In 6,710 of the public elementary schools in Austria the language used was German; in 3,962, Czech (mainly in Bohemia and Moravia); and in 3,706 other Slav dialects; 860, Italian, 46 Roumanian, 3 Magyar; and in 501 more than one language. According to official statistics, 84.6 per cent. of the children of school age were attending school in Austria in 1882. In Hungary Proper 77 per cent. of the children were at school. In 1882 the Roman Catholics had 5,477 schools, 7,515 teachers, and 695,855 pupils; the Greek Catholics, 2,363 schools, 2,526 teachers, and 154,928 pupils; the Byzantine Greeks, 1,937 schools, 2,071 teachers, and 164,729 pupils; the Augsburg Protestants, 1,684 schools, 2,353 teachers, and 139,586 pupils; the Helvetic Protestants, 2,783 schools, 2,980 teachers, and 203,282 pupils; the Jews, 750 schools, 816 teachers, and 73,893 pupils. In Croatia-Slavonia are (1880) 595 elementary schools, with 1,250 teachers and 55,360 pupils. Revenue and Expenditure. There are three distinct budgets: the first, that of the Delegations, for the whole Empire; the second, that of the Reichsrath, for Austria; and the third, that of the Hungarian diet, for the kingdom of Hungary. Austria has to pay 68.6 and Hungary 31.4 per cent. towards the 'common expenditure of the Empire,' not including the interest of the national debt. The Whole Empire. The expenditure for 1879 was 13,703,4531.; for 1880, 11,575,9997.; for 1881, 11,992,3567.; for 1882, 13,095,320.; the estimate for 1883 was 11,458,1981.; and for 1884, 11,830,6917. The budget estimates for the common affairs of the Empire' were as follows for the year 1885:1 Sources of Direct Revenue Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Florins 604,200 2,549,399 Ministry of Finance Board of Control. Surplus from Customs. 1,995 316 18,434,740 For the administration of Bosnia and Herzegovinia for 1885, the expenditure was estimated at 789,2631., and revenue 79,5791.; the cost of the army of occupation in Bosnia and Herzegovina for 1885 is estimated at 636,0007. Austria Proper. The accounts of actual revenue and expenditure of Austria Proper are only published after the lapse of a number of years, and are very intricate. They show generally large deficits, and, in recent years, a growing expenditure. The budget estimates of revenue and expenditure were as follows in the ten years from 1875 to 1884: In the following statements the florin is taken at its nominal value of 2s., real value being, however, only about 1s. Sd. The revenue and expenditure were given as follows in the financial estimates for the year 1884-5 (March 31): Revenue Ordinary. Council of Ministers Various . Ministry of Finance : Administration Direct taxes: Land tax House tax Florins 690,900 Imperial household Supreme Court 3,859,060 Council of Ministers 1,311,435 Ministry of the Interior Ordinary. 4,650,000 1,105,655 Imperial Cabinet Chan cery Reichsrath 72,272 714,542 24,000 1,010,409 16,097,005, National De 9,115,200 Ministry of Public Wor Establish ments 1,360,880 Industry tax 10,000,000 Public Worship 4,253,870 Education 10,934,726 The extraordinary expenditure extends to March 31, 1886. The direct taxation amounts to about 8s. per head of population. The largest branch of expenditure, as will be seen from the above table, is the interest and sinking fund of the public debt, the burden of which falls mainly on the Cisleithan part of the monarchy. The public debt has grown up gradually since the middle of the last century. It amounted in 1789, to 34,900,000l., and had risen to 98,700,000l. in 1820; to 108,400,000l. in 1830; to 125,000,0007. in 1848; and to 300,980,4137. in 1868. An official return gives the following statement as to the total debt for July 1, 1884 : If to this be added state bills or government paper money, 350,951,770, the total will amount to over 380,000,0007. The total annual interest on the above debt amounted, in 1884, to 14,467,320., and of this the general debt absorbed 11,500,3867. To the latter sum, Hungary had to contribute about 3,000,000l. Subsequent to May 1868, all loans were contracted separately by either Austria or Hungary. The total debt amounts to 131. per head, after deducting Hungary's capitalised share, and the interest to over 9s. per head. The total estimated revenue for 1884-5 was 21. 3s. per head, and the total exports for 1882 amounted to 31. 7s. per head. The total income of Austria-Hungary from all sources is estimated at 425 millions sterling, or 117. 58. per head, and the national capital at 2,800 millions, or 741. per head. Hungary. The budget estimates of revenue and expenditure of Hungary, were as follows in each of the eight years from 1877 to 1884: : |