Cal. Pro. Mass. 1880 James A. Garfield. 0. John W. Phelps. Vt. Ill. 1892 Grover Cleveland.. N. Y. Benjamin Harrison, Ind. 1896 William McKinley. 0. Chas. H. Matchett. N. Y. Ind. Prior to 1804 each elector was entitled to vote for two candidates for President. The candidate receiving the greatest number of votes was declared elected, while the candidate receiving the next highest vote was declared Vice-President. Three States not voting. It is claimed that the first Republican party was the progenitor of the present Democratic party. §As there was no election the choice was decided by the House of Representatives. Owing to the death of Horace Greeley the Democratic electors scattered their vote. Territorial Expansion of the United States. (Prepared for The American Almanac for 1903 by the United States Land Office.) 214 155 874,534 A. J. Donelson..Tenn 1,866,452 Hannibal Hamlin, Mc 1,375,157 H. V. Johnson... Ga 180 847,953 Joseph Lane..... Ind 72 39 590,631 Edward Everett.. Mass 12 308,578 B. J, Chambers.. Tex 10,305 H. A, Thompson.. O 707 S. C. Pomeroy Kan 4,874,986 T. A. Hendricks. Ind 4,851,981 John A. Logan.. I 182 150,369 William Daniel.. Md Miss 208,187 Henry B. Metcalf, R. I... 96.918 Job Harriman Cal *Oregon was acquired by discovery in 1792; exploration, 1805; by Antonia Settlement, 1811, and by Florida Treaty, in 1819. Includes all interest payments. $3,250,000 was expended in payment of claims of American citizens against Mexico. Legal-Cender Currency. Legal-tender is a term used to designate currency which may lawfully be used in the payment of debts. Gold coin is the one element in the currency of the United States which is legal-tender under all circumstances. It may be lawfully used at the nominal value of each piece when such piece is not below the standard weight and limit of tolerance provided by law, in which case it is still legal-tender at a value determined by its actual weight. Of silver coinage the dollar of 412 1-2 grains is legal-tender for all debts and dues, public or private, unless otherwise stipulated in the contract. The trade dollar, although containing 42) grains of silver, is not legal-tender; nor is any of the commemorative coinage, such as the Columbian and Lafayette issues. Silver half-dollar, quarter-dollar and dime coins are legal-tender in sums not exceeding ten dollars, in payment of all public or private dues. All United States coins of smaller denominations are legal-tender for single payments not exceeding twenty-five cents. United States notes issued under the legal-tender law of 1862, authorizing the issue of greenbacks, are legal-tender for all debts and dues, public or private, except duties on imports, interest on the public debt, and obligations contracted prior to the enactment of the law, with an expressed stipulation for payment in gold or silver. The interest-bearing treasury notes, under the act of March 3, 1863, were legal-tender, for their face value only, and not for the accrued interest, in the payment of all public and private obligations except for duties on imports and interest on the public debt; those issued under the act of June 30, 1864, are further restricted, and are not legal-tender in redemption of bank notes or bankers' notes circulated as money; those issued under the act of July 14, 1890, are a legal-tender in payment of public and private debts, except when contracts stipulate otherwise; when received for customs, taxes and other public dues, they may be reissued. Gold and silver certificates are legal-tender under the same conditions as noted in regard to the coinage, and when received in payment of any public dues they may be reissued. Notes issued for circulation by national banks are legal-tender in payment of taxes, excises, purchase of public lands and all other dues to the United States, except duties on imports, and also for all salaries and other debts and dues owing by the United States to individuals, corporations and associations within the United States, except interest on the public debt and in redemption of the national currency; nor are they legal-tender for any debt or liability to any national banking association, except gold-note banks. The Latin Union. The Latin Union, consisting of France, Belgium, Italy, Switzerland and Greece, was formed December 22, 1865, in order to remedy evils resulting from the substitution of gold for silver coins, and to establish a uniform metallic currency system for these countries. The contracting states maintained the double standard and the then existing ratio of 1 to 15%, but limited the silver coins to be stamped to the 5-franc pieces. By the convention of 1865 each of the contracting countries obligated itself to receive into its treasury coins manufactured by the others, without limitation as to value in the case of gold coins and 5-franc silver pieces and to the amount of 100 francs in the case of other silver pieces in any one payment. It was furthr stipulated that the latter should be legal-tender in the country that issued them to the amount of 50 francs between private parties in any one payment, and that they should be taken back by such country and exchanged for gold or 5-franc silver pieces. The convention of 1865 expired in 1880. A new convention in 1878 prolonged the duration of the Latin Union for five years. The convention now in force is dated November 6, 1885. By its terms the suspension of the coinage of the 5-frane piece is maintained in the countries of the union, but any of the contracting states may resume the free coinage of silver on condition of exchanging, during the entire duration of the convention, the 5-franc silver pieces bearing its stamp and circulating in other states of the union, for