For a detailed account of the principal colonial possessions, the Dutch East Indies, see Part II. of the Statesman's Year-book. Diplomatic Representatives. 1. OF THE NETHERLANDS IN GREAT BRITAIN. Envoy and Minister.-Count C. M. E. G. George de Bylandt, accredited June 23, 1871. . Secretary of Legation.—Count D. L. de Bylandt. 2. OF GREAT BRITAIN IN THE NETHERLANDS. Envoy and Minister.—Hon. William Stuart, C.B., Envoy to the Argentine Confederation, 1861-71; Envoy to Greece, 1872-77; appointed Envoy and Minister to the Netherlands, October 31, 1877. Secretaries.-Henry Philip Fenton; Arthur George Vansittart. Money, Weights, and Measures. The money, weights, and measures of the Netherlands, and the British equivalents, are: MONEY. The Guilder, or Florin, of 100 Cents = 1s. 8d., or 12 guilders to £1 sterling. The money in general circulation is chiefly silver; but a bill which passed the States-General in the session of 1875 ordered an unrestricted coinage of ten guilder pieces in gold. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. The Netherlands adopted the French metric system of weights and measures in 1820, retaining, however, old designations for the same. Much confusion having arisen therefrom, an Act was passed April 7, 1869, establishing from January 1, 1870, a series of new international names of weights and measures, with facultative use, during the first ten years, of the old denominations. The principal new names, together with the old designations, are: All the other French metric denominations are adopted with trifling changes in the new code of names. Statistical and other Books of Reference concerning the Netherlands. 1. OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS. Bijdragen tot de Algemeene Statistiek van Nederland. Jaargang 1883. 8. 's Gravenhage, 1884. ving van Overijssel. 8. 's Gravenhage, 1875. Geregtelijke Statistiek van het Koningrijk der Nederlanden. 4. 's Gravenhage, 1884. Staatsalmanak voor het Koningrijk der Nederlanden. 1884. Met magtiging van de regering uit officiele opgaven zamengesteld. 8. 's Gravenhage, 1884. Statistick van der Loop der Bevolking van Nederland over 1882. s' Gravenhage. 1884. Staatsbegrooting voor het dienstjaar 1885. s' Gravenhage, 1884. Statistiek van den Handel en de Scheepvaart van het Koningrijk der Nederlanden. Uitg. d. h. departement van Financien. Fol. 's Gravenhage, 1884. Verzameling van Consulaire en andere Berigten en Verslagen over Nijverheid, Handel en Scheepvaart. Uitgegeven door het Ministerie van Buitenlandsche Zaken. Jaargang 1883. 4. 's Gravenhage, 1884. Verslag van den Staat der Nederlandsche Zeevisscherijen over 1882. 4. 's Gravenhage, 1884. Verslag van den Landbouw in Nederland over 1882, opgemaakt op last van den Minister van Binnenlandsche Zaken. 8. 's Gravenhage, 1884. Verslag aan den Koning van de bevindingen en handelingen van het veeartsenijkundig Staatstoezigt in 1883. 4. 's Gravenhage, 1884. Verslag aan den Koning van de bevindingen en handelingen van het geneeskundig Staatstoezigt in 1882. 4. 's Gravenhage, 1883. Report by Mr. Sidney Locock, Secretary of Legation, on Land Laws and Landed Property, dated The Hague, December 20, 1869; in 'Reports from H.M.'s Representatives respecting the Tenure of Land in the several Countries of Europe.' Part I. Fol. London, 1870. Report by Mr. H. P. Fenton on the commerce and shipping of the Netherlands, dated The Hague, November 1878; in Reports by H.M.'s Secretaries of Embassy and Legation.' Part II, 1879. 8. London, 1879. Report by Mr. H. Fenton on the finances of the Netherlands; in 'Reports by H.M.'s Embassy and Legation.' Part IV. 1881. 8. London, 1881. Report by Mr. Fenton on the Netherlands Telegraph Service in 1881, in Part II.; and on the Finances of the Netherlands and Dutch East Indies, in Part III. of 'Reports from H.M.'s Secretaries of Embassy and Legation.' 1882. Report by Mr. Fenton on the Finances of the Netherlands and Netherlands India for 1833; in 'Reports of H.M.'s Secretaries of Embassy.' Part III. 1883. London, 1883. Report by Mr. Fenton on the trade of Holland, in Part II., and on Finance in Part III. of 'Reports of H.M.'s Secretaries of Embassy.' 1884. London, 1884. Reports on the trade and commerce of Amsterdam; in Parts I. and II. of Reports of H.M.'s Consuls.' 1884. London, 1884. Report by Mr. Consul Newnham on the imports and exports of the Netherlands; and by Mr. Consul Cohen on the trade of Surinam, dated July 1877; in 'Reports from H.M.'s Consuls.' Part V. 1877. 8. London, 1877. Report by Mr. Consul Newnham on the trade and commerce of Amsterdam, dated August 9, 1879; in 'Reports from H.M.'s Consuls.' Part V. 1879. 8. London, 1879. Trade of the United Kingdom with the Netherlands; in 'Annual Statement of the Trade of the United Kingdom with Foreign Countries and British Possessions in the year 1883.' 