second. Flour and grist mill products have an important place, due to the extensive wheat fields of the State, though in this industry there has been a decrease in recent years, due to the better transportation facilities offered in States further new industry is the manufacture of tendency of a manufacturer to get of supplies.

The Legislature of 1901 passed cordance with the suggestion of the franchises at the same time and at ble property was taxed. The value act to be the difference between the and the total value of its property. tion was created, to consist of three an employer, another an employe dustrial status. The duties of this about settlements in case of strikes, fail it was empowered to publish decision of the board was to be Another labor law provided for spector. An act for the protection ufactories in the State should pay teen days. Eight hours a day was

An act of special legislation cers in the State, counties or cities public buildings to provide for the in Missouri, and to give such bids

An act made it obligatory upon prisoners, except women, to work ping was made punishable by death than five years. By an act defining medicine Christian Scientists were inserted permitting medical practice tioned to call a convention for a constitutional amendment providing

State Senators.

Gov. Alexander M. Dockery.

south and west. A comparatively shoes, brought about by the natural as close as possible to the source several acts of importance. In acGovernor a bill was passed taxing the same rate as actual and tangiof a franchise was declared in the tangible property of a corporation A Board of Mediation and Arbitramembers, one of whom was to be and the third to have no fixed inboard were to endeavor to bring and should its efforts at concilation its findings and its decision. The final.

the appointment of a factory inof employes provided that all mantheir employes at least every fif made the legal limit for all miners. made it the duty of all public offiwho had charge of the erection of reception of bids for stone quarried preference.

the County Courts to direct all on the public highways. Kidnapor by imprisonment for not less what is meant by the practice of debarred, but a special clause was by osteopaths. Congress was petifor the direct election of United

On February 12, 1901, the Supreme Court of the State handed down a decision affirming the constitutionality of the act requiring all electric street cars to be equipped with screens or hoods protecting the motormen from the inclemencies of the weather. It was declared to be a general law in that it aimed to protect the health of all the people of the State who might at any time become motormen on street cars. In September, 1902, several prominent members of the St. Louis city government were indicted for bribery, it having been alleged that the sum of about $47,500 had been used during 1902 to buy votes of representatives to secure the passage of several franchise bills pending before the Council and House.

The Republicans of Missouri adopted a platform in June, 1902, approving of the course of the Administration and indorsing President Roosevelt for election in 1904. At the Democratic State Convention the platform adopted condemned trusts and disapproved of the Administration.

Monaco.

Capital:
MONACO.

House of
passed to
Count of
Hippolyte,

Monaco has belonged to the
Grimaldi since 968 In 1715 it
the female line, although the
Thorigny, who married Louise
daughter of Anthony I.. and heiress to
Monaco, assumed both the name and arms of
the family. When his wife died, after reign-
ing but a few months, he assumed the throne
under the name of Jacques I., and was suc
ceeded by his son, Honorius III., who
for 'bly dispossessed by the French Revolu-
tion in 1792. In 1814, however, the princi-
pality was re-established under the protection
of the Kingdom of Sardinia.

was

The present reigning Prince, Albert I., was born November 13, 1848. He succeeded his father, Prince Charles III., September 10,

1889. He married, September 21, 1869, Lady Mary Douglas Hamilton, and, October 30, 1889, Alice, Dowager Duchess de Richelieu, both of whom were divorced. By his first wife he had one son, Prince Louis, who was born July 12, 1870.

No church except the Roman Catholic is recognized in Monaco.

the French Codes were adopted and lished; there is also a Judge de

The Principality has its own the countries of the Latin Union. are no lands to cultivate, no trades the gambling concessions, which at

Nobody in Monaco pays any some income, and the cathedral, supported on the proceeds of the was despairing and bankrupt. Then Casino with its concessions for 170. has been the most prosperous com ported it.

The direct expenses of the Ca a year, which includes $3,450,000 ployes. The gardens cost $125.000, theatre and orchestra. About $125, sumably for past and future silence thousand dollars are set aside each of the patrons who are cleaned out. Casino, a first charge on the bank's met.

There are other charges. The tenance of roads, lighting, water, other amusements, takes a consider schools receive $45,000, and $250, for the privilege of keeping the of $100,000 is reserved for "body ernment." During the last year of announcements of men who have

Prince of Monaco.

