able to arbitral procedure, unless other rules have been agreed on by the parties. Article 31.-The Powers who have recourse to arbitration sign a special act ("Compromise'), in which the subject of the difference is clearly defined, as well as the extent of the arbitrators' powers. This act implies the undertaking of the parties to submit loyally to the award. Article 32.-The duties of Arbitrator may be conferred on one arbitrator alone or on several arbitrators selected by the parties as they please, or chosen by them from the members of the Permanent Court of Arbitration established by the present act. Failing the constitution of the Tribunal by direct agreement between the parties, the following course shall be pursued: Each party appoints two arbitrators, and these latter together choose an umpire. In case of equal voting, the choice of the umpire is intrusted to a third Power, selected by the parties by common accord. If no agreement is arrive at on this subject, each party selects different Power, a and the choice of the umpire is made in concert by the Powers thus selected. Article 33.-When a Sovereign or the Chief of a State is chosen as arbitrator, the arbitral procedure is settled by him. Administrative Council.-The Administrative Council of the Permanent Court of Arbitration is composed of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands, and such diplomatic representatives as the ratifying Powers may have stationed at The Hague, Mr. R. Melvil, Baron von Layden, Judge of the District Court of Utrecht, and a member of the First Chamber of the States-General is SecretaryGeneral of the Council. List of Members of the Permanent Hague Court.The following roster of the Permanent Court of Arbitration was furnished for The American Almanac for 1903 by the Department of State: Austria-Hungary.—Count Frederic Schonborn, doctor of law; Count Albert Apparyi, member of the Chamber of Maynoles; Henry Lammach, doctor of law. Belgium.-M. Breamaert, Minister of State; Baron Lambremont, Minister of State; Chevalier Descamps, Senator. Bulgaria. Stoyan Doueff, doctor of law; Dimitri Stancioff, doctor of law. Denmark.-Professor H. Malzen, doctor of law. France. Leon Bourgeoise, President of the Chamber of Deputies; M. De Laboulaya, ex-Ambassador; Baron d'Estourvelles de Constant, Minister Plenipotentiary; Louis Renanet, Minister Plenipotentiary. Germany.-M. Buigner, doctor of law; M. de Frantzius, counsellor; M. De Martitz, doctor of law; M. De Bar, doctor of law. Great Britain.-Sir Edwan Baldwin Malet, exAmbassador; Sir Edward Fry, doctor of law; Professor John Westlake, doctor of law. Greece.-Denys Stephanos, Deputy; George Streit, professor of law; Michel Kakdgy, professor of law. Italy. Count Constantin Negra, doctor of law; Commander Jean Baptiste Pagano Guamaschelli, doctor of law; Count Tornielli-Brusati di Vergani, doctor of law; Chevalier Joseph Zanardelli, doctor of law. Japan.-I. Molond, Envoy Extraordinary; Henry Willard Denicon, counsel of the Minister of Foreign Affairs at Tokio. Mexico. Manuel de Aspiroz, doctor of law; Jose Netherlands.-T. M. C. Auer, doctor of law; F. B. Roumania.-Theodore Rossetti, Senator; Jean Kalinderi, doctor of law; Eugene Statenco, President of the Senate; Jean N. Lahovari, ex-deputy. Russia.-M. V. Monravien, Minister of Justice; C. P. Pobedonostzui, Procurer-General; E. V. Frisch, President of the Department of Legislature; M. De Martens, privy counsellor. Servia.-George Pavlovildt, ex-Minister; Glicha Spain.-Duc de Telman, ex-Minister of Foreign Affairs: Rominnela F. Villaverde, Marquis de Pozo Robio, ex-President of the Chamber of Deputies; Bienvenido Oliver, Director-General of the Minister of Justice; Manuel Torres Campos, professor of law. Sweden and Norway.-S. R. D. K. d'Olivierona, doctor of law; M. G. Gram, ex-Minister of State of Norway. Switzerland.-Charles Lardy, doctor of law: Charles Hilly, doctor of law; Emile Rott, doctor of law. United States.