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PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD-THEIR COMMERCE.-Continued.

1900-1. Philippines.

1901 .Portugal.

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2,411,483

369

3,156

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2,488,139

1901

Spain.

Madrid

161,886,406]

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1900

Sweden.

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104,877,512)

38,485,068

11,520,574

4,369,984

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Berne

211,937,614)

161,436,590]

50,501,024

232,336

16,035,278

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Const'ntin'ple

103,109,757 64,875,793

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1901

United Kingdom London

1901

Uruguay.

Montevideo

1898

Caracas

Totals.

Venezuela.

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Cable Showing the Debt, Gold, Silver and Paper Money, and Money Per Capita of Various Countries of the World.

(Prepared from the latest reports of the Treasury Bureau of Statistics.

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598,766,799]

155,291,927

1,480,820

1,974,977

2,736,726

6,609,919

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Bureau of the American Republics.

The Bureau of the American Republics was organized as a result of the first International Conference of the American Republics, held April 14, 1890, and has for its objects the dissemination of knowledge regarding each Republic represented in the bureau. Especial attention is paid to information along industrial and commercial lines, with the view of increasing general interest in the Republics and in bringing about better relations among them.

In March, 1902, a reorganization of the bureau took place at a meeting held in Washington, and several resolutions as to its policy were adopted. Hereafter the bureau shall be under the control of a Governing Board, composed of the diplomatic representatives of all the governments of the Republics, accredited by the Government of the United States, and of the Secretary of State of the United States, who is chairman of the Governing Board. Applicants for membership to the bureau must pass an examination provided by a committee from the Board. It was agreed to continue the publication of the Monthly Bulletin, and decided that as soon as the advertising contracts now existing have expired, that the publication of advertisements in the Bulletin shall cease. As a division of the bureau, a Latin-American library, to be known as "The Columbus Memorial Library," was established.

The report of the Director of the Bureau, W. W. Rockhill, for the fiscal year ending June 1, 1901, showed the receipts to have been $58.122.30, and the total expenditure $54,921.47, leaving a balance of $3,200.83. Besides the Bulletin, a number of other books were published,

2,400

5,400]

16,400 4.05 1,13 2.54

7.72

4,579

6.98

9.800

600 104.500 1,700 243.70

74,100 89.100
14,100]

1.12

2.10 15.90 19.12

21,800 896,200

1.20

.10 2.38 3.68

6.14

.811

6.95

3,300 157,400

6,806

10,700

31,000
20,500

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40,000 111.900

55.200
90,000

664,960

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Meaning of abbreviations: V., Voluntary; Co., Compulsory; C., Conscription; I. L.. Irregular Levies. NOTES.-*Estimated. Including India. Conscription system not yet in operation. Montenegro has no regular standing army, but all inhabitants, not physically unfit for service, are compelled to train as soldiers and are liable to call in case of necessity. SThe Shah has decreed that the army shall be raised by conscription, but this decree has never been enforced. Based on budget estimate. Battalions. Companies. The army has no unity, and there is little discipline. The weapons in use are obsolete. Brigade. Column. Divided as follows: Regular army, 359,994; irregular army, 604,419; Indian army, 214,729; colonial forces, 97,306. Every able-bodied male inhabitant liable. Divided between various branches of the service, as the active army, the reserve, the territorial army and the territorial reserve. 10 The army is in an extremely crude condition, and the main dependence of the nation is placed upon its more modern marine in fantry. 11Batteries. 12 Squadrons.

Officers Commanding the Armies of the World.

The following is a list of the officers commanding the armies of the various countries of the world: Abyssinia-Commander-in-Chief, the Emperor.

Afghanistan-Commander-in-Chief, General Ata Mohammed Khan.

Argentine Republic-Commander-in-Chief, Major-General Montes de Oca.
Austria-Hungary-Commander-in-Chief, the Emperor.