Over this a bishop presides. In 1819 a Court of First Instance estabPaix's Court.

coinage, which passes current in and its own postage issue. There or industries. Revenue comes from present yield $2,000,000 per annum. taxes, the Prince enjoys a handwith the bishop and clergy, are gambling. Fifty years ago Monaco Francois Blanc took the half built 000 francs, and since then Monaco munity in Europe. Europe has sup

sino amount to about $4,170,000 for the management and 1,600 emwhile $205,000 goes toward the 000 is distributed to the press, preand incidental advertising. Sixty year to pay the travelling expenses These are the mere expenses of the winnings, and which are invariably public service, which includes maincarnivals, races, pigeon shoots and able sum. The bishop, clergy and 000 is paid to the Prince of Monaco Casino open. An additional sum guard, police, law courts and govthere have been the usual number perfected "systems" for breaking

the bank at Monte Carlo, but so far there has been no appreciable suffering on the part of the bank.

montana.

Capital:
HELENA.

It

The history of Montana is nearly identical with that of Idaho, it having been set off and given a territorial form of government in 1864. Its settlement dates from the opening of the gold mines in that region. By an act of February 17, 1873, a tract of about 2,000 square miles, previously belonging to Dakota, was annexed to Montana, and the capital of the Territory was established at Helena. was admitted as a State November 8, 1889. Montana has an area of 146,080 square miles, and its population in 1901 was estimated to be 254,000. The manufacturing interests of the State are inconsiderable when compared with mining, stock raising and agriculture, though there has been a marked increase in the past decade. The smelting and refining of copper and lead are the chief industries, the product in 1900 being valued at 60 per cent. of the entire product of the United States. Large deposits of ore, abundant water power within easy reach of the mines, large coal deposits nearby and the great available supply of timber suitable for use in mines have assisted in developing this industry. Hundreds of acres of the finest grazing land make the cattle raising industry of great importance, and the livestock markets of the State rank among the first in the country. The Legislature of 1901 passed an act limiting the period of labor for miners to eight hours a day, and appointed an inspector of mines to see that all State regulations were carried out regarding precautions to be taken for the safety of workmen. Another act provided that miners might employ, at their own expense, a check weighman, who should have equal rights with the regular weighman, and that both check weighman and regular weighman should subscribe to an oath before a Justice of the Peace to do justice between employer and employe in were prohibited from paying em except lawful money, and also pro by employes to their employers.

Among other acts was one per opathy by persons passing an exami teopathic examiners. A law amend vided that only those persons could vote at the subsequent elections mary, and provided also that a voter against the name of every ishing "straight ticket" voting, it terested in the political complex by tissue paper ballots and other ployes voted.

A resolution introduced into al amendment by which the Leg trol contracts between employers

the weighing of coal. Employers ployes in script, token or anything hibited the assignment of wages mitting the practising of ostenation prescribed by a board of osing the election regulations provote at a primary who intended to with the party holding the pricross should be placed by the person voted for, thereby abolbeing stated that corporations inion of the State had found means wise to ascertain how their em

the Legislature for a constitution-
islature would be enabled to con-
and employes failed of passage.
the Legislature was occupied in
Senators. to fill the vacancies
term of Thomas H. Carter and the
The Democrats having secured a
Legislature, William A. Clark was
term. It was not until the last
after 22 ballots had been taken,
the short term. The re-election
by a desire to make his seat in
elected in 1899, charges of brib-
and his name was recommended
by the Investigating Committee.

A large part of the session of trying to elect two United States caused by the expiration of the resignation of William A. Clark. majority in both branches of the readily elected to fill the long day of the Legislative session, that Paris Gibson was chosen for of Mr. Clark was brought about Congress sure. When he was first ery were brought against him. dropped from the rolls of Congress He resigned from the Senate and was immediately appointed to fill the vacany caused by his own resigna tion. The election of 1901 confirmed the appointment.

At a meeting of the Democratic State Central Committee, held September 2, 1902, F. A. Heinze, of Butte, was selected to be nominated for Governor over Senator Clark. At the Democratic State Convention. held September 22, Senator Clark scored a signal victory over Mr. Heinze, retaining absolute control of the party. In retaliation Mr. Heinze organized a new party, known as the Populist party, with the intention of splitting the vote.

The Republican State convention, held September 27, adopted a platform which declares for Roosevelt in 1904 and indorses the administration's Trust policy.

Montenegro.

Capital.
CETTINJE.