-Hon. Melville W. Fuller, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court; Hon. John W. Griggs, ex-Attorney-General; Hon. George Gray, Judge of the Cirenit Court; Hon. Oscar L. Straus, ex-Minister to Turkey. ADJUSTING "THE PIOUS FUND" DISPUTE. The first cause heard before the International Court of Arbitration, established as an outcome of The Hague Convention resulted in a decision for the United States, one of the parties thereto, the other being the sister republic of Mexico. It was given by unanimous vote of the five arbitrators selected under the rules of the Court. Of these the two selected by the United States were Sir Edward Fry, an English judge, and Professor M. F. de Martens, a famous Russian jurisconsult. Those named by Mexico were Signor Pagana Guinas, of Italy, and Mr. Savornin Loman, formerly Dutch Minister of Justice. The fifth arbitrator, selected disinterestedly in accordance with the principles of The Hague Convention, was H. Matzen, a Danish lawyer of eminence, and one of the representatives of Denmark in the permanent organization of the International Court of Arbitration. He occupied the position of umpire in this case and officiated as president of the special tribunal. The maiter at issue was the adjustment of certain contentions concerning what is known as "The Pious Fund of the Californias." The origin of the dispute dates back to fifty-five years ago, and the United States Government was involved in it as representing the Catholic Church in California in its claim against the Government of Mexico on account of the Pious Fund. This fund was a gift made by certain persons in Spain, in 1697. to support Roman Catholie missions among the Indians of California, which was at that time a part of Mexico. After the expulsion of the Jesuits from Mexico and California by the Spanish Crown in 1767, the property and funds of the order, meluding this Picus Fund, which the Jesuits held in trust. were under control of the Spanish Government until Mexico achieved independence, when the fund was taken over by the new government, and administered for the maintenance of missions. When Upper California was ceded to the United States in 1848, Mexico ceased paying to the Catholic Church in that territory its share of the income from the fund. The prelates of the Catholic Church in California sued for their share of the interest before a mixed commission appointed in accordance with a convention agreed to on July 4, 1868. As a result of the hearing then given it was decided by Sir Edward Thornton, the umpire, that the interest of the fund should be equally divided between the church in California and the church in Mexico, and that the Government of Mexico should annually set aside half of the annual interest. amounting to $42,080.99. which, accumulating until 1869. amounted to $904,700.79, which was paid in full. No further payments were ever made, and in 1897 Mr. Powell Clayton, the United States Minister, pressed the Mexican Government vigorously for upward of $1,000,000 due the Catholic Church in California, but Mexico repudiated the indebtedness. The matter then came before the Pan-American Congress, which recommended settlement by arbitration, and the two governments decided to refer the case to The Hague tribunal. The protocol of the agreement was signed at Washington on May 22, 1902, and the special tribunal was promptly constituted, holding its sessions at The Hague, where it was formally welcomed by Queen Wilhelmina. The decision was rendered on Tuesday, October 14, 1902, after able presentation of the case on both sides, and it was received by all the eminent counsel engaged as the result of a careful and impartial hearing. The award made in connection with the decision provides that the Government of Mexico shall pay to the United States Government $1,420,682.67, constituting the arrears of payments due on account of the Pious Fund, and that the same government shall pay annually and forever, on and after February 2, 1903, the sum of $43,059.99 as the share of the Catholic Church of California in the income of that fund. International Conference of American States. The second International Conference of American States was held in the City of Mexico, October 22, 1901, to January 22, 1902. As a result of its sittings, twenty-three instruments were drawn up to be submitted to the various countries represented. Six of these were "conventions," one relative to the exchange of official, scientific, literary and industrial publications; one on literary and artistic copyrights; one for the formation of codes on public and private international law; one on the practice of learned professions; one relative to the rights of aliens, and one, which was signed only by Argentine Republic, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Uraguay, for the convening of a geographical congress at Rio Janeiro. Four "treaties" were arranged: One on patents of inventions, industrial drawings and models and trade marks; one for the extradition of criminals and for protection against anarchism; one for the arbitration of pecuniary claims, and one