Corps Commanders-First Corps, Cracow, F. Z. M., Baron E. Albori; Second Corps, Vienna, Gen., Count A. Uexkull-Gillenband; Third Corps, Gratz, L. F. M.. E von Sukovatti: Fourth Corps, Budapest. L. F. M.. Prince R. Lobkowitz: Fifth Corps, Presburg, F. Z. M., Archduke Frederick; Sixth Corps, Kaschau, General H. Edler von Pokorny; Seventh Corps, Temesvar, F. Z. M., Schwitzer von Bayersheim; Eighth Corps, Prague, F. Z. M. Ludwig Fabini: Ninth Corps, Josefstadt, L. F. M., Kiobus: Tenth Corps, Przemysi, F. Z. M., Anton Galgotzy; Eleventh Corps, Lemburg, F. Z. M., Ferdinand Fiedler: Twelfth Corps. Hermannstadt. L. F. M.. Probszt Edler von Ohstorff: Thirteenth Corps, Agram, General, Baron A. Bechtoldsheim; Fourteenth Corps, Innsbruck, General, Archduke Eugene; Fifteenth Corps, Sarajewo, General, Baron von Appel. Belgium-Commander-in-Chief, the King.

Commandants of Military District-First (Flanders), Lieutentant-General, C. Ninitte: Second (Anvers). Lieutenant-General, E. G. A. Rahier: Third (Liege, Lombourg and Luxemberg). Lieutenant-General, E. J. B. C. S. Thorn: Fourth (Brabant. Hainut and Namur), Lieutenant-General, C. Rouen. Brazil-Commander-in-Chief, Marshal J. T. de Contuaria.

Commandants of Military Districts-First (Amazonas, Para, Mahanhao and Piauby), Brigadier-General B. Abrantes; Second (Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Parahyba and Pernambuca), Brigadier-General, S. R. da Silva Travassos; Third (Bahla, Sergipe and Alagras), Brigadier-General, F. da Silva Barbosa; Fourth (San Paulo, Minas Geraes, Goyaz, Espirito Santo and Rio de Janeiro), Major-General, F. de P. Argolo; Fifth

Officers.

Men.

(Parana and Santa Catharina),

-; Sixth (Rio Grande do Sul), Brigadier-General, F. A. Rodrigues Salles; Seventh (Matto Grosso), Brigadier-General, M. de Magalhaes. Chili-Commander-in-Chief. General E. Korner.

Chiefs of Military Zones-First Zone, General Vergara; Second Zone, General F. Lopetiqui; Third Zone, Colonel F. Urrutia; Fourth Zone, General Lopez; Fifth Zone, Colonel Zoni. Bolivia-Minister of War, Colonel Ismael Montes.

:

China-The Chinese Army is under the direction of a War Ministry, which has two presidents. The troops in the several provinces are under the command of the Governors-General and Governors of Provinces. Presidents of War Ministry-Yu-te and Hsu-houi-feng, Governors-General and the Governors of Provinces. Presidents of War Ministry-Yu-te (Manchu), and Hsu-houi-feng (Chinese). Governors-General and Governors of Provinces in China proper-Tchli, Governor-General Liang-Kiang, Governor-General, Liou-koun-yi; Klangsou, Governor, Nieh-chi-kuei; Ngan-nui, Governor, Wangchih-chun; Kiangsi, Governor, Li-hsing-jui; Mintche, Governor-General, Hsuying-kuei; Tehe-kiang. Governor, Jen-tao-jing; Fokien, Governor, Ching-hsing: Liang-hou, Governor-General, Tschang-ji-toung: Houpe, Governor, Touanfang; Hounan, Governor, Yu-lien-san: Honan, Governor, Soung-shou: Chantoung, Governor, Youanshi-kai; Chansi, Governor, Tsen-chun bsuan; Chen-kan, Governor-General, Soung-fan; Chensi, Sheng-yun; Kansou; Governor-General, Hsi-chen; Sin-tsiang. Governor, Yao-ying-chi; Sse-tchouan, Governor-General, Kouei-tchun; Liang-Kwang, Governor-General, Tao-mou; Kouang-toung, Governor, Te-shou: Kouangsi, Governor, Te-shou; Yun-kwe, Governor-General, Wel-Kouang-tao; Yunnan, Governor, Li-ching-hei; Kouel-tcheou, Governor, Teng-houa-hsi. Commander-in-Chief of troops in Manchuria, Tseng-chi.

Governors-General and Governors of Provinces in Manchuria-Kirin, Governor, Chang-sun; Hei-lounkiang, Governor, Ent-tse; Moukden, Governor-General, Heng-shou. Colombia-Commander-in-Chief, General R. Urdaneta.

