IMMIGRANTS ARRIVING IN THE UNITED STATES EACH YEAR FROM 1820 TO 1902. As a result of the various wars in which it has been engaged, the United States Government has at the present time a list of nearly one million persons to whom it pays annual pensions. This army of pensioners includes survivors of all the wars excepting the War of the Revolution, soldiers and sailors who are in receipt of service pensions granted for service rendered prior to 1858, together with the widows of soldiers and sailors, for whom provision is made under certain conditions. The exact number is 999.446, of which number 4,695 reside outside of the United States. The total expenditure in pensions during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1902, was $137,400,742.17. Since the pension system was established it has cost the Government a total of $2,992,509,019.37, exclusive of the cost of establishing Soldiers' Homes. The Bureau employs a force of 1,741 employes, which, with the employes of the agencies, 432 in number, makes a total of 2,173. The total cost of administration for the year 1901-1902 was $3,590,529.12. More than one-half of the pensions paid are $10 per year or less; the average value of all the pensions allowed is $132.23. The number of applications for pensions examined during the year was 188,217. THE BUREAU OF PENSIONS. The fiscal year ending June 30, 1902, shows the following gain in the number of persons listed on the pension roll: By act of the Bureau.. 1900. 43,661 291 43,952 37,145 909 1,369 1,695 1,123 42,241 The number of pensioners upon the rolls July 1, 1902, and for the four preceding years, respectively, is as follows: Tables have been arranged from information furnished in the latest report of the Commissioner of Pensions. PENSION AGENTS AND AGENCY DISTRICTS. (Prepared for The American Almanac by the Bureau of Pensions.) 15 71 132 2,795 1,240| 4 25 58,373 44,868 115 3,441 884 14 47,965 140,173 States of North Carolina, Tennessee, State of Kentucky. Navy pensioners States of Wisconsin, Minnesota and Same as Buffalo, Joseph W. Jones. ..... Same as Augusta, Hugh Henry. Same as Buffalo, N. Y. as Buffalo, Same as Buffalo, Feb. 4, May 4, Emery F. Sperry. Same Oscar A. Jones.. Albert O. Marsh.... John W. Nesbit... apolis, Ind. Jesse B. Fuller.. Same as Augusta, Both banks of the Hudson River and both banks of the East River, as far north as the boundary line of New York City; all the shore of Staten Island; all the Kill von Kull; all the lower bay outside of a line drawn from about Hoffman's Island to the ship channel off Sandy Hook Point, and the city of Yonkers, N. Y. Patent Office Statistics. THE ANNUAL REPORT. The receipts of the Patent Office during the year ending December 31, 1901, amounted to $1,449,398.16; the expenditures were $1,297,385.64, leaving a surplus of $152,012.52. Summarized, the Patent Office business was as follows: No. of applications for patents for inventions. 43,973 No. of patents issued, including designs.. No. of patents reissued... No. of applications for reissues of patents.. 115 1,842 Total No. of applications for registration of trade No. of trade-marks registered. marks 2,410 No. of labels registered. No. of prints registered. 233 4 Total No. of appeals on the merits.. 910 27,292 81 27,373 1,928 878 159 2,965 19,147 4,111 No. of patents expired during the year. No. of applications allowed awaiting final fees 8,369 Both in the matter of patents issued and in trade marks registered the number during 1901 represented the largest annual issue in the history of the office. In proportion to population more patents were issued to citizens of Connecticut than to those of any other State-1 to every 1,198. Next in order are the following: District of Columbia, 1 to every 1,296; Massachusetts, 1 to every 1,472; New Jersey, 1 to every 1,572; Rhode Island. 1 to every 1.581; Colorado, 1 to every 1.718; New York, 1 to every 1,773: California, 1 to every 1.959; Illinois. 1 to every 1,984; Pennsylvania, 1 to every 2,221; Ohio, 1 to every 2,417; Washington, 1 to every 3.012; Michigan, 1 to every 3,198; Delaware, 1 to every 3,298; Oregon, 1 to every 3.308; New Hampshire, 1 to every 3.776; Indiana, 1 to every 3,812; Missouri, 1 to every 3,840; Wisconsin, 1 to every 3,903; Iowa, 1 to every 3,908; Maryland, 1 to every 4,013; Montana, 1 to every 4,055; Minnesota, 1 to every 4,199; Maine, 1 to every 4,480; Vermont, 1 to every 4,707: Utah, 1 to every 5,031; Nebraska, 1 to every 5.151: Idaho, 1 to every 5,578; Kansas, 1 to every 5.905; Nevada, 1 to every 6,047; Arizona Territory, 1 to every 6,470; Wyoming, 1 to every 6.609: North Dakota, 1 to every 7,092; West Virginia, 1 to every 8.125; Oklahoma Territory, 1 to every 8.298; New Mexico Territory. 