on compulsory arbitration, which was signed only by Argentine Republic, Bolivia, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Salvador, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay. One protocol" of adherence to the conventions of The Hague, was signed by Guatemala, Mexico, Haiti, Peru, the United States of America, Uruguay, Argentine Republic, Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Bolivia, Dominican Republic and Salvador. Eight "resolutions" were agreed upon: One on the Pan-American Railway; one on the holding of a customs congress; one on sources of production and statistics; one on measures tending to facilitate international commerce; one for the reorganization of the International Bureau of the American Republics; one concerning international sanitary police; one on future American conferences, and one relative to the meeting of a congress for the study of the production and consumption of coffee. Three "recommendations" were adopted: One on the establishment of a Pan-American bank; one on the creation of an international archaeological commission, and one for the adoption of measures relating to the Philadelphia Commercial Museum. One "proposition" was made for the obtaining of a subscription of 210,000 francs for a complete edition of the dictionary of construction of the Spanish language by Don Rufino Cuervo. With practically no exceptions but those noted, all these instruments were adopted by the various countries represented in the conference. Import Duties. EUROPEAN COUNTRIES. The following statement shows the rates of duties levied by the several European countries on imported agricultureal products: The import duties in Canada for the articles herewith appended are as follows: 7% Meats when in barrel, the barrel free, per lb. 25 Meats, fresh, per lb. 3 Lard and similar substances, cottolene, etc., per lb. 2232. 6 Live hogs, per lb... 1 15 Tallow, per cent ad valorem. 201% 10 Countries of the World, Cheir Rulers, Area and Population. Leopold II.. Jose Manuel Pando. Akamadin... Ferdinand. German Riesco.... Kwang-su (his aunt rules).. J. M. Manoquin.. Deb Raja. King of the Belgians Sovereign King. Oct. 18, 1830. Dec. 2, 1848. April 9, 1835. Dec. 10, 1865. 1893. Oct. 23, 1899. President. Nov. 15, 1898. Sultan.. Prince.. King Feb. 26. 1861. July 7, 1887. President.. Emperor. Aug. 15, 1871. Jan. 12, 1875. In Charge. High Com'r.. Christian IX.. King.. June, 12, 1869 President.. 9,734,405** Abbas II. President.. France 204,092 38,595,500|| Emile Loubet. President. German Empire. 208,830 56,367,178t William II. Emperor. Prussia 134,603 34,472,509 William II. King. King. Saxony Baden 5,787 4,202,216 George. King. Wurtemberg William II. King. Hesse 2,965 1,119,8931 Ernest Louis. Grand Duke.. July 14, 1874. Saxe-Altenburg Ernest.. Saxe-Weimar 250,731 George II.. Lippe 469 138,952 Karl Alexander. Prince. Schwarzburg-Sond Schwarzburg-Rud 363 85,863 Gunther... Prince. Schaumburg-Lippe Reuss, Sr. Branch. Alsace-Lorraine 5,604 1,719,470 Prince Hohenlohe Langenburg. Edward VII. Greece 25,014 2,433,806 George. 48,290* 1,574,3401 10,204 | 1,210.625 125,039 19,207,1031 Manuel Ecabresa. Statthalter.. Gen. Terencia Sierra President. 587,5001 Hungary India King.. 985,002 231,085,132|| Edward VII. of England. Emperor. Victor EmmanuelIII King. Japan 147,655 43,763,153§§ Mutsuhito. Mikado. Johor (d). 9,000 200,000* H. H. Ibrihim. Sultan. Korea 82,000* 5,608,151 Li Hsi.. Emperor. 2,060,000* G. W. Gibson. President. 236,5431 Adolf. Duke of July 31, 1900. Aug. 31, 1832. Oct. 30, 1894. Mar. 25, 1853. May 1, 1896. Sept. 28, 1863 Oct. 19, 1889. Emperor (Czar) May 18, 1868. Nov. 1, 1894. Nov. 19, 1898. June 3, 1829.. June 11, 1868. July, 1900. Sept. 22, 1842 Aug. 31, 1876. COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD, THEIR RULERS, AREA AND POPULATION.-Continued. *Latest official estimate. Mar. 1, 1899. Oct., 1899. 1895. July, 1902. Census of 1900. Census of 1890. $Census of 1895. ||Census of 1901. **Census of 1897. Census of 1896. Ecclesiastic enumeration of 1894. $$Census of 1898. Native statistics of 1900. a. Insane, under Prince Luitpold as regent. b. Elected six times in succession. c. Census of 1899. d. Under Great Britain. e. Census of 1891. f. Under France. g. Under Italy. h. Under Turkey. Civil Lists of European Rulers. AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.