Congo Commander-in-Chief, Tongler.

Costa Rica Commander-in-Chief, the President of the Republic; General of Division, B. Cavaz.
Denmark-Commander-in-Chief, the King.

First General Command-Lieutenant-General M. S. F. Hedemann; Second General Command, LieutenantGeneral C. E. Meldahl.

Dominican Republic-Minister of War and Marine, General R. Rodriguez.
Ecuador-Minister of War and Marine, General N. Arellano.
France-Commander-in-Chief, General Brugere.

Military Governor of Paris, General Faure-Biguet.

Commanders of Army Corps-First Corps, Lille, General Jeannerod; Second Corps, Amiens, General Lanes; Third Corps, Rouen, General Gallimard; Fourth Corps, Mans, General Sonnois; Fifth Corps, Orleans, General Farmy; Sixth Corps, Chalons-sur-Marne, General Hagron; Seventh Corps. Besancon, General Dessirier; Eighth Corps, Bourges, General Godart; Ninth Corps, Tours, General Tanchot; Tenth Corps, Rennes, General Donop; Eleventh Corps, Nantes, General Grisot; Twelfth Corps, Limoges. General Decharme; Thirteenth Corps, Clermont-Ferrand, General Tournier; Fourteenth Corps. Lyons, General Zede; Fifteenth Corps, Marseilles, General Metzinger; Sixteenth Corps, Montpellier, General Pedoya; Seventeenth Corps, Toulouse, General Tisseyre; Eighteenth Corps, Bordeaux, General Grasset; Nineteenth Corps, Algiers, General Caze; Twentieth Corps, Nancy, General Langlois; Division of Occupation, Tunis, General Begassiere; Corps d'Armee of Colonial Troops, Paris, General Duchemin. Germany-Commander-in-Chief, the Emperor.

Field Marshals-General-Albert, King of Saxony; Prince George of Saxony, Prince Albrecht of Prussia, and Count Waldersee. Chief of General Staff-General, Count von Schlieffen.

Commanders of Army Corps-First Corps, Konigsberg, General von Werder; Second Corps, Stettin, General von Langenbeck; Third Corps, Berlin, General von Lignitz; Fourth Corps, Magdeburg, General von Klitzing: Fifth Corps, Posen, General von Stulpnagel; Sixth Corps, Breslau, General, hereditary Prince of Saxe-Meiningen; Seventh Corps, Munster, General von Bulow; Eighth Corps, Coblenz, General, hereditary Grand Duke of Baden; Ninth Corps, Altona, General von Massow; Tenth Corps, Hanover, General von Stunzner; Eleventh Corps, Casset, General von Wittich; Twelfth Corps, Dresden, General Baron von Hausen; Thirteenth Corps, Stuttgart, General von Falkenhausen; Fourteenth Corps, Carlsruhe, General von Bulow; Fifteenth Corps, Strassburg, General von Bittenfield; Sixteenth Corps, Metz, General Count von Haeseler; Seventeenth Corps, Dantzic, General von Lentze; Eighteenth Corps, Frankfort-on-Main, General von Lindequist; Nineteenth Corps, Leipsic, General von Treitschke. First Corps, Bavarian Army, Munich, General Prince Arnulf of Bavaria; Second Corps, Bavarian Army, Wurzburg, General Ritter von Xylander; Third Corps. Bavarian Army, Nuremberg, General H. von Xylander.

Commander of the Guards, Berlin, General von Bock U. Polach.

Great Britain-Commander-in-Chief-Field Marshal, Earl Roberts, V. C., K. G., etc.

Army Corps and District Commanders-First Army Corps, Aldershot, General Sir J. D. P. French, K. C. B.; Second Army Corps, Salisbury Plains, General Sir H. E. Wood, V. C., G. C. B., etc.; Eastern District, Colchester, Major-General Sir W. F. Gatacre, K. C. B.; Home District, London, Major-General Sir H. Trotter. K. C. V. O.: Northeastern District, York, Major-General R. T. Thynne, C. B.: Northwestern District, Chester, Major-General L. V. Swaine, C. B.; Southeastern District, Dover, Major-General H. H. Parr, C. B., etc.: Southern District, Portsmouth, Lieutenant-General Sir B. C. Russell, G. C. B., etc.; Thames District, Chatham, Major-General Sir T. Fraser, K. C. B., etc.; Western District, Devonport, Lieutenant-General Sir W. F. Butler, K. C. B.; Woolwich District, Woolwich, Major-General Sir J. F. Maurice, K. C. B.: Scottish District, Edinburgh, Lieutenant-General Sir Archibald Hunter, K. C. B.. etc.