The reigning power has remained in the
family of Petrooic Njegos since 1697, when
Danilo Petrooic, on being proclaimed Vladika
of Montenegro, secured the liberty of the
country from the Turks. He at once estab-
lished himself as spiritual and temporal ruler.
and a dual power was descended collaterally
until 1851, when Danilo I., who had suc-
ceeded to the throne at the death of his
father, Peter II., abandoned both the title of
Vladika and the spiritual functions which
were attached to it, adopting, in its stead,
the title of Gospodar, or Prince.

Nicholas I., the present ruler, was born
October 7, 1841, and was proclaimed Prince
of Montenegro, as successor to bis uncle.
Danilo I., August 14, 1860. In December,

1900, the Prince assumed the title of Royal Highness. On November 6, 1860, he married Milena Petroona Vucoticova (born May 4, 1847), the daughter of Peter Vukotic, Senator and Vice-President of the Council of State. They have had issue:

THE MINISTRY.-Minister of Foreign Affairs, G. Voukovitch; Minister of the Interior, B. Petrovitch Niegoch; Minister of Justice, Dr. L. Vojnooic; Minister of War, J. Plamenatz; Minister of Instruction, S. Popovitch; Minister of Finance, N.

Since 1878 the independence of gro has been recognized by Turkey the Treaty of Berlin. Austria and nue. The power of executive rests Legislature consists of a State whom the Prince appoints. He is

Of the 228,000 population, over religion; about 14,000 MohammedanCatholics. The Prince dominates dependent from the State.

Education is compulsory and maintained at the expense of the seminary and a college for boys.

The Veliki Sud, or Supreme over the whole principality. There portant towns.

The budget for 1902 shows ex florins each.

Agriculture is of the most Ist nowhere. Any manufactures sumption. Live stock of all kinds have been found between Antivai which a concession has been granted toms tariff is at present 6 per cent

Montenegro has now no com countries. There are a number of row gauge, 100 miles long, is to be iron mines which are being opened. inhabitants not physically unfitted

Prince of Montenegro.

Matanovitch.

primitive kind. Large estates exthat exist are only for local conis reared. Deposits of iron ore and Nihiic, for the working of to a foreign company. The cusad valorem.

mercial treaty with any foreign excellent carriage roads, and a narbuilt for the development of the There is no standing army, but all are trained as soldiers, and are

liable to be called under arms. The Moslem inhabitants are exempt from military service on the payment of a capitation tax. Regular drill and military instruction are superintended by Montenegran officers, who have been trained in Italy. The number of men available for military service is put at about 39,000.

morocco.

Capital:
FEZ.

Little is known of Morocco, its people being fiercely opposed to the incoming of foreigners. The present Sultan, Murai Abd ex Aziz, born February 24, 1878, succeeded his father, Murai Hassan, at the latter's death, June 7, 1894. He is the fifteenth of the Alides, and the thirty-sixth in lineal descent from Ali, uncle and son-in-law of the Prophet. The Sherifian umbrella is hereditary in the family of the Fileli Sharifs of Tafilet. Each Sultan is supposed, previous to his death, to indicate the member of the Sherifian family who, according to his conscientious belief, will best replace him. The succession is, however, elective, and all members of the Sherifian family are eligible. Generally the late Sultan's nominee is elected by public acclamation at noonday prayers the Friday after the Sultan's death.

The form of government is an absolute despotism, unrestricted by any laws, civil or religious. The Sultan has six ministers, those for Foreign Affairs, Home Affairs and War, the Chief Chamberlain, Chief Treasurer and Chief Administrator of Customs. There is also a Grand Vizier. These he consults or not, as he chooses. His income is estimated at $2,500,000 a year. The army is composed of 10,000 disciplined infantry, under the command. field guns, and 7,000 irregular cavalry. The exports to about $9,500,000.

of an Englishman; 400 disciplined cavalry, a few batteries of
navy consists of an old iron screw ship, a smaller one and an armed cruiser.
The imports in 1900 amounted to about $8,200,000 and the
The area of Morocco can only

southern frontiers, toward the des According to the most recent inves dominion is about 219,000 square ulation of Morocco vary from generally considered to be about the following result by

races:

Shellah Berbers, 2,200,000; pure
3,000,000; Jews, 150,000; negroes,
Tuat and other races, claimed by
have
been occupied by
recently
boundary between Moroccan and
mined. The number of Christians
these fully 5,000 are probably in
Morocco is unknown to Europeans.
of about 140,000 and Tangier of
southern capital. The Sultan and
sect of Sunnite Mohammedans.
chiefly in the attitudes assumed

