SIMILARITY IN DIVERSITY.-SENSATIONS.

13. Likeness with unlike accompaniments the principal field

of examples of the law of Similarity

14. Movements;-case of Speech

15. Sensations;-Organic Life

16. Tastes

17. Identity of a common effect from different causes; Classifi-

PAGE

462

463

465

466

470

19. Hearing. Musical and articulate identifications in the
midst of diversity

20. The ear concerned in our retentiveness for language
Similarities in language heard by us.

CONTIGUOUS AGGREGATES.—CONJUNCTIONS.

23. Popular classifications of natural objects

Re-classifying of things already classified

24. Things affecting a plurality of Senses

25. Objects identified from their uses; mechanical invention
26. Natural objects identified on their scientific properties;

chemical discoveries

27. Classifications of the naturalist; Linnæus
Analogies struck by Goethe and Oken

28. The Animal Kingdom

Reform in the classification

Discovery of the homologies of the skeleton
Character of Oken

Influence upon knowledge of true identities

PHENOMENA OF SUCCESSION.

29. Various modes of succession

Of identities some are real others illustrative

501

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

xxvii

PAGE

30. Identification among the different classes of successions. 501

31. Successions of Human History; historical comparisons.

32. Institutional comparisons; the science of Society

33. Scientific Causation; Newton's discovery of universal

gravitation

Characteristics of the intellect of Newton

502

503

504

506

507

511

REASONING AND SCIENCE IN GENERAL.

34. The different processes of science;-Abstraction

35. Induction: the inductive process demands the power of

Similarity

Inductions fitted into previously established

formulas

The Laws of Kepler

36. Inference, or Deduction

Real and syllogistic, or formal, deduction .

Given a law, to find new cases for its application

Given an obscure case, to find a clear and known

Franklin's identification of lightning and elec-

tricity

37. Reasoning by Analogy

BUSINESS AND PRACTICE.

38. Inventions in the arts:-James Watt .

39. Administration of public and private business

Extension to new cases of devices already in use

The identification must turn on the relevant cir-

cumstances of the case

ILLUSTRATIVE COMPARISONS AND LITERARY ART.

41. Comparison an aid to intellectual comprehension

Writings of Lord Bacon .

.

42. Comparisons for ornament and effect:-the Orator and

Poet

43. Figures of speech implying comparison

FINE ART IN GENERAL.

PAGE

44. Some of the Fine Arts involve the intellect largely

45. The less intellectual Arts

Functions of intellect in the Fine Arts generally 537

SIMILARITY IN ACQUISITION AND MEMORY.

46. Similarity, by tracing out repetitions, shortens the labour

545

546

549

COMPOUND ASSOCIATION.

1. There may exist in any one case a plurality of associating

COMPOSITION OF CONTIGUITIES.

2. Contiguous conjunctions:-complex wholes and concrete

objects

3. Connexions with locality and with persons

4. Connexion of things with uses

5. Successions:-the succession of Order in Time

6. Language

COMPOSITION OF SIMILARITIES.

7. Increase of points of resemblance

8. Mixture of language and subject matter

MIXED CONTIGUITY AND SIMILARITY.

9. The identities struck by pure similarity are afterwards

recovered by similarity and contiguity mixed

10. Influence of proximity in bringing on a difficult identifi-

cation

553

554

555

556

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

xxix

THE ELEMENT OF EMOTION.

II. An emotional state gives its character to the trains of

recollection

12. The purely intellectual bonds are made subordinate in

⚫emotional natures .

INFLUENCE OF VOLITION.

PAGB

557

558

13. Modes in which volition may operate in resuscitating

the past

(1.) By the stimulus of excitement

(2.) By controlling the intellectual attention

THE SINGLING OUT OF ONE AMONG MANY TRAINS.

559

ib.

ib.

14. Concurrence of other suggesting circumstances with an

object before the view

15. Selection of one out of many properties of the same object

OBSTRUCTIVE ASSOCIATION.

16. Recollections obstructed by the mind's being possessed

with something different

17. Conflict of different modes of viewing the world

Guessing of conundrums .

ASSOCIATION OF CONTRAST.

18. Contrast not an elementary principle of association

562

563

564

Made up of Contiguity and Similarity, aided by emotions

1. There is in the mind a power of original construction

2. Complex acts acquired by taking the simple acts separately 572

VERBAL CONSTRUCTIVENESS.

3. Constructiveness in Speech; conveyance of meaning

Element of volition in constructiveness

4. Fulfilment of the conditions of grammar, &c.

Necessity of a large stock of vocables to choose

from

FEELINGS OF MOVEMENT.

5. Construction of inexperienced ideas of weight, range, &c.

CONSTRUCTIVENESS IN THE SENSATIONS.

6. Forming by combination new states of Organic feeling

7. Tactual constructions.

8. States of Hearing the result of a combining effort.

9. Constructiveness in Sight

CONSTRUCTION OF NEW EMOTIONS.

10. Elementary emotions of human nature must be expe-

rienced

Changing the degree of a known feeling

11. Combining of two emotions so as to bring out a third

Occasions for the exercise of this power

CONCRETING THE ABSTRACT.

PAGE

577

584

585

586

587

12. Given the abstract properties of an object, to conceive the

object itself

13. The farther abstraction is carried, the more difficult it is

to remount to the concrete

REALISING OF REPRESENTATION OR DESCRIPTION.

587

589

14. The machinery of representation

15. Verbal description

16. Maxim of the describing art in general

To combine a type with an enumeration

CONSTRUCTIVENESS IN SCIENCE.

17. Constructiveness in attaining Abstract ideas.

18. Induction

19. Processes of Deduction: creations of mathematics.

20. Experimental science

PRACTICAL CONSTRUCTIONS.

21. Region of practical inventions

595

The turn for experimenting an attribute of inven-

tors: Kepler, Herschell, Daguerre

22. The mental quality termed soundness of Judgment

The power of adaptation to complicated conditions 598