Third Army Corps. Ireland-Commander, General, H. R. H., the Duke of Connaught, K. G. District Commanders, Belfast-Major-General E. P. Leach, V. C., C. B., etc.; Cork, Major-General Sir H. McCalmont, K. C. B.; Curragh, Major-General Sir Herbert Chermside, G. C. M. G.; Dublin, vacant. The Indian Army-Commander-in-Chief, H. E. General Sir Arthur Power Palmer, G: C. I. E., K. C. B. Punjab Command, Muree, Lieutenant-General Sir Bindon Blood, K. C. B.; Punjab Frontier Force and District, Abbottabad, Major-General C. C. Egerton, C. B.; Bengal Command, Naini Tal, Lieutenant-General Sir George Luck, K. C. B.; Madras Command, Ootacamund, Lieutenant-General Sir George Benjamin Wolseley, K. C. B.; Bombay Command, Poona, Lieutenant-General Sir Robert Cunliffe Low, G. C. B. Greece-Commander-in-Chief, The Prince Royal.

Division Commanders-Athens, Brigadier-General T. Vassos; Larisse, Brigadier-General J. Demopoulos; Missolonghi, Brigadier-General N. Smolenitz. Guatemala.-Secretary of War, Luis Molina. Haiti-Secretary of War and Marine, V. Guillaume. Honduras-Minister of War, General M. Rosales.

Italy-President of the Supreme Tribunal of the Army and Navy, Lieutenant-General F. Racagni; Chief of Staff, Lieutenant-General T. Saletta.

Commanders of Army Corps-First Corps, Turin, Lieutenant-General Luigi Pelloux: Second Corps. Alessandria, Lieutenant-General V. Rugin; Third Corps, Milan, Lieutenant-General A. Ferrers; Fourth Corps, Genoa, Lieutenant-General Leone Pelloux: Fifth Corps, Verona, Lieutenant-General Count Del Mayno; Sixth Corps, Bologna, Lieutenant-General Gandolfi: Seventh Corps, Ancona, Lieutenant-General A. Tonini: Eighth Corps, Florence, Lieutenant-General A. Baldissera; Ninth Corps, Rome, Lieutenant-General G. Besozzi; Tenth Corps, Naples, Lieutenant-General G. Mirri; Eleventh Corps, Bari, Lieutenant-General E. Pedotti; Twelfth Corps, Palermo, Lieutenant-General G. Ottolenghi.

Commanding General of Carabiniers, Lieutenant-General F. Sismondis.

Commanders of Military Divisions-1, Turin, Lieutenant-General G. Riva Pallozzi; 2, Novara, Lieutenant-General L. Barbieri; 3, Alessandria, Lieutenant-General G. Gobbo; 4, Cuneo, Lieutenant-General J. Sanguinetti; 5, Milan, Lieutenant-General E. Osio; 6, Brescia, Lieutenant-General F. Pistoia; 7, Placenza, Lieu

tenant-General Ph. Gazurelli; 8, Genoa, Lieutenant-General A. Cerruti; 9, Verona, Lieutenant-General G. Guy: 10, Padua, Lieutenant-General M. Lamberti; 11, Bologna, Lieutenant-General V. Assinari di Bernezzo; 12, Ravenna, Lieutenant-General C. Tarditi; 13. Ancona, Lieutenant-General V. Marras; 14, Chieti, Lieutenant-General L. Bisesti; 15, Florence, Lieutenant-General G. Perrucchetti; 16. Leghorn, Lieutenant-General G. Goiran; 17, Rome, Lieutenant-General L. Fecia di Cossato; 18, Perugia, Lieutenant-General T. Valles; 19, Naples, Lieutenant-General F. Mazza; 20, Salerno, Lieutenant-General S. Fantoni; 21, Bari, Lieutenant-General O. Radicati di Marmorito; 22, Catanzaro, Major-General F. Lazari; 23. Palermo, Lieutenant-General G. Bellati; 24, Messina, Lieutenant-General A. Moriondo; 25, Cagliara, Lieutenant-General F. Rogier. Japan-Commander-in-Chief, the Emperor.