The value of exports during ports are obtainable, was $8,835,

Two Italian artillery officers recently been loaned to the Sultan assist in the establishment of a Spanish military commissioner also either at Tetuan, Tangier or Fez. Spanish Government. There is a military doctor, and a German Every year several of the Govern

Sultan of Morocco.

semble their contingents to accompany the Sultan in his progress cavalry and infantry, which could be collected in time of war, would the forces already enumerated. There is no commissariat.

the

vaguely be estimated, as ert of Sahara, are unsettled. tigation, the area of the Sultan's miles. The estimates of the pop2,500,000 to 9,400,000, but it is 5,000,000. Another estimate gives Berbers and Tuaregs, 3,000,000; nomadic Bedouins, 700,000; Nured, 200,000. Some districts, including the Sultan as part of Morocco, Algerian no troops, but definite French territory has been deterdoes not exceed 6,000, and of Tangier. Much of the interior of Fez, the capital, has a population about 40,000. Morocco City is the his subjects are of the Malekite The differences between sects are during the recital of prayers. 1900, the last year for which re375, and of imports, $8,173,375. and an Italian civil engineer have by the Italian Government small arms factory at Fez. is engaged in topographical work according to the direction of the also a Spanish engineer officer and engineer officer with the Sultan. ors of provinces are ordered to asfrom Fez to Morocco. The irregular amount to about 40,000, in addition to

to

A

Music in 1902.

Miss Emma Eames.

Mme. Calve.

Notwithstanding the absence of the idolized and Irreplaceable Jean de Reszke, the season of grand opera in 1901-2 was one of great splendor. Ternina's work alone was enough to stamp it unique. If the perfection of musical art is to preserve the balance between the emotions and the intellect, how ideally does this great soprano accomplish that result. Reaching the extreme limit of emotional intensity, she seldom violates the slightest jot or tittle of the laws of artistic singing. In the most impassioned moments her phrasing, intonation and use of the legato are usually beyond reproach. Huneker, the well-known critic, said, in reference to her work in Puccini's "La Tosca" and "Die Gotterdammerung"; "Ternina sets standards," and "Her work is epoch-making." At a

JOHN PLEASANTS,
New York City.

certain performance of "Tristan and Isolde" the work of this great singer overshadowed that of all other principais.

The statement is made that the skill of the old Italian singing teachers has become a lost art, but Sembrich not only realizes the most exacting ideals of those great masters of bel canto, but is also able to interpret a varied repertoire of all schools, for which these teachers could not have prepared a pupil, and whose merits they probably would have failed to appreciate or comprehend.

With flawless voice and art, her dazzling singing of the great arias in the "Magic Flute," and her intensely sympathetic interpretation of Richard Strauss's great song, "Aller Seelen," affords as great a contrast as versatility can show. Great in opera, she is even greater in recital.

Emma Eames was as lovely as ever. Her singing, acting and beauty improve with time. The fascinating Calve, whose "Carmen" is well nigh unapproachable, gave great pleasure with her singing and superb acting.

And what a tower of artistic strength was Schumann-Heink! What an incomparable voice she has, and what a variety of exquisite tone-colors she can produce!

Many people think that the natural quality of Gadski's voice is unsurpassed; others believe that she has not reached the summit of her powers. But she is a great singer, as well as a great favorite, with a most magnetic and attractive personality. Warming up to her work slowly, when she gets thoroughly started she is hard to equal. As "Eva" in "Die Meistersinger" she is ideal.

Louise Homer, with her voluptuous contralto, is another great favorite. Another contralto, Carrie Bridewell, has shown great improvement, and is now one of the best.

Van Rooy's glorious voice and fine acting greatly strengthened the company. Di Marchi, the best Italian tenore robusto since Tamagno, was a new comer, who made a tremendous success. Gilibert, who sang only minor roles, was also a new comer with a high baritone of rare beauty. Campanari's superb technique, was shown to advantage in the "Magic Flute," and his legato, as well as his acting, were all remarkably fine. The work of such artists as Edouard de Reszke, Dippel, Van Dyck, Alvarez, Salignac, Bispham, Scotti, Blass and Reiss is well known. No such remarkable company appears in Europe.

