-The Solar Obelisk of Augustus-The Column of Tra-
jan-The Quirinal Palace-The Capitol-The Forum—
Roman Triumphs-The Coliseum-St. John de Lateran
-The Obelisk of Thebes-The Tomb of Caius Cestius-
The Baths of Caracalla-The Appian Way-The Aque-
ducts-Historic Mementos-Mutius Scævola-Horatius
Cocles-Curtius-Regulus-Coriolanus-Cincinnatus—

Washington-Buonaparte-The Temple of Romulus and
Remus-The Mausoleum of Augustus-The Gardens of
Lucullus-The Palace of Mecenas-Appii Forum-St.
Paul-Defection from Primitive Christianity—Conver-
sion of Constantine-Convents-Tribunal of the Inquisi-

tion-Hannibal-General Berthier-Conclusion.

LETTER XVII. p. 442.

Italians, in low life, rude-high, adulatory-Markets-
Hours counted to four-and-twenty-Beggars-Instances
of Importunity-Roman Nobles-Their Palaces-Man-
ner of living-The Cardinal de Bernis-Albani-Idlers
-Statuaries-The first American that ever was at Rome-
Anecdotes of Ganganelli-Comparative merits of Paintings
and Painters-The Last Day of Michael Angelo-The
Madonna della Sedia of Raphael-The Farnese Hercules
-Popular Devotion-Lotteries-Annual Exhibitions—In-
different performance of Religious ceremonies-Description
of the Mass-Singing before the Madonnas.

LETTER

LETTER XVIII. p. 477.

Apostolical Visitation-Chiaramonti-Papal Functions at the
Celebration of Christmas-Forms observed, when the Pope
goes out in state-Incongruities, when he rides to take the air
-The Papal Troops-The Priests-The Monks-High
Mass at the Pope's Chapel-Cardinal York—The Senator
of Rome-Imitation of Primitive Devotion-Latin Sermon
-The Confraternity of the Dead-Charnel House-Roman
Funerals-The Prince de M-e-Confinement of the
Author for want of his passport—His Release-Coronation
of Pius VII-The Papal Benediction.

AMERICAN

LETTERS FROM EUROPE.

LETTER I.

Outset, from Paris-Route, through Champagne-Description of Basil.

Basil, August 1st. 1801.

MY DEAR FRIENDS,

E staid three months at Paris, in

WE

daily expectation of that intelligence from Philadelphia which should have induced our immediate return, if any thing had occurred at home that might have rendered it necessary. But our letters were unaccountably mislaid at Lon

don; and my Wife's health, though greatly improved by our residence in the South of France, demanded for the approaching winter the genial warmth of an Italian climate.

The flames of war, by which the fairest Countries in Europe had so long been desolated, were now happily extinguished by the treaty of Luneville; our inclination to see Rome revived; and the respectable Banking House of Perregaux and Company, which has maintained private credit amidst National bankruptcy, had offered, with obliging confidence, to furnish a passing Stranger with the necessary letters of credit.

Our old post-chariot, the running gear of which had been sadly dislocated by

the