Council of Marshals-Marquis Yamagata, Prince Komatsu, Marquis I. Oyama and Marquis T. Saigo. Commanders of Divisions-Division of the Guard, Tokio, Lieutenant-General Baron Y. Hasegawa; First Division, Tokio, Lieutenant-General Prince Foushimi; Second Division, Sendai, Lieutenant-General Baron K. Nishi; Third Division, Nagoya, Lieutenant-General Baron Y. Oshima; Fourth Division, Osaka, LieutenantGeneral Baron M. Ogawa: Fifth Division, Hiroshima, Lieutenant-General Baron M. Yamakuchi; Sixth Division, Kumamota, Lieutenant-General Y. Isezi; Seventh Division, Sapporo, Lieutenant-General Baron N. Osako; Eighth Division, Hirosaki, Lieutenant-General Baron N. Tatsumi; Ninth Division, Kanazawa, Lieutenant-General Baron H. Oshima; Tenth Division, Himedzi, Lieutenant-General Baron K. Kawamura; Eleventh Division, Marongame, Lieutenant-General M. Okihara; Twelfth Division, Kokoura, Lieutenant-General H. Inouye.

Korea-Minister of War, Yi-Chi-Yong. Military Cabinet-Lieutenant-Generals Min-Yong-Hui, Min-Yong-
Hoan, Yi-Chong-Keun; Major-General Min-Yong-Chol; 4 Majors, 5 Captains, 16 Lieutenants.
Liberia Secretary of War, J. B. Dennis.

Luxembourg-Commandant of Troops, Major Van Dyek.
Mexico-Minister of War and Marine, General A. Pezo.
Monaco-Commandant of Troops, Colonel Count Christian.

Montenegro-Commander-in-Chief, The Prince; Commander of Active Army, The Hereditary Prince. Chiefs of Brigades-G. Petrovitch Niegoch, M. Gjourovitch, M. Voutchinitch, L. Sotchitza, V. Ivanovitch, Lakitch Woivoditch, M. Gjouraskovitch, M. Wlahovitch, J. Djourachkovitch, infantry; J. S. Martinovitch, artillery.

Morocco-War Minister, Kaid El Mehedi el Menebhi.

A. Krool.

Netherlands-Minister of War, Lieutenant-General J. W. Bergansius; Chief of Staff, Lieutenant-General Commanders of Divisions-First Division, La Hague, Major-General W. B. J. Duyker; Second Division, Arnheim, Major-General A. J. Prins; Third Division, Breda, Major-General W. G. F. Snijders. Nicaragua-Commander-in-Chief, the President.

Papal See-Commander of the Guards, Lieutenant-General Prince Rospigliosi.

Persia Commander-in-Chief, Prince Amir Khan, Sipahsalar, Minister of War.

Peru-Minister of War and Marine, Captain Meliton Carvajol; Chief of Staff, Brigadier-General M.

Velarde.

Portugal-Minister of War, Pimentel Pinto; Chief of Staff, Brigadier-General A. F. da Silva, Oliveira. Commanders of Military Divisions-Lisbon, Major-General F. A. Craveiro Lopes; Vizen, Major-General J. Pedro Caldeira; Oporto, Major-General M. da Gama Lobo Sepulveda; Evora, Major-General A. C. da Costa. Military Commanders of the Isles-Madeira, Colonel J. Fr. Regis do Rio Carvalho; Azores, BrigadierGeneral Pimenta de Castro.

Roumania-Chief of Staff, Brigadier-General A. Carcaletzeano.

Commanders of Army Corps-1, Brigadier-General J. Argetoyano; 2, Major-General E. Arion; 3, MajorGeneral S. Baicoiano; 4, Major-General L. Iarea.

Russia-Commander-in-Chief, the Czar.