4. Imp. 4. London, 1884. 2. NON-OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS. Allgemeene Statistiek van Nederland. Uitgegeven door de Vereeniging voor de statistiek in Nederland. 8. Leiden, 1869-82. Beerstecher (L. H.), De staatsinrigting in Nederland. 8. Kampen, 1871. Fontpertuis (Ad. F. de), La Guyane hollandaise, in ‘L'Economiste Français,' Dec. 30, 1876. 8. Paris, 1876. Heusden (A. Van), Handboek der aardrykskunde, staatsinrigting, staatshuishouding en statistiek van het koningrijk der Nederlanden. 8. Haarlem, 1877. Jaarcijfers over 1883 en vorige jaren, omtrent Bevolking, Landbouw, Handel, &c. Uitgegeven door de Vereeniging voor de Statistiek in Nederland. No. 2. s' Gravenhage, 1884. Also a French edition, Résumé statistique pour le Royaume des Pays-Bas. Palgrave (W. G.), Dutch Guiana. 8. London, 1876. Staatkundig en staathuishoudkundig, Jaarboekje voor 1884. Uitgegeven door de vereeniging voor de statistiek in Nederland. 8. Amsterdam, 1884. Verslag van den handel, scheepvaart en nijverheid van Amsterdam, over het jaar 1883. 8. Amsterdam, 1884. Wood (C. W.), Through Holland. 8. London, 1877. PORTUGAL. (REINO DE PORTUGAL E ALGARves.) Reigning King. Luis I., born Oct. 31, 1838, the son of Queen Maria II. and of Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg; succeeded his brother, King Pedro V., Nov. 11, 1861; married, Oct. 6, 1862, to Queen Pia, born Oct. 16, 1847, the youngest daughter of King Vittorio Emanuele of Italy. Children of the King. I. Prince Carlos, Duke of Braganza, born September 28, 1863. II. Prince Affonso, Duke of Oporto, born July 31, 1865. Sister and Brother of the King. I. Princess Antonia, born Feb. 17, 1845; married, Sept. 12, 1861, to Prince Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, born Sept. 22, 1835. Offspring of the union are three sons:-1. Prince Wilhelm, born March 7, 1864. 2. Prince Ferdinand, born Aug. 24, 1865. 3. Prince Karl, born September 1, 1868. II. Prince Augustus, born November 4, 1847. Father of the King. Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg, titular King of Portugal, born Oct. 29, 1816, the eldest son of the late Prince Ferdinand of SaxeCoburg; married, April 9, 1836, to Queen Maria II. of Portugal; widower, Nov. 15, 1853; Regent of Portugal during the minority of his son, the late King Pedro V., Nov. 15, 1853, to Sept. 16, 1855; married, June 10, 1869, to Elise, Countess Edla. Aunt of the King. Princess Adelaide, born April 3, 1831; married, Sept. 24, 1851, to Don Miguel, son of King João VI. of Portugal and of Princess Charlotte of Spain; widow, Nov. 14, 1866. Offspring of the union are six daughters and one son, Prince Miguel, born Sept. 19, 1853; married, Oct. 17, 1877, to Princess Elisabeth of Thurn und Taxis, born May 28, 1860. The reigning dynasty of Portugal belongs to the House of Braganza, which dates from the commencement of the fifteenth century, at which period Affonso, an illegitimate son of King João or John I., was created by his father Duke of Braganza and Lord of Guimaraens. When the old line of Portuguese kings, of the House of Avis, became extinct by the death of King Sebastian, and of his nominal successor, Henrique 'the Cardinal,' Philip II. of Spain took possession of the country, claiming it in virtue of his descent from a Portuguese princess; but in disregard of the fundamental law of the kingdom, passed by the Cortes of Lamego in 1139, which excluded all foreign princes from the succession. After bearing the Spanish rule for more than half a century, the people of Portugal revolted, and proclaimed Don João, the then Duke of Braganza, as their king, he being the nearest heir to the throne, though of an illegitimate issue. The Duke thereupon assumed the name of João IV., to which Portuguese historians appended the title the Fortunate.' From this João, through many vicissitudes of family, the present rulers of Portugal are descended. For two centuries the members of the line of Braganza kept up the ancient blood alliances with the reigning house of Spain; but the custom was broken through by the late Queen Maria II., who, by a union with a Prince of Coburg, entered the great family of Teutonic Sovereigns. Luis I. is the second Sovereign of Portugal of the line of Braganza-Coburg. Luis I. has a civil list of 365,000 milreis, or about 82,000l.; while his consort, Queen Pia, has a grant of 60,000 milreis, or 13,300l., and King Ferdinand 100,000 milreis, or 22,2001. The whole grants to the royal family amount to 571,000 milreis, or 126,8887. The following is a list of the Sovereigns of Portugal since its conquest from the Moors : The average reign of the thirty-five sovereigns of Portugal, from the ascension of the House of Burgundy, was twenty-two years. Pedro V. Luis I. 1853 1861 |