-Emperor Franz Josef I. has a civil list of 18,600,000 crowns ($3,750,000), onehalf of which is paid to him as Emperor of Austria out of the revenues of Austria, the other half as King of Hungary out of Hungarian revenues. BADEN. The civil list and appanager is 1,855,699 marks ($360,000). BAVARIA. The sum of 5,403,160 marks ($1,242,726) is appropriated to meet the requirements of the civil list of the King, which includes liberal allowances to other members of the royal family. BELGIUM.-King Leopold's civil list is 3,500,000 francs ($665,000). DENMARK.-The civil list of the King is 500,000 rigsdalers (2-crown piece, $240,000), and in addition the heir apparent has an allowance of 60,000 rigsdalers ($28,800). FRANCE.-The President of France receives 600,000 francs, with an additional allowance of 600,000 francs for expenses ($228,000). GERMANY.-Wilhelm II., as German Emperor and King of Prussia, receives 15,719,296 marks ($3,143,859). As the representative of the reigning house, he is in possession of a vast amount of property, great landed estates in various parts of the country, the revenue from which is largely used in defraying the expenses of the court and providing for the members of the royal family. The Royal Crown treasure, founded by King Friedrich Wilhelm III., and now consisting of a capital of more than six million marks, is at his disposal, as is also the family Fideikommiss, which was also founded by Fredrich Wilhelm, for the benefit of princes to be born afterward, and the House Fideikommiss of the Hohenzollern family. As the result, it is impossible even to approximate his income from all sources. GREAT BRITAIN.-In Great Britain the provision for the support of the royal household is made after the commencement of each reign. On July 2, 1901, therefore, the civil list of the King was fixed at £470,000 ($2,284,200), which was divided as follows: In the privy purse of the King and Queen, £110,000; for salaries of the royal household and retirement allowances, £125.800; for household expenses, £193,000; for works, £20,000; for alms, £13,000; unappropriated, £8,000. The list also provides for the support of the various members of the royal family, the annuities being: Prince of Wales, £20,000; Princess of Wales, £10,000; Duke of Connaught, £25,000: Duke of Cambridge, £12,000; Princess Christian of SchleswigHolstein, £6,000; Duchess of Argyll, £6,000; Princess Beatrice of Battenburg, £6,000; Duchess of Albany, £6,000; Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, £3,000. The heir apparent also derives a large income from the revenues of the Duchy of Cornwall. GREECE.-By the act of the National Assembly of 1863 the civil list was established at 1,125,000 drachmai, an amount to which the Governments of Great Britain, France and Russia have each added £4,000, making the total income of the King of Greece £52,000, or about $260,000. Since the attainment of the majority of the heir apparent, in 1866, the Government has given him a separate allowance of 200,000 drachmai ($37,000). ITALY.-The civil list is 15,050,000 lire ($2,859,500), but out of this an allowance of 400,000 lire ($76,000) is paid to the children of the late Duke of Aosta and an equal amount to the Duke of Genoa. LIPPE.-The reigning house is supported by the revenues arising from the Domanium, farms, forests, etc., which constitute the indivisible and inalienable estate of the ruling Prince. MONTENEGRO.-The reigning Prince receives an income of 100,000 florins ($46,000), while 25,000 and 12,000 florins go to the two elder Princes, respectively. NETHERLANDS (THE).-The civil list is 600,000 guilders ($246,000), in addition to the allowance of 50.000 guilders ($20,500) for the maintenance of the royal household. OLDENBURG.-The revenue of the Grand Duke is derived from the civil list, 400,000 marks ($80,000); the Crown lands, about 225,000 marks ($45,000), and the private estates of the family. PORTUGAL.-The combined grants to the members of the royal family aggregate 525,000 milreis ($567,000). Of this sum the King receives 365,000 milreis ($394,200), the Queen consort 60,000 milreis ($64,800). ROUMANIA.-The King receives an annual allowance of 1.185.185 lei ($201,482) in addition to the revenue from certain Crown lands. The grant to the heir apparent is 300,000 lei ($51,000). RUSSIA. There is no civil list, but the Czar is in possession of the enormous revenues which are derived from the crown domains, which include more than a million square acres of cultivated lands and improved forests, as well as several of the mines in Siberia. SAXE-COBURG AND GOTHA.-The Duke receives about 100,000 marks ($20,000) out of the income of the Gotha domains and one-half the excess of revenue over expenditures from Coburg. SAXE-MEININGEN.