Commanders of Army Corps Corps of the Guard, St. Petersburg, Major-General Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovitch; Corps of Grenadiers, Moscow, General Malakow; First Corps, General Baron Meyendorff; Second Corps, General Chtscherbatow; Third Corps, General Telafkovysky; Fourth Corps, Lieutenant-General Masslow; Fifth Corps, Lieutenant-General Bogoljoubow; Sixth Corps, General Grippenberg: Seventh Corps, Lieutenant-General Younakow; Eighth Corps. Lieutenant-General Mylow; Ninth Corps, General Ljubowisky; Tenth Corps, Lieutenant-General Sloutchevsky; Eleventh Corps, Lieutenant-General Filippow; Twelfth Corps, Lieutenant-General Karass; Thirteenth Corps, General Rehbinder; Fourteenth Corps, Lieutenant-General Chrechtschativzky: Fifteenth Corps, Lieutenant-General Weiss: Sixteenth Corps, General Batyanow; Seventeenth Corps, Lieutenant-General Bilderling: Eighteenth Corps, General Adamovitch; Nineteenth Corps, Lieutenant-General Krjoukow; Twentieth Corps, General Kakhanow; Twenty-first Corps, General Wodar.

Army of the Caucasus-First Corps, Lieutenant-General Prince Amiradchivow; Second Corps, General Sesemann. Army of Turkestan-First Corps, Lieutenant-General Topornine; Second Corps, Lieutenant-General Soubbotitch. First Corps of Cavalry, General Lermantow: Second Corps of Cavalry, Lieutenant-General Vanliarliarski. Army of Siberia-First Corps, Lieutenant-General Lenevitch; Second Corps, Lieutenant-General Baron Stackelberg.

Commanders of Cossack Troops--General Grodekow. Lieutenant-General Hasen-Kampff, General Prince Galitzine, Lieutenant-General Maximovitel. Lieutenant-General Malama, Lieutenant-General Gribsky, Lieutenant-General Barabach, Lieutenant-General Stavrovsky, Major-General Ionow, Lieutenant-General Soukho

tine, Lieutenant-General Tolstow.

Salvador-Commander-in-Chief, the President.

San Marino Commandant of Militia, Fred. Gozi.

Servia-Commander of the Active Army, General M. Stretchkovitch.

Commanders of Divisions-1. General J. Petrovitch: 2. Colonel B. Damnjanovitch; 3. Colonel D. Nicolitch: 4. Colonel V. Avatehitch; 5, General I. Velimmirovitch; Cavalry Division, Colonel M. Konnvistch. Siam Commander-in-Chief, Prince Nakon Tchaisie.

Spain-Commander-in-Chief, the King.

Captains-General of Regions-First Region, Lieutenant-General A. Molto: Second Region, LieutenantGeneral Luque; Third Region. Lieutenant-General Pando: Fourth Region. Lieutenant-General Barges; Fifth Region, Lieutenant-General Bowero: Sixth Region, Lieutenant-General Macias; Seventh Region, LieutenantGeneral Suarez Valdes: Eighth Region, Sub-Inspector J. Lachambre.

Sweden-Norway-General Commander-in-Chief, the King; Commander-in-Chief-Minister of War, Wieden

hielm.

Commanders of Military Districts (Sweden)-1, Lieutenant-General Brakenhielm: 2, Major-General Munck 3, Major-General Baron Ericson; 4, Major-General Nadd: 5, Major-General Baron Stjernstedt: 6. Major-General Warberg. (Norway)-Commander-in-Chief, Lieutenant-General H. P. L'Orange: Commanders of Military Districts-1. Major-General O. Hansen: 2, Lieutenant-General Mellbye; 3, Major-General J. Sejersted; 4, Major-General Hoff; 5, Major-General Overgaard.

Switzerland-Secretary of Military Department. Colonel S. Gulzwiller.

Turkey-Minister of War, Mubtar Effendi: Chief of Staff, Major-General Edhem Pacha.

Commanders of Army Corps-1 (Imperial Guard), Reouf Pacha; 2, Arif Pacha: 3, Hairi Pacha: 4. Zeki Pacha: 5, Feyzi Pacha: 6. Ahmed Feizi Pacha; 7, Abdullah Pacha; Division of Hedjaz, Ahmed Ratib Pacha; Division of Tripoli, Redjeb Pacha.

Uruguay-Minister of War and Marine, General Pedro Callorda; Chief of Staff, Colonel Antonio Marquez. Venezuela-General Commander-in-Chief, General Joaquin Gorrido.