1 to every 8.491; Texas, 1 to every 8,993; South Dakota, 1 to every 9,338; Virginia, 1 to every 9,657; Kentucky, 1 to every 9,849; Florida, 1 to every 9,972; Tennessee, 1 to every 10.415. The fewest patents granted in proportion to the number of inhabitants were in the following States and Territories: Alaska Territory, 1 to every 31,796; South Carolina. 1 to every 28,517; Alabama, 1 to every 22,300; North Carolina, 1 to every 18,386; Mississippi, 1 to every 18,038; Indian Territory, 1 to every 17,820; Georgia, 1 to every 14,874. As to foreign patents 1,045 were grantted to residents of Germany; 986 to those of England; 374 to those of Canada. 306 to those of France; 156 to those of Austria-Hungary: 56 to those of Switzerland; 55 to those of Scotland; 54 to those of Belgium; 53 to those of Sweden; 37 to those of Italy; 35 to those of Victoria: 30 to those of Denmark: 29 to those of Russia; Ireland and New Zealand, 25 each; New South Wales and Norway, 20 each; 19 to those of Netherlands: 11 to those of Mexico; 9 to those of South African Republic; 8 to those of South Australia; Argentina and Queensland, 5 each; Cuba and India, 4 each; Colombia, Egypt, Roumania and Western Australia, 3 each; Cape Colony and China, 2 each. and Algeria, Bermuda, Brazil, Jamaica, Japan, Java, Jersey, Peru, San Salvador, South Africa, Spain, Turkey and Turkey in Asia, 1 each. PATENTS ISSUED TO CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES, EACH CENSUS YEAR, 1840-1900. *States are arranged according to ratio of patents granted to population in 1900. t Includes three patents granted to U. S. Army. Includes seven patents to U. S. Army, one to U. S. Navy, and seventeen to citizens residing abroad. Includes six patents to U. S. Army, three to U. S. Navy and eight to citizents of Dakota. Includes nine patents to U. S. Army and nine to U. S. Navy. **Includes ten patents to U. S. Army and eight to U. S. Navy. States.* PATENTS ISSUED TO CITIZENS OF THE UNITED STATES.-Continued. 1870. 1880. 1890. 1900. *States are arranged according to ratio of patents granted to population in 1900. ↑ Includes three patents granted to U. S. Army. Includes seven patents to U. S. Army, one to U. S. Navy, and seventeen to citizens residing abroad. § Includes six patents to U. S. Army, three to U. S. Navy and eight to citiznes of Dakota. Includes nine patents to U. S. Army and nine to U. S. Navy. ** Includes ten patents to U. S. Army and eight to U. S. Navy. Forestry. By Act of March 2, 1891, the President is authorized to make public forest reservations by setting aside public timbered lands. Under this law there are now fifty-four forest reserves created by Presidential proclamation. These reserves are located in Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, WashIngton, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah and Wyoming, and, according to the report of the Commissioner of the General Land Office for the fiscal year 1902, now aggregate 60,175,765 acres. These reservations show an increase over those reported in 1901, of 13,765,556 acres. The total acreage of the States within which these reservations are located, and the total estimated area of forest reservations are as follows: Estimated area of forest reserves. States and Territories. Alaska Arizona California Colorado Idaho Montana Acres. Area States and Territories. 4,909,880 6,740,410 72,876,800 8,784,009 101,269,120 3,113,180 66,540,160 South Dakota Utah 208,902 Nebraska 49,619,840 Wyoming The Pennsylvania Legislature during the year passed an act raising the division of forestry of the State's agricultural department to the position of a department of forestry. The department consists of a Commissioner of Forestry and four others, who constitute the State Forest Reservation Commission, and are empowered to buy lands for the State forest preserve and to control the same. During the year a number of additions were made to the State forest preserves by purchase, and they now contain about 400,000 acres. Forest improvement and extension is being taken up in a practical manner by the State of Connecticut. The Legislature has passed an act authorizing the appointment of a State Forester by the Board of Control of the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station. This act, entitled "An act concerning the reforestation of barren lands," also provides for the purchase of lands suitable for the growth of oak, pine, or chestnut timber, such land to be used as a State park. The annual appropriation for this