Peri. Perigee. P.G. Past Grand. Ph.B. Philosphiæ Baccalaureus, Phil. Philip; Philippians; Philosophy; Philemon. Phila, or Phil. Philadelphia. Philomathematicus, A lover of mathematics. Phil. Trans. Philosophical Trans. actions. Phren. Phrenology. P.H.S. Pennsylvania Historical Society. Pinx. Pinxit, He (or she) paint. ed it. Q.B. Queen's Bench. Q.C. Queen's College; Queen's Counsel. q.d. Quasi dicat, as if he should say; quasi dictum, as if said; quasi dixisset. as if he had said. q.e. Quod est, which is. q.e.d. Quod erat demonstrandum, which was to be proved. q.e.f. Quod erat faciendum, which was to be done. q.e.i. Quod erat inveniendum, which was to be found out. q.1. Quantum libet, as much as you please. QM. Quartermaster. qm. Quomodo, how; by what R.A. Royal Academy; Royal Academician; Royal arch; Royal Arcanum; Royal Artillery. R.C. Rescriptum, A rescript, Rewritten. R.E. Royal Engineers. Rec. Sec. Recording Secretary. Reg. Prof. Regius Professor. Rep. Representative; Reporter; Rev. Reverend; Revelation (Book of); Review; Revenue; Revise. Rhet. Rhetoric. R.I. Rhode Island. R.I.H.S. Rhode Island Historical Society. R.M. Royal Marines; Royal R.M.S. Royal Mail Steamer. Ro. Recto, Right-hand page. Rom. Romans (Book of). RR. Railroad. R.S. Recording Secretary. Rs. Responsum, Answer; Respondere, To answer. R.S.A. Roval Society of Antiquaries; Royal Scottish Acad emy. R.S.D. Royal Society of Dub. lin. R.S.E. Royal Society of Edinburgh. R.S.L. Royal Society of London. Rt. Wpful. Right Worshipful. S.A. South America; South to art. Sam. Samuel. Sansc. Sanscrit. S.A.S. Societatis Antiquariorum Saxon. Sax. Chron. Saxon Chronicle. S.C. Senatus consultum, A de dree of the Senate; South Carolina. Sc. He (or she) engraved it. S. caps. Small Capitals. Sci.fa. Make known (legal), S.D. Sends health, Salutem dicit. Sec. Secretary; Second; Section. Sec. Leg. Secretary of Legation. S.M. Lond. Soc. Cor. Corresponding Member of the Lon. don Medical Society. s.n. According to nature, Secundam naturam. Soc. Isl. Society Islands. Sol. Gen. Solicitor-General. S.P.A.S. Member of the Ameri- Sq.ft. Square foot or square feet. Sq in. Square inch or inches. Sq.yd. Square yard. S.S. Sunday-school. SS. or ss. To-wit, Scilicet. S.S.E. South-southeast. S.T.D. Doctor of Sacred Theol. ogy. Ster. or Stg. Sterling. S.T.P. Professor Theology. Su. Sunday. Subj. Subjective. Subst. Substantive, of Sacred Su.-Goth. Suio-Gothic. Supt. Superintendent. Surv. Gen. Surveyor-General. s.v. Under the word or title, Sub verbo. SW. Southwest. Syn. Synonym; Synonymous. T. All together, Tutti. T. or Tom. Tome; Volume. T.E. Topographical Engineers. Tenn. Tennessee. Ter. Territory. Tex. Texas. Transactions. Treas. Treasurer. Trin. Trinity. Tues. or Tu. Tuesday. Typ. Typographer. U.C. Year of Rome. U.E.I.C. United East India Company. U.J C. Doctor of both Laws (Civil and Canon). U.K. United Kingdom. ult. Last; of the last month, U7timo. Unit. Unitarian. Univ. University. u.s. As above, Ut supra or uti supra. U.S.A. United States Army. U.S.A. United States of America. U.S.M. United States Mail. U.S.M. United States Marine. U.S.M.A. United States Military Academy. U.S.N. United States Navy. U.S.S. United States Senate. V. Five or fifth. V. Violin. VV. Violins. v. or vid. See, Vide. v. or vs. Against; In such a way: Versus; Versiculo. V.A. Vicar Apostolic. V. Adml. Vice-Admiral. Va. Virginia. Vat. Vatican. V.C. Vice-Chancellor. V.C. Vice-Consul. V.C.G. Vice-Consul-General. V.D.M. Minister of God's Word. Ven. Venerable. Ver. Verse; Version. Vicar-Forane. V.G. Vicar-General. v.g. As for example, Verbi Gratia. VI. Six or Sixth. VII. Seven or Seventh. ident. Vice-Pres. W.Lon. West longitude. W.M.S. Wesleyan Missionary W.N.W. West-northwest. X. or Xt. Christ. A SELF-INSTRUCTOR IN THE GERMAN LANGUAGE. BY THE NEW SYSTEM OF OBJECT-TEACHING, THE SIMPLEST METHOD KNOWN. TUDENTS will readily con- | language is careful reading of the standard works of German literature, which in time will bring fluency of both written and spoken expres cede that of all foreign languages the one which best deserves their attention is the German. The influence of the Teuton stock on American civilization and commerce is all-important, and as each year continues to bring thousands of German immigrants to our shores, it will be more and more felt. A practical illustration of this fact is shown in the cry for German in the public schools" which is heard in the leading cities of the country at the present day. Eventually a knowledge of the language will become so essential in the spheres of commercial and professional life that the business or professional man who cannot conduct conversation and correspondence in German will find himself at a decided disadvantage compared with him who has acquired the language. Those who wish to do so will find in the following system of self-tuition a means of grounding themselves so thoroughly in the principles of the language that, with its lessons well learned, they will have no difficulty in conversing and corresponding intelligibly with Germans whom they may meet in the way of business or social converse. And, having accomplished so much, all that will be needed to gain a mastery of the sion. THE ALPHABET. The German alphabet consists of the following twenty-six letters: ENGLISH CHARACTERS GERMAN ABC NAMES OF LETTERS. Bb ah bay 6 c tsay D D day e ay f ef e yot kah 21 el Nn Z iks as in English. as oo in pool. as fin feel. as v in vary. ypsilon as y in system. tset as ts in sits. VOWELS. The simple vowels are a, e, i, o, u. Their sounds are given above. å, æ, pronounced like a in have. , æ, pronounced like eu in the French word feu, or ou in touch. i, ue, pronounced like eeu, or the u in the French word sur. The ac- au, au, is pronounced like ow in now. |