The operatic event of the season was the production of Paderewski's "Manru,' a delightful work, original in conception, musical detail and romantic atmosphere.

San Francisco deserves great credit for her season of grand opera, the work of the chorus and orchestra and the staging being remarkably good. Collamarini, a great favorite, gave a unique and highly interesting personation of Carmen, although she defies every known (and unknown) law of artistic singing, and is physically of such vast proportions that the illusion of the character was marred. Dado, who possesses a rich, sonorous bass, was the best singer of the company. New Orleans also had a regular grand opera season. Gertrude Rennyson, of the Castle Square Opera Company, an organization that made a notable success, is a thoroughly artistic and attractive young soprano with a great future. Nordica, who toured the country in recital, was missed in New York more than any other singer, possibly excepting Jean de Reszke. Bispham inaugurated a splendid innovation in his Sunday afternoon recitals at popular, prices. Lilli Lehmann's recitals gave rare pleasure, her voice still being beautiful while her art is marvellous. She made an impressive figure with her imposing stature and beautiful silvery white hair.

Susan Metcalf scored a great success in her first recital. One critic said that it was a pity that some recitals which would hardly be missed could not be replaced by more of Miss Metcalf's. Among the new singers who will soon be heard in New York, is John R. Bland, a young tenore robusto, who sang successfully last Summer at Bar Harbor musicales.

These last two singers are pupils of Victor Beigel, whose work ranks very high among the many fine singing teachers of the country. During a residence of less than five years, Beigel's high ideals and artistic standards, have caused the best musical people to consider his opinion almost absolute. Anna Lankow has also developed many excellent singers.

Miss Wheeler, the contralto at Trinity, San Francisco, has a most remarkable voice. Of great range and fulness, with a quality velvety, voluptuous and intensely sympathetic, with wonderful low notes, this voice recalls that of Annie Louise Cary's in its prime. Miss Flynn, the soprano of this church, is one of the best church singers in the country.

The Boston Symphony Orchestra maintained its ideal standard. Ffrangcon Davies, the celebrated barltone, once said that he had heard all the best orchestras in Europe, and that nowhere was there such a

The photographs of Calve, Emma Eames and Carrie Bridewell are copyrighted by A. Dupont.

Edouard de Reszke.

Miss Gertrude Rennyson

Mme. Gadski.

Miss Louise Homer. and Haydn, and the Cecelia, both of Boston, has been immense. Frank Damrosch has done noble service with his people's singing classes, and Arthur Mees, a most inspiring and magnetic conductor, has also done much to elevate choral art.

The standard of organ playing improves constantly. Guilmant's influence through his pupils has been marked. The American Guild of Organists has also done good work. Lemare, the English organist of the Carnegie Music Hall, Pittsburg, is a great player, the variety of kaleidoscopic effects and colorings he gets in playing orchestral transcriptions being marvellous. Lemare has composed fine and original organ and church music.

Louis H. Eaton, of Trinity, San Francisco, is setting a standard both in recitals and choir work, never before attempted. Dethier, Heinroth, Macfarlane and Carl, all of New York, are among the best of the many fine organists. What is wanted both in secular and church music is a distinctively national school of composers; men of

Salignac.

Kubelik.

Mme. Sembrich. the calibre of Macdowell, Horatio Parker, Chadwick and Henry K. Hadley, but even more characteristically American. Dvorak and Paderewski, the latter in a most practical manner, recognized this need, and encouraged Americans to compose. Manuscript societies have done yeoman service in this cause.

The modern Russian school, which, excepting Tschaikowsky, is not sufficiently well known, is distinctively national. The original thinking of to-day is being done by these Russians. Scriabine, Withol and many others have written wonderful music.

Original themes, unusual rhythms, bold harmony, and gorgeous coloring characterize these compositions. They are poetic and scholarly, full of latent fire and deep passion, at times sad and sombre, and again wildly fantastic and even barbarous. An able but eccentric German musician said: "They are great students. Some are civil engineers, and when work is done they go home and write symphonies for fun." (He probably had Cesar Cui in mind.) "They write much in the minor, wherein they are wise. There is so much more room."

Church music needs much improvement. Secular, meretricious and trivial music is too common in many churches, both Roman Catholic and Protestant. The standard is gradually improving, but it is not high The photographs of Gadski, Louise Homer, Salignac and Schumann-Heink are copyrighted by A. Dupont.