purpose is small, but the move is one that will greatly increase interest in the forest conditions of the State. In Indiana a State Board of Forestry was created by an act of the Legislature. In Michigan at the last session of the Legislature a tract of about 70,000 acres was set apart for a State forest reserve, and the State Forest Commission is exerting itself to greatly increase this area. The State university, too, has established a course of instruction in forestry. The campaign to preserve the redwood forests of the Big Basin, in the Santa Cruz Mountains of California, has met with success. The Legislature of that State in March, 1901, appropriated $260,000 for their purchase. This act not only did a great service to the cause of forestry in the United States, but also gave the State a superb park. The Minnesota Legislature enacted a law that sets aside as a part of the State forest reserves all lands unfit for agricultural purposes that reverted to the State through delinquent taxes prior to 1891. Thorough preparations are being made to establish an effective forest service in the Philippine Islands. According to the report of the Taft Philippine Commission the public forests of the Philippines cover about 40,000,000 acres-nearly as great an area as the combined national forest reserves in this country. They contain over 385 species of trees, many of which produce valuable gums, rubber, gutta-percha, drugs, or essential oils. Among them are seventeen distinct dyewoods. Arbor Day was proposed by Hon. J. Sterling Morton, ex-Secretary of Agriculture, and was first observed in Nebraska, where it was officially recognized in 1872. It was first associated with school-ground planting in Cincinnati, in 1882, in connection with a meeting of the American Forestry Association. Since then it has been best known by its observance in the schools. All the States have followed the example of Nebraska in establishing Arbor Day, and the movement has now spread into many foreign countries. Great Britain, France, Spain, Japan, and New Zealand all celebrate their Arbor Days. On July 1, 1901, the Division of Forestry became a bureau, and the first report under the organization was issued in December, 1902. The work of the Bureau of Forestry is organized along four lines: Forest management, forest investigation, records and tree planting. During the first year field work engaged 162 men and was carried on in 42 States and Territories. In 1898 the Division of Forestry offered to give assistance and advice to forest owners desirous of introducing conservative management, and during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1902, 37 applications were received by the Bureau, asking advice for the management of nearly 2,000,000 acres of forest land. Several of the more important problems partly solved by the Bureau during the past year consisted of the management of a Southern Appalachian forest, with particular attention to fire protection; management in connection with coal mining of a tract of mixed softwoods and hardwoods; management of tracts of longleaf pine in South Carolina, with a view to protect the forests from fire, lumbering and turpentine orcharding; management of a tract of fine hardwoods at Grand Island, Mich., and the management of a tract of second growth hardwoods near Arden, N. Y. All of these were worked with a view to increasing the commercial value of the forests. The Bureau also did considerable work toward providing plans for the preservation of national forest reserves, under the control of the Department of the Interior. During the last fiscal year the Bureau created the first reserves for forest planting on Government lands in a region that is now unproductive of timber. Measures were successfully initiated for the control by means of planted forests, of the shifting sand dunes on both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. Co-operative tree planting was encouraged, and much advice given private owners. As a result of the Bureau's work, thriving tree plantations now exist in the Dakotas, Nebraska, Kansas and Oklahoma, which will assure the farmers of those regions cheap fuel and fencing. In New England particular attention was given to the possibility of planting cheap land with white pine. So encouraging was the outcome of the Bureau's examination of this question that many owners of denuded lands are restocking them with white pine, Altogether, tree planting plans were made for 172 localities in 29 States and Territories. Investigations were carried on regarding commercial trees in several States, and in the industrial rela |