Naval Force of the World.

The following table shows, approximately, the naval force of the principal nations of the world. It is not entirely complete, data to make it so not being attainable, but is sufficiently so to give a just estimate of the comparative strength of the principal powers. In addition to those governments shown in the table. Belgium, Bulgaria, Ecuador, Egypt, Haiti, Mexico, Morocco, Persia, Peru, Roumania, Santo Domingo, Sarawak, Siam, Uruguay and Venezuela have each from one to half a dozen boats of small size and little efficiency, hardly worthy of being dignified with the name of navy.

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Argentine Republic, armored ships, under 10,000 tons..
Argentine Republic, cruising ships, under 10,000 tons.
Argentine Republic, torpedo boats, destroyers, etc.
Austria-Hungary, armored ships, under 10,000 tons.
Austria-Hungary, cruising ships, under 10,000 tons.
Austria-Hungary, torpedo boats...

Brazil, armored ships, under 10,000 tons.
Brazil, cruising ships, under 10,000 tons.
Brazil, torpedo boats..

Chili, armored ships, under 10,000 tons.

Chili, cruising ships, under 10,000 tons.
Chili, torpedo boats and destroyers.

China, cruising ships, under 10,000 tons.
China, torpedo boats..

Costa Rica, torpedo boats.

Denmark, armored ships, under 10,000 tons.
Denmark, cruising ships..

Denmark, torpedo boats..

France, armored ships, over 10,000 tons.
France, armored ships, under 10,000 tons.
France, cruising ships, under 10,000 tons..
France, merchant cruisers, auxiliary to navy.
France, torpedo boats and destroyers...
Germany, armored ships, over 10,000 tons..
Germany, armored ships, under 10,000 tons.
Germany, cruising ships, under 10,000 tons.
Germany, merchant cruisers, auxiliary to navy
Germany, torpedo boats and destroyers.
Great Britain, armored ships, over 10,000 tons.
Great Britain, armored ships, under 10,000 tons.
Great Britain, cruising ships, over 10,000 tons.
Great Britain, cruising ships, under 10,000 tons.
Great Britain, river gunboats

Great Britain, naval reserve merchant marine cruisers.

Great Britain, torpedo boats and destroyers.

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Greece, armored ships under 10,000 tons.

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Greece, cruising ships, under 10,000 tons.

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4

Greece, torpedo boats and destroyers..

2,260

41

Italy, armored ships, over 10,000 tons.

14

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Italy, armored ships, under 10,000 tons.

13

Italy, cruising ships, under 10,000 tons.

80,651 6,879.

7.925 6.057

42

Italy, subsidiary auxiliary cruisers and dispatch vessels.

71,479 24,556,

12,675 7,810

12

Italy, torpedo boats and destroyers..

154

Japan, armored ships, over 10,000 tons.

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Japan, armored ships, under 10,000 tons.

6,100 3,617

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4.270 2.954

Japan, cruising ships, under 10,000 tons.

31 75,238

9,996 5.160

Japan, torpedo boats and destroyers.

91

Netherlands, armored ships under 10,000 tons.

29

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Netherlands, cruising ships, under 10,000 tons.

52,060

7,252

3,723

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Naval Commanders of the World.

Argentine Republic.-Minister of Marine, Captain (Naval) 0. Betbeber; Chief of Staff, Captain (Naval) Atilio Barilari.

Austria.-Commander-in-Chief, Admiral Baron H. von Spaun.

Admiral of the Port of Pola, Vice-Admiral Baron F. von Minutill: Commandant of the Maritime Arsenal, Rear Admiral P. von Pott; Commandant of the Maritime District of Trieste, Rear Admiral Kneisler von Maixdorf.

Brazil.-Director-General. Dr. A. J. Teixeira de Freitas; Chief of Staff. Vice-Admiral Ed. Wandenkolk. Chili. Minister of War and Marine, Beltram Mathieu; Under Secretary of Marine, Carlos Esteuez. Costa Rica. Minister of War and Marine. D. Iglesias.

Denmark. Inspector of Fleets, Vice-Admiral F. P. A. Uldall; Chief of Arsenals, Rear Admiral G. H. R. Zachariae; Chief of the Defence of Copenhagen, Rear Admiral C. F. Wandel.

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