of alcohol, in the highest state of concentration, though disguised with acrid oils; and is, on the whole, the most pungent substance known to me—indeed, a perfect liquid fire. In all their religious solemnities, potheen is said to be an indispensable requisite, and largely consumed.

"An Irish traveller, of perhaps common veracity, who presents himself under the to me unmeaning title of The late John Bernard, offers the following sketch of a domestic establishment, the inmates whereof, though such is not stated expressly, appear to have been of that faith. Thereby shall my German readers now behold an Irish Poor-Slave, as it were with their own eyes; and even see him at meat. Moreover, in the so precious waste-paper sheet above mentioned, I have found some corresponding picture of a Dandiacal household, painted by that same Dandiacal Mystagogue, or Theogonist. This also, by way of counterpart and contrast, the world shall look into.

"First, therefore, of the Poor-Slave, who appears likewise to have been a species of innkeeper. I quote from the original: The furniture of this Caravansera consisted of a large iron pot, two oaken tables, two benches, two chairs, and a potheen noggin. There was a loft above (attainable by a ladder), upon which the inmates slept; and the space below was divided by a hurdle into two apartments; the one for their cow and pig, the other for themselves and guests.

entering the house we discovered the family, eleven in number, at dinner; the father sitting at the top, the mother at bottom, the children on each side of a large oaken board which was scooped out in the middle, like a trough, to receive the contents of their pot of potatoes.

Little holes were cut at equal distances to contain salt ; and a bowl of milk stood on the table. All the luxuries of meat and beer, bread, knives, and dishes were dispensed with.' The Poor-Slave himself our traveller found, as he says, broad-backed, black-browed, of great personal strength, and mouth from ear to ear. His wife was a sun-browned but well-featured woman; and his young ones, bare and chubby, had the appetite of ravens. Of their philosophical, or religious tenets or observances, no notice or hint.

"But now, secondly, of the Dandiacal household; in which, truly, that often-mentioned Mystagogue and inspired Penman himself has his abode : A dressing-room splendidly furnished; violet-colored curtains, chairs and ottomans of the same hue. Two full-length mirrors are placed, one on each side of a table, which supports the luxuries of the toilet. Several bottles of perfumes, arranged in a peculiar fashion, stand upon a smaller table of mother-of-pearl; opposite to these are placed the appurtenances of lavation, richly wrought in frosted silver. A wardrobe of buhl is on the left; the doors of which being partly open discover a profusion of clothes. Shoes of a singularly small size monopolize the lower shelves. Fronting the wardrobe, a door ajar gives some slight glimpse of a bathroom. Folding-doors in the back-ground.-Enter the Author (our Theogonist in person), obsequiously preceded by a French valet in white silk jacket and cambric apron.'

"Such are the two sects which, at this moment, divide the more unsettled portion of the British people, and agitate that ever-vexed country. To the eye of the political seer, their mutual relation, pregnant

with the elements of discord and hostility, is far from consoling. These two principles of Dandiacal Self-worship or Demon-worship, and Poor-Slavish or Drudgical Earth-worship, or whatever that same Drudgism may be, do as yet, indeed, manifest themselves under distant and nowise considerable shapes; nevertheless, in their roots and subterranean ramifications, they extend through the entire structure of society, and work unweariedly in the secret depths of English national existence; striving to separate and isolate it into two contradictory, uncommunicating

masses.

“In numbers, and even individual strength, the Poor-Slaves or Drudges, it would seem, are hourly increasing. The Dandiacal, again, is by nature no proselytizing sect; but it boasts of great hereditary Whereas the resources, and is strong by union. Drudges, split into parties, have as yet no rallying point; or, at best, only coöperate by means of partial secret affiliations. If, indeed, there were to arise a Communion of Drudges, as there is already a Communion of Saints, what strangest effects would follow therefrom! Dandyism as yet effects to look down on Drudgism. But, perhaps, the hour of trial when it will be practically seen which ought to look down, and which up, is not so distant.

"To me it seems probable that the two sects will one day part England between them; each recruiting itself from the intermediate ranks, till there be none left to enlist on either side. Those Dandiacal Manicheans, with the host of Dandyizing Christians, will form one body. The Drudges, gathering round them whosoever is drudgical, be he Christian or Infidel

Pagan; sweeping up likewise all manner of utilitarians, radicals, refractory pot-walloppers, and so forth, into their general mass, will form another. I could liken Dandyism and Drudgism to two bottomless boiling whirlpools that had broken out on opposite quarters of the firm land. As yet they appear only disquieted, foolishly bubbling wells, which man's art might cover

in.

Yet mark them, their diameter is daily widening; they are hollow cones that boil up from the infinite deep, over which your firm land is but a thin crust or rind! Thus daily is the intermediate land crumbling in, daily the empire of the two Buchan-Bullers extending; till now there is but a foot-plank, a mere film of land between them; this, too, is washed away; and then- we have the true hell of waters, and Noah's Deluge is outdeluged !

"Or better, I might call them two boundless, and, indeed, unexampled electric machines (turned by the machinery of society'), with batteries of opposite quality; Drudgism the negative, Dandyism the positive. One attracts hourly towards it, and appropriates all the positive electricity of the nation (namely, the money thereof); the other is equally busy with the negative (that is to say, the hunger), which is equally potent. Hitherto you see only partial, transient sparkles and sputters; but wait a little, till the entire nation is in an electric state; till your whole vital electricity, no longer healthfully neutral, is cut into two isolated portions of positive and negative (of money and of hunger); and stands there bottled up in two worldbatteries! The stirring of a child's finger brings the two together; and then What then? The earth is but shivered into impalpable smoke by that Doom's

thunder-peal; the sun misses one of his planets in space, and thenceforth there are no eclipses of the moon. Or, better still, I might liken”.

Oh! enough, enough of likenings and similitudes; in excess of which, truly, it is hard to say whether Teufelsdröckh or ourselves sin the more.

We have often blamed him for a habit of wire-drawing and over-refining; from of old we have been familiar with his tendency to mysticism and religiosity, whereby in every thing he was still scenting out religion; but never, perhaps, did these amaurosis suffusions so cloud and distort his otherwise most piercing vision, as in this of the Dandiacal Body! Or was there something of intended satire; is the Professor and Seer not quite the blinkard he affects to be? Of an ordinary mortal we should have decisively answered in the affirmative; but with a Teulfelsdröckh there ever hovers some shade of doubt. In the meanwhile, if satire were actually intended, the case is little better. There are not wanting men who will answer: Does your Professor take us for simpletons? His irony has overshot itself; we see through it, and perhaps through him.

CHAPTER XI.

TAILORS.

THUS, however, has our first practical inference from the Clothes-Philosophy, that which respects Dandies, been sufficiently drawn; and we come now to the second, concerning Tailors. On this latter our opinion happily quite coincides with that of Teufelsdröckh himself, as expressed in the concluding page of