John's Col- lege, 464; his zeal in the under- taking, 465
Hospital of the Brethren of St. John, formerly stood on the site of St. John's College, 139; foundation of, 223; secular scholars intro- duced into, 227; separation be- tween the seculars and regulars at, 228; first nurtured the college conception, ib.; its rapid decay under the management of Wm. Tomlyn, 424; character of the ad- ministration at, 461; condition of, at beginning of 16th century, 462; dissolved by Julius 11, 467 Hostels, definition of the term as originally used at Oxford and Cam- bridge, 217; account of early, from Fuller, 218; early statute respect- ing, ib. and Append. (C); the resi- dences of the wealthier students, 368, n. 2
Hotham, John, bp. of Ely, probably the organiser of the foundation of Michaelhouse, 235; his character, ib. and n. 2
Huber, misconception of, with re- spect to the attention originally given to the civil law at Oxford and Cambridge, 244, n. 2; his de- scription of the English universities after the suppression of Lollard- ism, 275; errors in his statement,
ib.; his observations on the effects
of the statute of Provisors quoted, 286
Hucbald, of Liège, instructor of the canons of St. Geneviève in Paris, 69
Hugo of St. Cher or of Vienne, his writings frequently to be met with in the Cambridge libraries of the 15th century, 326; the divinity lecturer at C. C. C., Oxford, or- dered by bp. Fox to put aside, 523
Hugo of St. Victor, his writings fre- quently to be found in the Cam- bridge libraries of the 15th cen- tury, 326; contempt of Erasmus for, 502
Humanists, the, spirit of their stu- dies contrasted with the preceding learning, 380; few of, to be found among the religious orders, 416; their position and policy with re- spect to the old learning, 417; vic- tories of, 421; hopes of, prior to the Reformation, 559 Humphrey, duke of Gloucester, in- duces Leonardo Bruni to translate the Politics of Aristotle, 388; his bequests to Oxford, 399
Incepting, meaning of the term ex- plained, 355; account of the cere- mony, ib.; heavy expenses in- curred at, 356; for others, 358 Ingulphus, discredit attaching to the chronicle of, 66, n. 3
Injunctions, the royal, to the uni- versity, in 1535, 629
Innate ideas, theory of, rejected by the teachers of the early Latin Church, 192
Innocent II, pope, forbids the study of the civil law, 38
Innocent iv, pope, subjects the Men- dicants at Paris to episcopal autho- rity, 119; empowers the Francis- cans to levy contributions, 150 Intentio secunda, theory of the, 181; Arabian theory of, ib.
Irnerius, his lectures at Bologna on the civil law, 36; the real founder of that university, 72
Isidorus, a text-book during the Mid- dle Ages, 21; the Origines of, 31; novel feature in, ib.; De Officiis of, 33; copy of, at the library at Bec, 100; quoted by Roger Bacon,
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