gold or silver on demand. It was also stipulated that the unjon might be terminated at any time after January 1, 1891. by giving one year's notice. The coins of the Latin Union are: Gold pieces, 100, 50, 20, 10 and 5 francs; silver pieces, 5, 2 and 1 franes, 50 and 20 centimes. The last meeting of the union was held in 1897 to grant permission to the several countries to increase the coinage of subsidiary coins. The Presidential Election of 1904. A general election will be held in all the States of the United States on Tuesday, November 8, 1904, for the choice of electors upon whom will devolve the duty of naming two citizens who are to serve respectively as President and Vice-President of the United States for a term of four years, beginning on March 4, 1905. The number of electors to be thus chosen in each State will correspond with the representation of that State in the two branches of Congress. No Senator, Representative or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States Government at the time of such election will be eligible as an elector. The choice of electors will be made by the people direct, voting a general State ticket. In the earlier years of the Government the choice was made by the Legislatures in most of the States, and South Carolina adhered to the practice until the beginning of the Civil War. This matter has been adjusted by the people themselves, acting through their State Legislatures, the Constitution of the United States prescrib ing that the method of choice shall be determined by those bodies, and requiring only that in all the States the choice shall be made on the same day. The Constitution also directs, in Article XII., the manner in which the electors shall perform the duty for which they are chosen. A law passed by the Forty-ninth Congress, and known as the "electoral count" act, directs that the time for the meeting of the electors, styled in some States the "Electoral College." shall be the second Monday in January next following their election. The same act specifies the second Wednesday in February succeeding the meeting of the electors as the time when Congress shall be in session to count the ballots cast at that meeting. The manner in which this shall be done is provided for as follows in Article XII. of the Constitution: The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted; the person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and If no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers, not exceeding three. on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President, But in choosing the President the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each State having one vote: a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President, whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them. before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President. The person having the greatest numher of votes as Vice-President shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice." Under the Constitution only a native born citizen who shall have attained the age of thirty-five years is eligible for the office of President or Vice-President. It is a curious fact, however, that the language of this provision opened both offices to any foreign-born resident of the country who was a citizen at the time when the Constitution was adopted. While it is no longer possible that the United States should ever have any but a native ruler, the possibility existed in the early days of the Republic. Voting Population and Qualifications of Each State and Cerritory. (The Population Figures Are Based Upon the Results of the 1900 Census.) Native Total. White. Colored. 413,862 224,212 181,568) 44,081 22,750 Revised by JEROME H. BUCH, of the New York Bar. 313,836 218,319 87,239 4,754 Colorados. 185,708 130,454) 280,340 168,723 5,214) 52,766 54,018 38,845 8,426) 4,116/ District of Columbia. Floridas. 83,823 50,718 23,505 139,601 68,237 61,639 270,793 233,256 1,401,456 903,086 31,247 326,709 720,206) 628,674) 18,445) 44,397 543,996 444,067 74,790 325,943 152,538 148,065 12,979 Maine. 217,663 178,341 807 13,271 had the right to vote on Jan. 4, 784 Same as Florida, and citizens who Insane, paupers and untaxed Indians 13 mos. 13 mos. 13 mos. 13 mos. 14,808 Citizens by nativity or naturalization Paupers or those under guardianship. 1 year 6 mos. [6 mos. 6 mos. 31,154 Citizen by nativity, or one who de-Indians still under tribal rule; duel-6 mos. 20, days 20 days 20 days Maryland. 321,903 218,968 60.924 .4,035 Same as Florida, except that women Idiots, insane, unpardoned felons. 1 year 30 days 30 days 30 days Same as Maryland. Additional: In-6 mos. 30 days 30 days 30 days mos. 130 days 30 days 488 Same as Florida, except as to poll Idiots, insane, or those convicted of 1 year 3 mos. 3 mos. 30 days Vermont 10, 5,544 Citizens by nativity or naturalization Idiots, insane, untaxed Indians, and 1 year 90 days 30 days 30 days 1 While naturalization is conferred by the United States the right to vote is the gift of the State, and, as the result, in many States aliens who have declared their intentions to 2 Clergymen are required to reside but six months in the precinct. 3 Owners of real estate secure the voting right by one year's residence in the State. 4 Pastors of organized A residence of one year for general elections and three months in town for town elections is required. Residence is neither gained nor lost by military or naval service for the United States, when stationed in the State, nor by attendance on an institution of learning, nor by those engaged in navigation, nor those in an almshouse or public asylum, In all States persons must be 21 years old before they can vote. |