-The civil list consists of 394,286 marks ($78,858). The Duke also receives one-half the excess of revenue over expenditure, about 135,000 marks. SAXE-WEIMAR.-The civil list is 960,000 marks ($192,000). SAXONY.-The King has a civil list of 3,142,300 marks ($628,460), in addition to the 650,039 marks ($130,008) appanages of the princes and princesses. SCHWARZBURG-RUDOLSTADT.-Civil list 297,012 marks ($59,402). SPAIN. The total amount of the civil list and allowances paid to members of the royal family, including relatives of the late King, is 9,500,000 pesetas ($1,765,000), of which the present King receives 7,000,000 pesetas ($1,430,000). SWEDEN AND NORWAY.-The King has an annuity of 300,000 kroners ($75,000), and in addition there is a civil list of 1,321,000 kroners ($330,250) for the maintenance of the royal family. TURKEY.-As the income of the Sultan is largely derived from the revenues of Crown domains, it is impossible to do more than attempt to approximate the amount, which is variously estimated at from $5,000,000 to $10,000,000. WURTEMBERG.-The civil list of the King is 2,017,189 marks ($403,438), in addition to the 100,579 marks granted other members of the royal family. Principal Countries of the World-Cheir Financial Condition. (From the latest information in the possession of the Bureau of Statistics.) Austria-Hun 45,458,000 $134,700 $30.00 51,175,285 433,900] 9.69 154.000 23.08 115,000 121,500,000 British co.o nies, n.e.s." Canada Chili China 51,030,000] 43,206,000 173,500,000 Colombia Costa Rica.. 7,031,000 8,697,000 1,666,000 3,180,000 + 333,000 Denmark 19,247,008 20,619,361 1,37 15.809,000 3.95 887,000] 8.85 1,891,812 27,600 11.94 Ecuador 3,564,000! Egypt 56,424,345] France 691,349,500 691,291,192) 58,30 Germ. Empire 471,002,000| 489,804,000 -18,802, 7,882,435 621 500,402,729 53.61 5,800,691,814 150,61 557,626,622) 9.96 Germ. States. 2,015,958,000] 20,826,507 1,119,295 4,866 168,548,444| 69,25 +12,852,427 1,031,603,705 4.67 33,971,400 443,900 2.00 Japan 121,433.725] 18,126,702 Mexico 168,771,428 13.36 10,699,689) 169,000 13.37 Netherlands 14,117,838 122,400 23.81 Nicaragua 11.459,950 12.433,250 973,300 $200,000] Norway 21,457,4201 1,423,884 16,400 7.72 Paraguay Peru 5,914,000 6,072,000 $800,000 Portugal 56,363,000 59,237,000] Roumania Russia 891.772,000| Servia 15,144,548 921,068,000 14,842,825 + 2,784,000 1,248, -29,296,000 20,321,784) 4.41 670,221,374 143.82 280,136,991 47.37 3,167,320,000] 24.56 1900,000 21,550,3201 89,100 19.12 17,904,996 21,800 3.68 141,519,000] 896,200 6.95 Spain 170,998,000 174,752,000 301,723 3,754,000) 81,972,118 33.43 3,907,478 6,500! 2.70 80,782,000] 478,3001 26.37 Sweden 39,043,00 39.043.000 85,154,320| 16.71 3,173,388 51,200 10.03 Switzerland Turkey United King dom Uruguay 16,608,000 16,608,000 3,060,926,304) 74.83) 112,985.531 710,900 17.36 6,056,000 8,790,000 - 2,338,000 $5,218,797,132 $5,285,577,906| 1,949,686 *Except Australia, Canada and British India. Estimated. Does not include debt charge expenditures in Bosnia and Herzegovina. §Included with Austria-Hungary. nor military Principal Countries of the World-Cheir Commerce. (From the latest information in possession of the Bureau of Statistics.) 1900-1. Canada.. Ottawa $181,237,988] 46,916,422 203,420,565] 10,695,000 5,633.212) 15,618,068 + 9,773,345) 15,974,563 + 2,456,057) $165,461,000) + 68,131,000] 1283,731,924] -116,863,221 1177,431,386 61,201.242] +14,284,820) Imports into the U. S. $9,455,634 5,262,962 10,042,401 51,444,315 14,919,071 120,033 22 11,516,681 64,914,507 44,871,723) 24,161,522 3,806,602 105,789,214) 42,482,163 124,528,060 2,923,404 4,810,465 63,278,380) 3,305,593) Copenhagen 111,542,000] 75,549. 35.993.000] 6,541,000 75,355,729 77,753. 2.398.096] 1901 Germany. Berlin Athens N. Guatemala. Tegucigalpa Calcutta 909.908.0001 804,069,800 1,351,017,000 1,113.125,000) 264,317.582] -105,838.2001 78,405,9721 81,314,609 -237,892,000 2,635,600 + 1,561,600 392,024.708) +127,707,126) 1,181,453 988,606 5,646.669 47,171,558 1900 India, French.. Rome 331,497.902] 265,283,305] 66,214.597 124,208,923 3.187,766 21.162.477) 36.854,692 1900-1. México. Netherlands. New Zealand. 1900 Norway. The Hague. City of M'xico +64,035,609 36,475,350) 28.851,635 Wellington 51,809,226 64,462,443 12,653,217 *Exclusive of commerce between the Australian colonies. Includes specie and bullion. Estimated. §Except Australia. Canada and British India. **Included with Australia. ***Included with Sweden. 39,639,344] 443,000 1,482,194 2,035,636 |